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  • American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)  (1,847)
  • American Physical Society (APS)
  • 1980-1984  (1,847)
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Year
  • 1
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    Very-Long-Baseline Radio Interferometry: The Mark III System for Geodesy, Astrometry, and Aperture Synthesis (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1983-01-07
    Description: The Mark III very-long-baseline interferometry (VLBI) system allows recording and later processing of up to 112 megabits per second from each radio telescope of an interferometer array. For astrometric and geodetic measurements, signals from two radio-frequency bands (2.2 to 2.3 and 8.2 to 8.6 gigahertz) are sampled and recorded simultaneously at all antenna sites. From these dual-band recordings the relative group delays of signals arriving at each pair of sites can be corrected for the contributions due to the ionosphere. For many radio sources for which the signals are sufficiently intense, these group delays can be determined with uncertainties under 50 picoseconds. Relative positions of widely separated antennas and celestial coordinates of radio sources have been determined from such measurements with 1 standard deviation uncertainties of about 5 centimeters and 3 milliseconds of arc, respectively. Sample results are given for the lengths of baselines between three antennas in the United States and three in Europe as well as for the arc lengths between the positions of six extragalactic radio sources. There is no significant evidence of change in any of these quantities. For mapping the brightness distribution of such compact radio sources, signals of a given polarization, or of pairs of orthogonal polarizations, can be recorded in up to 28 contiguous bands each nearly 2 megahertz wide. The ability to record large bandwidths and to link together many large radio telescopes allows detection and study of compact sources with flux densities under 1 millijansky.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Rogers, A E -- Cappallo, R J -- Hinteregger, H F -- Levine, J I -- Nesman, E F -- Webber, J C -- Whitney, A R -- Clark, T A -- Ma, C -- Ryan, J -- Corey, B E -- Counselman, C C -- Herring, T A -- Shapiro, I I -- Knight, C A -- Shaffer, D B -- Vandenberg, N R -- Lacasse, R -- Mauzy, R -- Rayhrer, B -- Schupler, B R -- Pigg, J C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Jan 7;219(4580):51-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17734328" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 2
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    Selective tropism of lymphadenopathy associated virus (LAV) for helper-inducer T lymphocytes (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1984-07-06
    Description: Lymphadenopathy associated virus ( LAV ) has been isolated from patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) or lymphadenopathy syndrome. Since the immune deficiency in AIDS seems to be primarily related to the defect of the helper-inducer T lymphocyte subset, the possibility that LAV is selectively tropic for this subset was investigated. Fractionation of T lymphocytes was achieved by cellular affinity chromatography with monoclonal antibodies. In a hemophilic patient who was a healthy carrier of LAV , reverse transcriptase activity and virus particles detected by electron microscopy were found only in cultures of helper-inducer lymphocytes. When infected with LAV in vitro, lymphocyte subsets from normal individuals yielded similar results. Virus production was associated with impaired proliferation, modulation of T3-T4 cell markers, and the appearance of cytopathic effects. The results provide evidence for the involvement of LAV in AIDS.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Klatzmann, D -- Barre-Sinoussi, F -- Nugeyre, M T -- Danquet, C -- Vilmer, E -- Griscelli, C -- Brun-Veziret, F -- Rouzioux, C -- Gluckman, J C -- Chermann, J C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Jul 6;225(4657):59-63.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6328660" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/*microbiology ; Antibodies, Monoclonal/immunology ; Antibodies, Viral/immunology ; Deltaretrovirus/immunology/ultrastructure ; Humans ; Male ; Microscopy, Electron ; Retroviridae/*immunology/ultrastructure ; Retroviridae Infections/immunology ; T-Lymphocytes, Helper-Inducer/*microbiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 3
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    Hayflick-NIH Settlement (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-01-15
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Strehler, B L -- Abraham, S -- Bayreuther, K -- Bienenstock, A -- Binstock, R -- Birren, J -- Blumenthal, H T -- Brautbar, C -- Brody, E M -- Brody, H -- Comfort, A -- Cottle, R W -- Danielli, J F -- Danon, D -- Datan, N -- Ebbesen, P -- Elsen, A -- Freundt, E A -- Gallop, P M -- Girardi, A J -- Glenn, P F -- Goheen, J D -- Goldstein, S -- Good, R A -- Goodlin, R C -- Granoff, A -- Gray, A -- Haber, P A -- Hamparian, V V -- Hijmans, W -- Holliday, R -- Horvath, S M -- Houck, J C -- Huebner, R J -- Itoh, H -- Jukes, T -- Kaplan, H S -- Kirkman, H -- Kuwert, E -- Leiderman, P H -- Liss, A -- Litwin, J -- Lubin, B -- Macieira-Coelho, A -- Madoff, S -- Maletta, G J -- Maramorosch, K -- Martin, G M -- Masover, G -- Matsumura, T -- Medvedev, Z -- Melnick, J L -- Merchant, D J -- Namba, M -- Neter, E -- Neugarten, B -- Orgel, L -- Outschoorn, A S -- Pace, D M -- Packer, L -- Parker, J C -- Patterson, M D Jr -- Pollard, M -- Portnuff, J -- Razin, S -- Reiff, T R -- Robert, L -- Rockstein, M -- Rosamoff, H -- Rosanoff, E I -- Rottem, S -- Schachter, J -- Schwartz, H -- Shanas, E -- Shimkin, M B -- Smith, J R -- Somerson, N L -- Stinebring, W -- Textor, R -- Thomas, L -- Viidik, A -- Weg, R -- Yabrov, A -- Yanofsky, C -- Zatz, L M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Jan 15;215(4530):240-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17784330" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 4
