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  • 1
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    Die stabilität von Ag/Ag2SO4-referenzelektroden für untersuchungen in geschmolzenen salzen (1970)
    Elsevier
    Details
    Publication Date: 1970-07-01
    Print ISSN: 0013-4686
    Electronic ISSN: 1873-3859
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Published by Elsevier
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    PAPER CURRENT
  • 2
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    Experiences with reference electrodes in sulphate melts (1983)
    Elsevier
    Details
    Publication Date: 1983-10-01
    Print ISSN: 0013-4686
    Electronic ISSN: 1873-3859
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Published by Elsevier
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Role of platinum in the Na2SO4-Induced hot corrosion resistance of aluminum duffusion coatings (1984)
    Springer
    Oxidation of metals 22 (1984), S. 59-81 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4889
    Keywords: Al-diffusion coating ; platinum ; hot corrosion ; acidic and basic fluxing ; sulfate melt
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract Electrochemical corrosion measurements have been carried out with Pt-containing and Pt-free Al-diffusion coatings on IN 738 LC in a 90Na2SO4+ 10K2SO4 (mol%) melt at 1173 K. Pt improves the resistance to basic fluxing while there are no significant differences between both coating types in their resistance to acidic fluxing. The corrosion resistance of the Pt-containing coating is also higher in the passive potential region where protective scales rich in Al2O3 are formed. The reason for the different behavior of both coating types appears to be related to the high corrosion resistance of the Pt-rich surface layer of the coating and an increased Al2O3 content in the scale of the Pt-containing type.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00659249
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Influence of metal grain growth on the oxidation behavior of a 25Cr-20Ni steel (1981)
    Springer
    Oxidation of metals 15 (1981), S. 485-493 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4889
    Keywords: oxidation ; air ; Cr-Ni steel ; grain growth
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract Comparative oxidation tests with a fine- and a coarse-grain 25Cr-20Ni steel, and cast steel of similar composition in synthetic air between 900 and 1300°C reveal a strong influence of grain growth in the base metal on the oxidation behavior. Metal grain growth destroys the protective Cr2O3-rich scale, and promotes the formation of a scale rich in iron oxides. The result is a higher scaling rate, and a higher Cr depletion at the metal-scale interface of the fine-grain material which undergoes grain growth during oxidation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00603539
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The identification of the sulfide NaCrS2 in nickel-base superalloys during corrosion in sulfate melts (1982)
    Springer
    Oxidation of metals 18 (1982), S. 187-194 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4889
    Keywords: Sulfide NaCrS2 ; basic fluxing ; nickel-base superalloy ; Na2SO4 melt
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract The sulfide NaCrS2 has been identified in the internal corrosion zone of several nickel-base superalloys under basic fluxing conditions at very negative potentials in a 90% Na2SO4-10% K2SO4 melt at 1173 K. It can also be formed in the presence of carbon-contaminated sulfate. NaCrS2 can dissolve some Ti, Al, Ni, and Co; other elements, e.g., K, Mo, W, Nb, Ta, and Zr, could not be detected.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00662037
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The scaling of a Fe-20Cr alloy in H2-H2O-H2S mixtures (1981)
    Springer
    Oxidation of metals 16 (1981), S. 175-191 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4889
    Keywords: Sulfidation ; Fe-Cr alloy ; kinetics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract The scaling of an Fe-20Cr alloy has been studied in H2-H2O-H2S mixtures between 973 and 1223 K. According to a simplified phase diagram, Cr2O3 and FeS should be the thermodynamically stable compounds in the gas mixtures chosen. The reaction followed a mixed rate law between linear and parabolic, indicating that the reaction rate at the scale-gas interface was comparable with the diffusion rate in the scale. At a constant H2/H2S ratio the scaling rate initially decreased slightly with increasing water-vapor pressure. A further increase of the water-vapor pressure resulted in localized sulfide formation, while the other parts of the surface were covered with a Cr2O3 film. Only Cr2O3 formed above a critical water-vapor content. Three zones could be distinguished when a sulfide scale is formed. The outer zone consisted of practically pure FeS; the intermediate zone was a solid solution of (Fe,Cr)S, partially decomposed to FeCr2S4 and metal during cooling; and the inner zone contained small Cr2O3 inclusions in an (Fe,Cr)S matrix.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00603751
