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  • Humans  (10)
  • American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)  (10)
  • 1
    Publication Date: 2008-08-30
    Description: The archaeology of pre-Columbian polities in the Amazon River basin forces a reconsideration of early urbanism and long-term change in tropical forest landscapes. We describe settlement and land-use patterns of complex societies on the eve of European contact (after 1492) in the Upper Xingu region of the Brazilian Amazon. These societies were organized in articulated clusters, representing small independent polities, within a regional peer polity. These patterns constitute a "galactic" form of prehistoric urbanism, sharing features with small-scale urban polities in other areas. Understanding long-term change in coupled human-environment systems relating to these societies has implications for conservation and sustainable development, notably to control ecological degradation and maintain regional biodiversity.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Heckenberger, Michael J -- Russell, J Christian -- Fausto, Carlos -- Toney, Joshua R -- Schmidt, Morgan J -- Pereira, Edithe -- Franchetto, Bruna -- Kuikuro, Afukaka -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2008 Aug 29;321(5893):1214-7. doi: 10.1126/science.1159769.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Anthropology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA. mheck@ufl.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18755979" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Agriculture/history ; *Archaeology ; Biodiversity ; Brazil ; Cities/*history ; *Culture ; Ecosystem ; Environment Design ; History, Ancient ; Humans ; Residence Characteristics ; Rivers ; *Trees
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2005-04-12
    Description: The molecular basis of gammadelta T cell receptor (TCR) recognition is poorly understood. Here, we analyze the TCR sequences of a natural gammadelta T cell population specific for the major histocompatibility complex class Ib molecule T22. We find that T22 recognition correlates strongly with a somatically recombined TCRdelta complementarity-determining region 3 (CDR3) motif derived from germ line-encoded residues. Sequence diversity around these residues modulates TCR ligand-binding affinities, whereas V gene usage correlates mainly with tissue origin. These results show how an antigen-specific gammadelta TCR repertoire can be generated at a high frequency and suggest that gammadelta T cells recognize a limited number of antigens.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Shin, Sunny -- El-Diwany, Ramy -- Schaffert, Steven -- Adams, Erin J -- Garcia, K Christopher -- Pereira, Pablo -- Chien, Yueh-Hsiu -- AI33431/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Apr 8;308(5719):252-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15821090" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Antigens ; Binding Sites ; Gene Rearrangement, gamma-Chain T-Cell Antigen Receptor ; Histocompatibility Antigens Class I/*immunology ; Humans ; Jurkat Cells ; Ligands ; Protein Conformation ; Proteins/*immunology ; Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, gamma-delta/genetics/*immunology ; T-Lymphocytes/*immunology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 3
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1996-07-05
    Description: Normal cells have limited proliferative potential in culture, a fact that has been the basis of their use as a model for replicative senescence for many years. Recent molecular analyses have identified numerous changes in gene expression that occur as cells become senescent, and the results indicate that multiple levels of control contribute to the irreversible growth arrest. These include repression of growth stimulatory genes, overexpression of growth inhibitory genes, and interference with downstream pathways. Studies with cell types other than fibroblasts will better define the role of cell senescence in the aging process and in tumorigenesis.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Smith, J R -- Pereira-Smith, O M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1996 Jul 5;273(5271):63-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Roy M. and Phyllis Gough Huffington Center on Aging, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030-3498, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8658197" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Aging/genetics ; Animals ; *Cell Aging/genetics ; *Cell Division/genetics ; *Gene Expression ; *Genes, Tumor Suppressor ; Humans ; Neoplasms/etiology/genetics ; Telomerase/metabolism ; Telomere/metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2009-12-08
    Description: What qualifies a neural representation for a role in subjective experience? Previous evidence suggests that the duration and intensity of the neural response to a sensory stimulus are factors. We introduce another attribute--the reproducibility of a pattern of neural activity across different episodes--that predicts specific and measurable differences between conscious and nonconscious neural representations independently of duration and intensity. We found that conscious neural activation patterns are relatively reproducible when compared with nonconscious neural activation patterns corresponding to the same perceptual content. This is not adequately explained by a difference in signal-to-noise ratio.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Schurger, Aaron -- Pereira, Francisco -- Treisman, Anne -- Cohen, Jonathan D -- MH075342/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2010 Jan 1;327(5961):97-9. doi: 10.1126/science.1180029. Epub 2009 Nov 12.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Psychology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08540, USA. schurger@princeton.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19965385" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Awareness/*physiology ; Brain/*physiology ; Consciousness/*physiology ; Female ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Neurons/*physiology ; Photic Stimulation ; Temporal Lobe/physiology ; Unconscious (Psychology) ; Visual Cortex/physiology ; *Visual Perception ; Young Adult
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 2010-02-06
