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  • 1
    Publication Date: 2016-08-28
    Description: Growth factors (GFs) are powerful signaling molecules with the potential to drive regenerative strategies, including bone repair and vascularization. However, GFs are typically delivered in soluble format at supraphysiological doses because of rapid clearance and limited therapeutic impact. These high doses have serious side effects and are expensive. Although it is well established that GF interactions with extracellular matrix proteins such as fibronectin control GF presentation and activity, a translation-ready approach to unlocking GF potential has not been realized. We demonstrate a simple, robust, and controlled material-based approach to enhance the activity of GFs during tissue healing. The underlying mechanism is based on spontaneous fibrillar organization of fibronectin driven by adsorption onto the polymer poly(ethyl acrylate). Fibrillar fibronectin on this polymer, but not a globular conformation obtained on control polymers, promotes synergistic presentation of integrin-binding sites and bound bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2), which enhances mesenchymal stem cell osteogenesis in vitro and drives full regeneration of a nonhealing bone defect in vivo at low GF concentrations. This simple and translatable technology could unlock the full regenerative potential of GF therapies while improving safety and cost-effectiveness.
    Electronic ISSN: 2375-2548
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2003-09-13
    Description: During spliceosome activation, a large structural rearrangement occurs that involves the release of two small nuclear RNAs, U1 and U4, and the addition of a protein complex associated with Prp19p. We show here that the Prp19p-associated complex is required for stable association of U5 and U6 with the spliceosome after U4 is dissociated. Ultraviolet crosslinking analysis revealed the existence of two modes of base pairing between U6 and the 5' splice site, as well as a switch of such base pairing from one to the other that required the Prp19p-associated complex during spliceosome activation. Moreover, a Prp19p-dependent structural change in U6 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein particles was detected that involves destabilization of Sm-like (Lsm) proteins to bring about interactions between the Lsm binding site of U6 and the intron sequence near the 5' splice site, indicating dynamic association of Lsm with U6 and a direct role of Lsm proteins in activation of the spliceosome.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Chan, Shih-Peng -- Kao, Der-I -- Tsai, Wei-Yu -- Cheng, Soo-Chen -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2003 Oct 10;302(5643):279-82. Epub 2003 Sep 11.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, National Yang-Ming University, Shih-Pai, Taiwan, Republic of China.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12970570" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adenosine Triphosphate/metabolism ; Base Pairing ; Binding Sites ; Blotting, Northern ; Introns ; Molecular Sequence Data ; RNA Precursors/metabolism ; RNA Splicing ; RNA, Small Nuclear/metabolism ; RNA-Binding Proteins/chemistry/metabolism ; Ribonuclease H/metabolism ; Ribonucleoprotein, U4-U6 Small Nuclear/chemistry/*metabolism ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins/*metabolism ; Spliceosomes/*metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 1999-04-30
    Description: Infection of macaques with chimeric simian-human immunodeficiency virus (SHIV) provides an excellent in vivo model for examining the influence of envelope on HIV-1 pathogenesis. Infection with a pathogenic CCR5 (R5)-specific enveloped virus, SHIVSF162P, was compared with infection with the CXCR4 (X4)-specific SHIVSF33A.2. Despite comparable levels of viral replication, animals infected with the R5 and X4 SHIV had distinct pathogenic outcomes. SHIVSF162P caused a dramatic loss of CD4+ intestinal T cells followed by a gradual depletion in peripheral CD4+ T cells, whereas infection with SHIVSF33A.2 caused a profound loss in peripheral T cells that was not paralleled in the intestine. These results suggest a critical role of co-receptor utilization in viral pathogenesis and provide a reliable in vivo model for preclinical examination of HIV-1 vaccines and therapeutic agents in the context of the HIV-1 envelope protein.