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    Lung water quantitation by nuclear magnetic resonance imaging (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-06-18
    Description: Nuclear magnetic resonance imaging was used to determine quantitatively the water distribution of saline-filled and normal rat lungs in both isolated lung and in situ preparations. Regional lung edema was easily detected. Studies of an isolated lung fragment indicate an accuracy of better than 1 percent and images of H2O/D2O phantoms indicate an average error of 2.7 percent.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hayes, C E -- Case, T A -- Ailion, D C -- Morris, A H -- Cutillo, A -- Blackburn, C W -- Durney, C H -- Johnson, S A -- 2 R01 HL 23746-03/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Jun 18;216(4552):1313-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7079763" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Body Water/*analysis ; Lung/*analysis ; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ; Pulmonary Edema/diagnosis ; Rats
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 5
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    Monoclonal antibodies for diagnosis of infectious diseases in humans (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1983-02-11
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Nowinski, R C -- Tam, M R -- Goldstein, L C -- Stong, L -- Kuo, C C -- Corey, L -- Stamm, W E -- Handsfield, H H -- Knapp, J S -- Holmes, K K -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Feb 11;219(4585):637-44.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6297006" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Antibodies, Monoclonal/*immunology ; Chlamydia Infections/diagnosis/immunology ; Chlamydia trachomatis ; Communicable Diseases/*diagnosis/immunology ; Gonorrhea/diagnosis ; Herpes Simplex/diagnosis ; Humans ; Simplexvirus/immunology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 6
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    Isolation of a T-lymphotropic retrovirus from a patient at risk for acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1983-05-20
    Description: A retrovirus belonging to the family of recently discovered human T-cell leukemia viruses (HTLV), but clearly distinct from each previous isolate, has been isolated from a Caucasian patient with signs and symptoms that often precede the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). This virus is a typical type-C RNA tumor virus, buds from the cell membrane, prefers magnesium for reverse transcriptase activity, and has an internal antigen (p25) similar to HTLV p24. Antibodies from serum of this patient react with proteins from viruses of the HTLV-I subgroup, but type-specific antisera to HTLV-I do not precipitate proteins of the new isolate. The virus from this patient has been transmitted into cord blood lymphocytes, and the virus produced by these cells is similar to the original isolate. From these studies it is concluded that this virus as well as the previous HTLV isolates belong to a general family of T-lymphotropic retroviruses that are horizontally transmitted in humans and may be involved in several pathological syndromes, including AIDS.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Barre-Sinoussi, F -- Chermann, J C -- Rey, F -- Nugeyre, M T -- Chamaret, S -- Gruest, J -- Dauguet, C -- Axler-Blin, C -- Vezinet-Brun, F -- Rouzioux, C -- Rozenbaum, W -- Montagnier, L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 May 20;220(4599):868-71.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6189183" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/*microbiology ; Adult ; Animals ; Antibodies, Viral/immunology ; Cells, Cultured ; Humans ; Male ; Microscopy, Electron ; RNA-Directed DNA Polymerase/metabolism ; Retroviridae/*isolation & purification ; T-Lymphocytes/microbiology ; Tumor Virus Infections/*microbiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
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  • 7
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    Human sleep: its duration and organization depend on its circadian phase (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-12-12
    Description: Two- to threefold variations in sleep length were observed in 12 subjects living on self-selected schedules in an environment free of time cues. The duration of polygraphically recorded sleep episodes was highly correlated with the circadian phase of the body temperature rhythm at bedtime and not with the length of prior wakefulness. Furthermore, the rate of REM (rapid eye movement) sleep accumulation , REM latency, bedtime selection, and self-rated alertness assessments were also correlated with the body temperature rhythm.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Czeisler, C A -- Weitzman, E d -- Moore-Ede, M C -- Zimmerman, J C -- Knauer, R S -- AG-00792/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- GM-07365/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- MH-28460/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Dec 12;210(4475):1264-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7434029" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Body Temperature ; *Circadian Rhythm ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Sleep/*physiology ; Sleep, REM/physiology ; Wakefulness