    Description: Alternative splicing of pre-mRNA is a prominent mechanism to generate protein diversity, yet its regulation is poorly understood. We demonstrated a direct role for histone modifications in alternative splicing. We found distinctive histone modification signatures that correlate with the splicing outcome in a set of human genes, and modulation of histone modifications causes splice site switching. Histone marks affect splicing outcome by influencing the recruitment of splicing regulators via a chromatin-binding protein. These results outline an adaptor system for the reading of histone marks by the pre-mRNA splicing machinery.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2913848/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2913848/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Luco, Reini F -- Pan, Qun -- Tominaga, Kaoru -- Blencowe, Benjamin J -- Pereira-Smith, Olivia M -- Misteli, Tom -- MOP-67011/Canadian Institutes of Health Research/Canada -- R01 AG032134/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- R01 AG032134-01/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- R01 AG032134-02/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- R01 AG032134-03/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- R01 AG032134-04/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- ZIA BC010309-11/Intramural NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2010 Feb 19;327(5968):996-1000. doi: 10.1126/science.1184208. Epub 2010 Feb 4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20133523" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Alternative Splicing ; Cell Line ; Chromatin/metabolism ; Epithelial Cells/metabolism ; Exons ; Histone-Lysine N-Methyltransferase/genetics/metabolism ; Histones/*metabolism ; Humans ; Male ; Mesenchymal Stromal Cells/metabolism ; Polypyrimidine Tract-Binding Protein/metabolism ; Prostate/cytology ; Protein Binding ; RNA Precursors/*metabolism ; Receptor, Fibroblast Growth Factor, Type 2/genetics ; Transcription Factors/genetics/metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2014-06-14
    Description: Accurate chromosome segregation during mitosis requires the physical separation of sister chromatids before nuclear envelope reassembly (NER). However, how these two processes are coordinated remains unknown. Here, we identified a conserved feedback control mechanism that delays chromosome decondensation and NER in response to incomplete chromosome separation during anaphase. A midzone-associated Aurora B gradient was found to monitor chromosome position along the division axis and to prevent premature chromosome decondensation by retaining Condensin I. PP1/PP2A phosphatases counteracted this gradient and promoted chromosome decondensation and NER. Thus, an Aurora B gradient appears to mediate a surveillance mechanism that prevents chromosome decondensation and NER until effective separation of sister chromatids is achieved. This allows the correction and reintegration of lagging chromosomes in the main nuclei before completion of NER.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Afonso, Olga -- Matos, Irina -- Pereira, Antonio J -- Aguiar, Paulo -- Lampson, Michael A -- Maiato, Helder -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2014 Jul 18;345(6194):332-6. doi: 10.1126/science.1251121. Epub 2014 Jun 12.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Chromosome Instability and Dynamics Laboratory, Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre 823, 4150-180 Porto, Portugal. ; Chromosome Instability and Dynamics Laboratory, Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre 823, 4150-180 Porto, Portugal. Center for Mathematics, Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre 687, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal. ; Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA. ; Chromosome Instability and Dynamics Laboratory, Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre 823, 4150-180 Porto, Portugal. Cell Division Unit, Department of Experimental Biology, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade do Porto, Alameda Prof. Hernani Monteiro, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal. maiato@ibmc.up.pt.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24925910" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Anaphase ; Animals ; Aurora Kinase B/antagonists & inhibitors/genetics/*metabolism ; Cell Line ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Chromosome Segregation/genetics/*physiology ; Drosophila ; *Feedback, Physiological ; Humans ; Nuclear Envelope/genetics/*metabolism ; Protein Phosphatase 1/metabolism ; Protein Phosphatase 2/metabolism
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 2015-04-25
    Description: Before chromosomes segregate into daughter cells, they align at the mitotic spindle equator, a process known as chromosome congression. Centromere-associated protein E (CENP-E)/Kinesin-7 is a microtubule plus-end-directed kinetochore motor required for congression of pole-proximal chromosomes. Because the plus-ends of many astral microtubules in the spindle point to the cell cortex, it remains unknown how CENP-E guides pole-proximal chromosomes specifically toward the equator. We found that congression of pole-proximal chromosomes depended on specific posttranslational detyrosination of spindle microtubules that point to the equator. In vitro reconstitution experiments demonstrated that CENP-E-dependent transport was strongly enhanced on detyrosinated microtubules. Blocking tubulin tyrosination in cells caused ubiquitous detyrosination of spindle microtubules, and CENP-E transported chromosomes away from spindle poles in random directions. Thus, CENP-E-driven chromosome congression is guided by microtubule detyrosination.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4506776/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4506776/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Barisic, Marin -- Silva e Sousa, Ricardo -- Tripathy, Suvranta K -- Magiera, Maria M -- Zaytsev, Anatoly V -- Pereira, Ana L -- Janke, Carsten -- Grishchuk, Ekaterina L -- Maiato, Helder -- R01 GM098389/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01-GM098389/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 May 15;348(6236):799-803. doi: 10.1126/science.aaa5175. Epub 2015 Apr 23.