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Harouse, J M -- Gettie, A -- Tan, R C -- Blanchard, J -- Cheng-Mayer, C -- AI41945/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- CA72822/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01 AI041945/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01 CA072822/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1999 Apr 30;284(5415):816-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Aaron Diamond AIDS Research Center, The Rockefeller University, 455 First Avenue, 7th Floor, New York, NY 10016, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10221916" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/immunology/*virology ; Animals ; *CD4 Lymphocyte Count ; CD4-CD8 Ratio ; Chimera ; Colon/immunology ; HIV-1/genetics/*pathogenicity/physiology ; Immunity, Mucosal ; Intestinal Mucosa/immunology ; Jejunum/immunology ; Macaca mulatta ; Reassortant Viruses ; Receptors, CCR5/*metabolism ; Receptors, CXCR4/*metabolism ; Simian Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/immunology/virology ; Simian Immunodeficiency Virus/genetics/*pathogenicity/physiology ; Viral Load ; Viremia ; Virus Replication
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 1997-07-04
    Description: The plant growth regulator gibberellin (GA) has a profound effect on shoot development and promotes developmental transitions such as flowering. Little is known about any analogous effect GA might have on root development. In a screen for mutants, Arabidopsis plants carrying a mutation designated pickle (pkl) were isolated in which the primary root meristem retained characteristics of embryonic tissue. Expression of this aberrant differentiation state was suppressed by GA. Root tissue from plants carrying the pkl mutation spontaneously regenerated new embryos and plants.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Ogas, J -- Cheng, J C -- Sung, Z R -- Somerville, C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1997 Jul 4;277(5322):91-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Plant Biology, Carnegie Institution of Washington, 290 Panama Street, Stanford, CA 94305, USA. jogas@andrew.stanford.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9204906" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Arabidopsis/*cytology/drug effects/genetics/metabolism ; *Arabidopsis Proteins ; Cell Differentiation/drug effects ; Fatty Acids/analysis ; Genes, Plant ; Germination ; Gibberellins/*metabolism/pharmacology ; Meristem/*cytology/drug effects/metabolism ; Mutation ; Phenotype ; Plant Growth Regulators/pharmacology ; Plant Proteins/genetics ; Plant Roots/*cytology/drug effects/metabolism ; Signal Transduction ; Triazoles/pharmacology ; Triglycerides/analysis
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 2008-05-10
    Description: Energy-dependent quenching of excess absorbed light energy (qE) is a vital mechanism for regulating photosynthetic light harvesting in higher plants. All of the physiological characteristics of qE have been positively correlated with charge transfer between coupled chlorophyll and zeaxanthin molecules in the light-harvesting antenna of photosystem II (PSII). We found evidence for charge-transfer quenching in all three of the individual minor antenna complexes of PSII (CP29, CP26, and CP24), and we conclude that charge-transfer quenching in CP29 involves a delocalized state of an excitonically coupled chlorophyll dimer. We propose that reversible conformational changes in CP29 can "tune" the electronic coupling between the chlorophylls in this dimer, thereby modulating the energy of the chlorophyll-zeaxanthin charge-transfer state and switching on and off the charge-transfer quenching during qE.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Ahn, Tae Kyu -- Avenson, Thomas J -- Ballottari, Matteo -- Cheng, Yuan-Chung -- Niyogi, Krishna K -- Bassi, Roberto -- Fleming, Graham R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2008 May 9;320(5877):794-7. doi: 10.1126/science.1154800.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18467588" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Arabidopsis Proteins/chemistry/genetics/*physiology ; Chlorophyll/physiology ; Chlorophyll Binding Proteins ; Chloroplast Proteins ; Electron Transport ; Electrophysiology ; Light ; Light-Harvesting Protein Complexes/chemistry/genetics/*physiology ; Lutein/metabolism ; Models, Molecular ; Photosystem II Protein Complex/chemistry/genetics/*physiology ; Protein Conformation ; Recombinant Proteins/metabolism ; Ribonucleoproteins ; Structure-Activity Relationship ; Xanthophylls/metabolism ; Zeaxanthins
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2011-06-18
