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  • 1
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    Sensors, Vol. 19, Pages 1885: Validity of Wearable Sensors at the Shoulder Joint: Combining Wireless Electromyography Sensors and Inertial Measurement Units to Perform Physical Workplace Assessments (2019)
    MDPI
    In: Sensors
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019
    Description: Background: Workplace adaptation is the preferred method of intervention to diminish risk factors associated with the development of work-related shoulder disorders. However, the majority of the workplace assessments performed are subjective (e.g., questionnaires). Quantitative assessments are required to support workplace adaptations. The aims of this study are to assess the concurrent validity of inertial measurement units (IMUs; MVN, Xsens) in comparison to a motion capture system (Vicon) during lifting tasks, and establish the discriminative validity of a wireless electromyography (EMG) system for the evaluation of muscle activity. Methods: Sixteen participants performed 12 simple tasks (shoulder flexion, abduction, scaption) and 16 complex lifting tasks (lifting crates of different weights at different heights). A Delsys Trigno EMG system was used to record anterior and middle deltoids’ EMG activity, while the Xsens and Vicon simultaneously recorded shoulder kinematics. Results: For IMUs, correlation coefficients were high (simple task: 〉0.968; complex task: 〉0.84) and RMSEs were low (simple task: 〈6.72°; complex task: 〈11.5°). For EMG, a significant effect of weight, height and a weight x height interaction (anterior: p 〈 0.001; middle: p 〈 0.03) were observed for RMS EMG activity. Conclusions: These results suggest that wireless EMG and IMUs are valid units that can be used to measure physical demand in workplace assessments.
    Electronic ISSN: 1424-8220
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Published by MDPI
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  • 2
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    Organic chemistry. Nanomole-scale high-throughput chemistry for the synthesis of complex molecules (2015)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-01-03
    Description: At the forefront of new synthetic endeavors, such as drug discovery or natural product synthesis, large quantities of material are rarely available and timelines are tight. A miniaturized automation platform enabling high-throughput experimentation for synthetic route scouting to identify conditions for preparative reaction scale-up would be a transformative advance. Because automated, miniaturized chemistry is difficult to carry out in the presence of solids or volatile organic solvents, most of the synthetic "toolkit" cannot be readily miniaturized. Using palladium-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions as a test case, we developed automation-friendly reactions to run in dimethyl sulfoxide at room temperature. This advance enabled us to couple the robotics used in biotechnology with emerging mass spectrometry-based high-throughput analysis techniques. More than 1500 chemistry experiments were carried out in less than a day, using as little as 0.02 milligrams of material per reaction.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Buitrago Santanilla, Alexander -- Regalado, Erik L -- Pereira, Tony -- Shevlin, Michael -- Bateman, Kevin -- Campeau, Louis-Charles -- Schneeweis, Jonathan -- Berritt, Simon -- Shi, Zhi-Cai -- Nantermet, Philippe -- Liu, Yong -- Helmy, Roy -- Welch, Christopher J -- Vachal, Petr -- Davies, Ian W -- Cernak, Tim -- Dreher, Spencer D -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Jan 2;347(6217):49-53. doi: 10.1126/science.1259203. Epub 2014 Nov 20.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Process and Analytical Chemistry, Merck Research Laboratories, Merck and Co. Inc., Rahway, NJ 07065, USA. ; Department of Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacodynamics and Drug Metabolism, Merck Research Laboratories, Merck and Co. Inc., West Point, PA 19486, USA. ; Department of Pharmacology, Merck Research Laboratories, Merck and Co. Inc., Kenilworth, NJ 07033, USA. ; Department of Discovery Chemistry, Merck Research Laboratories, Merck and Co. Inc., Kenilworth, NJ 07033, USA. ; Department of Discovery Chemistry, Merck Research Laboratories, Merck and Co. Inc., West Point, PA 19486, USA. ; Department of Discovery Chemistry, Merck Research Laboratories, Merck and Co. Inc., Rahway, NJ 07065, USA. ; Department of Discovery Chemistry, Merck Research Laboratories, Merck and Co. Inc., Boston, MA 02115, USA. timothy_cernak@merck.com spencer_dreher@merck.com. ; Department of Process and Analytical Chemistry, Merck Research Laboratories, Merck and Co. Inc., Rahway, NJ 07065, USA. timothy_cernak@merck.com spencer_dreher@merck.com.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25554781" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Biotechnology ; Catalysis ; High-Throughput Screening Assays/*methods ; Mass Spectrometry ; *Nanoparticles ; Nanotechnology/*methods ; Palladium/chemistry ; Pharmaceutical Preparations/*chemical synthesis ; Robotics/methods
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 3
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    A multifunctional catalyst that stereoselectively assembles prodrugs (2017)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    In: Science
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-28
    Description: The catalytic stereoselective synthesis of compounds with chiral phosphorus centers remains an unsolved problem. State-of-the-art methods rely on resolution or stoichiometric chiral auxiliaries. Phosphoramidate prodrugs are a critical component of pronucleotide (ProTide) therapies used in the treatment of viral disease and cancer. Here we describe the development of a catalytic stereoselective method for the installation of phosphorus-stereogenic phosphoramidates to nucleosides through a dynamic stereoselective process. Detailed mechanistic studies and computational modeling led to the rational design of a multifunctional catalyst that enables stereoselectivity as high as 99:1.
    Keywords: Chemistry
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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