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Chromosome Instability and Dynamics Laboratory, Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre 823, 4150-180 Porto, Portugal. Instituto de Investigacao e Inovacao em Saude-i3S, Universidade do Porto, Portugal. ; Department of Physiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA. ; Institut Curie, 91405 Orsay, France. Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL) Research University, 75005 Paris, France. Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR 3348, 91405 Orsay, France. ; Department of Physiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA. Center for Theoretical Problems of Physicochemical Pharmacology, Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS), Moscow, Russia. Federal Research and Clinical Centre of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology, Moscow, Russia. ; Department of Physiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA. maiato@ibmc.up.pt gekate@mail.med.upenn.edu. ; Chromosome Instability and Dynamics Laboratory, Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre 823, 4150-180 Porto, Portugal. Instituto de Investigacao e Inovacao em Saude-i3S, Universidade do Porto, Portugal. Cell Division Unit, Department of Experimental Biology, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade do Porto, Alameda Professor Hernani Monteiro, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal. maiato@ibmc.up.pt gekate@mail.med.upenn.edu.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25908662" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Bicyclo Compounds, Heterocyclic/pharmacology ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Chromosomal Proteins, Non-Histone/antagonists & inhibitors/genetics/*metabolism ; *Chromosome Segregation ; Humans ; Microtubules/*metabolism ; *Mitosis ; Molecular Imaging ; Sarcosine/analogs & derivatives/pharmacology ; Spindle Apparatus/metabolism ; Tubulin/metabolism ; Tyrosine/*metabolism
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  • 8
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    Unknown
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1983-09-02
    Description: Fusion of immortal cell lines with normal human fibroblasts or certain other immortal cell lines yields hybrids having limited division potential. Cellular immortality was found to be a recessive phenotype in hybrids. It was also found that at least two separate events in the normal cell genome can result in immortality. In fusions involving certain immortal parent cells, these events can be complemented to result in hybrids with finite division capacity.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Pereira-Smith, O M -- Smith, J R -- AG 03262/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Sep 2;221(4614):964-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6879195" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Cell Division ; Cell Line ; *Cell Survival ; Cells, Cultured ; Genes, Recessive ; Humans ; Hybrid Cells/*physiology ; Phenotype
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 1986-04-04
    Description: A lectin in Giardia lamblia was activated by secretions from the human duodenum, the environment where the parasite lives. Incubation of the secretions with trypsin inhibitors prevented the appearance of lectin activity, implicating proteases as the activating agent. Accordingly, lectin activation was also produced by crystalline trypsin and Pronase; other proteases tested were ineffective. When activated, the lectin agglutinated intestinal cells to which the parasite adheres in vivo. The lectin was most specific to mannose-6-phosphate and apparently was bound to the plasma membrane. Activation of a parasite lectin by a host protease represents a novel mechanism of host-parasite interaction and may contribute to the affinity of Giardia lamblia to the infection site.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lev, B -- Ward, H -- Keusch, G T -- Pereira, M E -- P-1-P30-AM 39428-01/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Apr 4;232(4746):71-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3513312" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Agglutination ; Animals ; Duodenum/enzymology/parasitology ; Giardia/*metabolism ; *Host-Parasite Interactions ; Humans ; Intestine, Small/enzymology/*parasitology ; Lectins/*metabolism ; Mice ; Peptide Hydrolases/*metabolism ; Sheep ; Species Specificity ; Trypsin/metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 1986-04-18
    Description: Polyadenylated RNA isolated from senescent human diploid fibroblasts (HDF) inhibited DNA synthesis in proliferation-competent cells after microinjection, whereas polyadenylated RNA from young HDF had no inhibitory effect. Polyadenylated RNA from young cells made quiescent by removal of serum growth factors had a slight inhibitory effect on DNA synthesis. The abundance level of inhibitor messenger RNA (mRNA) from senescent cells was estimated at 0.8 and that of quiescent cells at 0.005 percent. These results demonstrate the existence of one or more antiproliferative mRNA's in nonproliferating normal human cells; these RNA's code for factors that either work antagonistically to initiators of DNA synthesis or regulate the expression of the initiators in some way. The abundance level of the inhibitory mRNA in senescent cells indicates the feasibility of developing a complementary DNA probe that will be useful in studying cell cycle control mechanisms.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lumpkin, C K Jr -- McClung, J K -- Pereira-Smith, O M -- Smith, J R -- AG-04749/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- AG-05333/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- T32-CA-09197/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Apr 18;232(4748):393-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2421407" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Cell Division/drug effects ; *Cell Survival ; DNA/biosynthesis ; Diploidy ; Fibroblasts/*physiology ; Humans ; Oncogenes ; Poly A/*isolation & purification/pharmacology/physiology ; RNA/*isolation & purification/pharmacology/physiology ; RNA, Messenger/*isolation & purification/pharmacology/physiology
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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