    Description: Innate immune responses are triggered by the activation of pattern-recognition receptors (PRRs). The Arabidopsis PRR FLAGELLIN-SENSING 2 (FLS2) senses bacterial flagellin and initiates immune signaling through association with BAK1. The molecular mechanisms underlying the attenuation of FLS2 activation are largely unknown. We report that flagellin induces recruitment of two closely related U-box E3 ubiquitin ligases, PUB12 and PUB13, to FLS2 receptor complex in Arabidopsis. BAK1 phosphorylates PUB12 and PUB13 and is required for FLS2-PUB12/13 association. PUB12 and PUB13 polyubiquitinate FLS2 and promote flagellin-induced FLS2 degradation, and the pub12 and pub13 mutants displayed elevated immune responses to flagellin treatment. Our study has revealed a unique regulatory circuit of direct ubiquitination and turnover of FLS2 by BAK1-mediated phosphorylation and recruitment of specific E3 ligases for attenuation of immune signaling.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3243913/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3243913/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lu, Dongping -- Lin, Wenwei -- Gao, Xiquan -- Wu, Shujing -- Cheng, Cheng -- Avila, Julian -- Heese, Antje -- Devarenne, Timothy P -- He, Ping -- Shan, Libo -- R01 GM092893/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM092893-02/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM097247/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01GM092893/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2011 Jun 17;332(6036):1439-42. doi: 10.1126/science.1204903.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21680842" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Motifs ; Amino Acid Sequence ; Arabidopsis/genetics/*immunology/metabolism/microbiology ; Arabidopsis Proteins/chemistry/genetics/*metabolism ; Flagellin/*immunology ; *Immunity, Innate ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Mutant Proteins/chemistry/metabolism ; Peptide Fragments/immunology ; Phosphorylation ; Plant Diseases/*immunology/microbiology ; Protein Interaction Domains and Motifs ; Protein Kinases/chemistry/*metabolism ; Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases/*metabolism ; Pseudomonas syringae/growth & development/immunology ; Receptors, Pattern Recognition/chemistry/*metabolism ; Recombinant Fusion Proteins/metabolism ; Signal Transduction ; Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases/chemistry/genetics/*metabolism ; Ubiquitinated Proteins/metabolism ; Ubiquitination
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 2011-05-10
    Description: Vascular plants appeared ~410 million years ago, then diverged into several lineages of which only two survive: the euphyllophytes (ferns and seed plants) and the lycophytes. We report here the genome sequence of the lycophyte Selaginella moellendorffii (Selaginella), the first nonseed vascular plant genome reported. By comparing gene content in evolutionarily diverse taxa, we found that the transition from a gametophyte- to a sporophyte-dominated life cycle required far fewer new genes than the transition from a nonseed vascular to a flowering plant, whereas secondary metabolic genes expanded extensively and in parallel in the lycophyte and angiosperm lineages. Selaginella differs in posttranscriptional gene regulation, including small RNA regulation of repetitive elements, an absence of the trans-acting small interfering RNA pathway, and extensive RNA editing of organellar genes.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3166216/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3166216/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Banks, Jo Ann -- Nishiyama, Tomoaki -- Hasebe, Mitsuyasu -- Bowman, John L -- Gribskov, Michael -- dePamphilis, Claude -- Albert, Victor A -- Aono, Naoki -- Aoyama, Tsuyoshi -- Ambrose, Barbara A -- Ashton, Neil W -- Axtell, Michael J -- Barker, Elizabeth -- Barker, Michael S -- Bennetzen, Jeffrey L -- Bonawitz, Nicholas D -- Chapple, Clint -- Cheng, Chaoyang -- Correa, Luiz Gustavo Guedes -- Dacre, Michael -- DeBarry, Jeremy -- Dreyer, Ingo -- Elias, Marek -- Engstrom, Eric M -- Estelle, Mark -- Feng, Liang -- Finet, Cedric -- Floyd, Sandra K -- Frommer, Wolf B -- Fujita, Tomomichi -- Gramzow, Lydia -- Gutensohn, Michael -- Harholt, Jesper -- Hattori, Mitsuru -- Heyl, Alexander -- Hirai, Tadayoshi -- Hiwatashi, Yuji -- Ishikawa, Masaki -- Iwata, Mineko -- Karol, Kenneth G -- Koehler, Barbara -- Kolukisaoglu, Uener -- Kubo, Minoru -- Kurata, Tetsuya -- Lalonde, Sylvie -- Li, Kejie -- Li, Ying -- Litt, Amy -- Lyons, Eric -- Manning, Gerard -- Maruyama, Takeshi -- Michael, Todd P -- Mikami, Koji -- Miyazaki, Saori -- Morinaga, Shin-ichi -- Murata, Takashi -- Mueller-Roeber, Bernd -- Nelson, David R -- Obara, Mari -- Oguri, Yasuko -- Olmstead, Richard G -- Onodera, Naoko -- Petersen, Bent Larsen -- Pils, Birgit -- Prigge, Michael -- Rensing, Stefan A -- Riano-Pachon, Diego Mauricio -- Roberts, Alison W -- Sato, Yoshikatsu -- Scheller, Henrik Vibe -- Schulz, Burkhard -- Schulz, Christian -- Shakirov, Eugene V -- Shibagaki, Nakako -- Shinohara, Naoki -- Shippen, Dorothy E -- Sorensen, Iben -- Sotooka, Ryo -- Sugimoto, Nagisa -- Sugita, Mamoru -- Sumikawa, Naomi -- Tanurdzic, Milos -- Theissen, Gunter -- Ulvskov, Peter -- Wakazuki, Sachiko -- Weng, Jing-Ke -- Willats, William W G T -- Wipf, Daniel -- Wolf, Paul G -- Yang, Lixing -- Zimmer, Andreas D -- Zhu, Qihui -- Mitros, Therese -- Hellsten, Uffe -- Loque, Dominique -- Otillar, Robert -- Salamov, Asaf -- Schmutz, Jeremy -- Shapiro, Harris -- Lindquist, Erika -- Lucas, Susan -- Rokhsar, Daniel -- Grigoriev, Igor V -- GM065383/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- GM84051/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- HG004164/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM043644/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM084051/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM084051-01A1/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 HG004164/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- R01 HG004164-02/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- R01 HG004164-03/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- R01 HG004164-04/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- T32 GM007757/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- T32-HG00035/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2011 May 20;332(6032):960-3. doi: 10.1126/science.1203810. Epub 2011 May 5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA. banksj@purdue.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21551031" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Angiosperms/chemistry/genetics ; *Biological Evolution ; Bryopsida/genetics ; Chlamydomonas/chemistry/genetics ; DNA Transposable Elements ; Evolution, Molecular ; Gene Expression Regulation, Plant ; Genes, Plant ; *Genome, Plant ; MicroRNAs/genetics ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Phylogeny ; Plant Proteins/genetics/metabolism ; Proteome/analysis ; RNA Editing ; RNA, Plant/genetics ; Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid ; Selaginellaceae/*genetics/growth & development/metabolism ; Sequence Analysis, DNA
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 2011-08-06
    Description: Malaria remains a devastating disease largely because of widespread drug resistance. New drugs and a better understanding of the mechanisms of drug action and resistance are essential for fulfilling the promise of eradicating malaria. Using high-throughput chemical screening and genome-wide association analysis, we identified 32 highly active compounds and genetic loci associated with differential chemical phenotypes (DCPs), defined as greater than or equal to fivefold differences in half-maximum inhibitor concentration (IC(50)) between parasite lines. Chromosomal loci associated with 49 DCPs were confirmed by linkage analysis and tests of genetically modified parasites, including three genes that were linked to 96% of the DCPs. Drugs whose responses mapped to wild-type or mutant pfcrt alleles were tested in combination in vitro and in vivo, which yielded promising new leads for antimalarial treatments.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3396183/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3396183/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Yuan, Jing -- Cheng, Ken Chih-Chien -- Johnson, Ronald L -- Huang, Ruili -- Pattaradilokrat, Sittiporn -- Liu, Anna -- Guha, Rajarshi -- Fidock, David A -- Inglese, James -- Wellems, Thomas E -- Austin, Christopher P -- Su, Xin-zhuan -- R01 AI050234/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01 AI50234/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- ZIB HG200319-08/Intramural NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2011 Aug 5;333(6043):724-9. doi: 10.1126/science.1205216.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Laboratory of Malaria and Vector Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21817045" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Antimalarials/chemistry/*pharmacology ; Biological Evolution ; Chromosome Mapping ; Drug Combinations ; *Drug Resistance/genetics ; *Genes, Protozoan ; Genetic Linkage ; Genetic Loci ; *Genome, Protozoan ; Genome-Wide Association Study ; High-Throughput Screening Assays ; Inhibitory Concentration 50 ; Membrane Transport Proteins/genetics ; Molecular Structure ; Multidrug Resistance-Associated Proteins/genetics ; Mutation ; *Parasitic Sensitivity Tests ; Plasmodium falciparum/*drug effects/*genetics/growth & development/metabolism ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; Protozoan Proteins/genetics ; Structure-Activity Relationship
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 2013-04-27