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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  • 8
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    Allele increasing susceptibility to human breast cancer may be linked to the glutamate-pyruvate transaminase locus (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-04-25
    Description: The patterns of the occurrence of breast cancer in 11 high-risk families were evaluated by segregation and linkage analysis. These patterns were consistent with the hypothesis that increased susceptibility to breast cancer was inherited as an autosomal dominant allele with high penetrance in women. The postulated susceptibility allele in these families may be chromosomally linked to the glutamate-pyruvate transaminase (E.C. 2.6.1.2, alanine aminotransferase) locus. Confirmation of this linkage in other families would establish the existence of a gene increasing susceptibility to breast cancer. Since there is no association in the general population between a woman's glutamate-pyruvate transaminase genotype and her cancer risk, the glutamate-pyruvate transaminase linkage cannot be used as a screening test for breast cancer.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉King, M C -- Go, R C -- Elston, R C -- Lynch, H T -- Petrakis, N L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Apr 25;208(4442):406-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7367867" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Alanine Transaminase/*genetics ; Alleles ; Breast Neoplasms/*genetics/transmission ; Female ; Genes ; Genetic Linkage ; Humans ; Pedigree ; X Chromosome
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  • 9
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    Cytochrome p-450: localization in rabbit lung (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-03-28
    Description: Cytochrome P-450-dependent monooxygenase systems, which metabolize endogenous as well as foriegn compounds, are found in hepatic and several extrahepatic tissues of mammals, including humans. A form of cytochrome P-450 is localized in the nonciliated bronchiolar epithelial cells (Clara cells) of the small airways of rabbit lung. The apparent high concentration of the cytochrome in this pulmonary cell type compared to liver may be an important determinant in the susceptibility of the lung to a number of toxic chemicals that undergo metabolic activation.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Serabjit-Singh, C J -- Wolf, C R -- Philpot, R M -- Plopper, C G -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Mar 28;207(4438):1469-70.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6767272" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Biotransformation ; Bronchi/enzymology ; Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System/immunology/*metabolism ; Epithelium/enzymology ; Fluorescent Antibody Technique ; Inactivation, Metabolic ; Lung/cytology/*enzymology/metabolism ; Rabbits
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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  • 10
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    East pacific rise: hot springs and geophysical experiments (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-03-28
    Description: Hydrothermal vents jetting out water at 380 degrees +/- 30 degrees C have been discovered on the axis of the East Pacific Rise. The hottest waters issue from mineralized chimneys and are blackened by sulfide precipitates. These hydrothermal springs are the sites of actively forming massive sulfide mineral deposits. Cooler springs are clear to milky and support exotic benthic communities of giant tube worms, clams, and crabs similar to those found at the Galapagos spreading center. Four prototype geophysical experiments were successfully conducted in and near the vent area: seismic refraction measurements with both source (thumper) and receivers on the sea floor, on-bottom gravity measurements, in situ magnetic gradiometer measurements from the submersible Alvin over a sea-floor magnetic reversal boundary, and an active electrical sounding experiment. These high-resolution determinations of crustal properties along the spreading center were made to gain knowledge of the source of new oceanic crust and marine magnetic anomalies, the nature of the axial magma chamber, and the depth of hydrothermal circulation.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Spiess, F N -- Macdonald, K C -- Atwater, T -- Ballard, R -- Carranza, A -- Cordoba, D -- Cox, C -- Garcia, V M -- Francheteau, J -- Guerrero, J -- Hawkins, J -- Haymon, R -- Hessler, R -- Juteau, T -- Kastner, M -- Larson, R -- Luyendyk, B -- Macdougall, J D -- Miller, S -- Normark, W -- Orcutt, J -- Rangin, C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Mar 28;207(4438):1421-33.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17779602" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
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