    Description: Color patterns of bird plumage affect animal behavior and speciation. Diverse patterns are present in different species and within the individual. Here, we study the cellular and molecular basis of feather pigment pattern formation. Melanocyte progenitors are distributed as a horizontal ring in the proximal follicle, sending melanocytes vertically up into the epithelial cylinder, which gradually emerges as feathers grow. Different pigment patterns form by modulating the presence, arrangement, or differentiation of melanocytes. A layer of peripheral pulp further regulates pigmentation via patterned agouti expression. Lifetime feather cyclic regeneration resets pigment patterns for physiological needs. Thus, the evolution of stem cell niche topology allows complex pigment patterning through combinatorial co-option of simple regulatory mechanisms.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4144997/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4144997/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lin, S J -- Foley, J -- Jiang, T X -- Yeh, C Y -- Wu, P -- Foley, A -- Yen, C M -- Huang, Y C -- Cheng, H C -- Chen, C F -- Reeder, B -- Jee, S H -- Widelitz, R B -- Chuong, C M -- AR060306/AR/NIAMS NIH HHS/ -- AR42177/AR/NIAMS NIH HHS/ -- AR47364/AR/NIAMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 AR042177/AR/NIAMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 AR047364/AR/NIAMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2013 Jun 21;340(6139):1442-5. doi: 10.1126/science.1230374. Epub 2013 Apr 25.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Pathology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23618762" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Agouti Signaling Protein/metabolism ; Animals ; Birds/*anatomy & histology/physiology ; Cell Differentiation ; Cell Lineage ; Cell Proliferation ; Chickens/anatomy & histology/physiology ; Columbidae/anatomy & histology/physiology ; Feathers/*cytology/growth & development ; Female ; Galliformes/anatomy & histology/physiology ; Male ; Melanocytes/*cytology/physiology ; Models, Biological ; *Pigmentation ; Regeneration ; *Stem Cell Niche ; Stem Cells/*cytology/physiology
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 2005-12-17
    Description: Lighter variations of pigmentation in humans are associated with diminished number, size, and density of melanosomes, the pigmented organelles of melanocytes. Here we show that zebrafish golden mutants share these melanosomal changes and that golden encodes a putative cation exchanger slc24a5 (nckx5) that localizes to an intracellular membrane, likely the melanosome or its precursor. The human ortholog is highly similar in sequence and functional in zebrafish. The evolutionarily conserved ancestral allele of a human coding polymorphism predominates in African and East Asian populations. In contrast, the variant allele is nearly fixed in European populations, is associated with a substantial reduction in regional heterozygosity, and correlates with lighter skin pigmentation in admixed populations, suggesting a key role for the SLC24A5 gene in human pigmentation.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lamason, Rebecca L -- Mohideen, Manzoor-Ali P K -- Mest, Jason R -- Wong, Andrew C -- Norton, Heather L -- Aros, Michele C -- Jurynec, Michael J -- Mao, Xianyun -- Humphreville, Vanessa R -- Humbert, Jasper E -- Sinha, Soniya -- Moore, Jessica L -- Jagadeeswaran, Pudur -- Zhao, Wei -- Ning, Gang -- Makalowska, Izabela -- McKeigue, Paul M -- O'donnell, David -- Kittles, Rick -- Parra, Esteban J -- Mangini, Nancy J -- Grunwald, David J -- Shriver, Mark D -- Canfield, Victor A -- Cheng, Keith C -- CA73935/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- EY11308/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- HD37572/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- HD40179/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- HG002154/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- HL077910/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- RR017441/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Dec 16;310(5755):1782-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Jake Gittlen Cancer Research Foundation, Department of Pathology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16357253" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: African Americans/genetics ; African Continental Ancestry Group/genetics ; Alanine/genetics ; Alleles ; Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Antiporters/chemistry/*genetics/physiology ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group/genetics ; Biological Evolution ; Calcium/metabolism ; European Continental Ancestry Group/genetics ; Gene Frequency ; Genes ; Genetic Variation ; Haplotypes ; Heterozygote ; Humans ; Ion Transport ; Melanins/analysis ; Melanosomes/chemistry/ultrastructure ; Mice ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Multifactorial Inheritance ; Mutation ; Pigment Epithelium of Eye/chemistry/ultrastructure ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; Selection, Genetic ; Skin Pigmentation/*genetics ; Threonine/genetics ; Zebrafish/embryology/*genetics/metabolism ; Zebrafish Proteins/chemistry/*genetics/physiology
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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