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The conversion of chromium oxide to chromium carbide (1981)
    Springer
    Oxidation of metals 15 (1981), S. 331-337 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4889
    Keywords: conversion ; chromium oxide ; chromium carbide
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract The thermodynamic equilibria between chromium oxide, chromium carbide, and a CO-CO2 mixture was calculated for various conditions. Experimental results on the rate of the Cr2O3 conversion to chromium carbide in CO-CO2 mixtures at 1200°C are reported. The conversion rate was low and was strongly dependent on the carbon activity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01058833
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The influence of electrode potential on the corrosion of gas turbine alloys in sulfate melts (1982)
    Springer
    Oxidation of metals 18 (1982), S. 195-223 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4889
    Keywords: Acidic and basic fluxing ; hot corrosion ; sulfate melts, super alloys
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract The influence of the electrode potential on the corrosion behavior of a series of nickel- and cobalt-base gas turbine alloys has been investigated in a (mole %) 53Na2SO4+7CaSO4+40MgSO4 melt at 1073 and 1173 K and in a 90Na2SO4+10K2SO4 melt at 1173 K. Only acidic fluxing is observed in the (Na 2,Ca, Mg)SO4 melt at positive potentials while a protective scale rich in MgO is formed on all alloys at negative potentials. This scale prevents basic fluxing because MgO is insoluble in neutral and basic melts. The breakthrough potential for acidic fluxing is a function of the material composition. Increasing chromium content of the alloys extends the potential range of protective film formation. Acidic and basic fluxing are observed in the (Na, K)2SO4 melt. Acidic fluxing occurs at positive and basic fluxing at negative potentials. A protective scale is formed in an intermediate (neutral) potential range on the high-chromium alloys IN-597 and IN-738 LC. Here, too, the breakthrough potentials for acidic and basic fluxing are influenced by the composition of the alloys.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00662038
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Acidic and basic fluxing of Ni-base superalloys in a 90Na2SO4-10K2SO4 melt at 1173 K (1983)
    Springer
    Oxidation of metals 19 (1983), S. 201-229 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4889
    Keywords: Acidic and basic fluxing ; hot corrosion ; sulfate melt ; superalloys
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract The influence of the electrode potential on the corrosion behavior of a series of Ni-base superalloys has been investigated in a (mole %) 90Na2SO4-10K2SO4 melt at 1173 K. Acidic fluxing occurs at positive potentials and basic fluxing at negative potentials. A protective scale is formed in an intermediate (neutral) potential range on high chromium-containing alloys such as IN-738LC, IN-939, IN-597, and IN-657. The breakthrough potentials for acidic and basic fluxing depend on the composition of the alloy. Alloys with low chromium contents such as IN-100 and IN-713LC do not form stable protective scales at any potential. Numerous sulfide phases have been identified in the scale and subscale, depending on potential, severity of attack, and material composition. NaCrS2 only forms under basic fluxing conditions. Its presence can therefore be considered as an indication that basic fluxing conditions have existed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00666645
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Die Verzunderung von Eisen in O2—SO2-Inertgas-Gemischen bei 900° C (1972)
    Weinheim [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 23 (1972), S. 272-278 
    Details
    ISSN: 0947-5117
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Scaling of iron in O2—SO2-inert gas mixtures at 900 °C.Kinetic and metallorgraphic investigations into the oxidation of iron in O2So2-inert gas mixtures show, that SO2 increases the scaling rate of iron when the oxidation in the SO2 free gas follows a linear kinetic law; in these cases the transport of oxygen from the flowing medium to the specimen surface is the rat-controlling step. Such conditions exist at 900 °C and linear flow velocities of 5.8 cm/s at oxygen contents below about 7% At constant oxygen pressure the constant of the linear kinetic law is a linear function of the SO2.
    Notes: Kinetische und metallographische Untersuchungen über Oxydation von Eisen in O2—SO2,-Inertgas-Gemischen zeigen, daß SO2 die Verzunderungsgeschwindigkeit des Eisens erhöht, wenn die Oxydation im SO2-freien Gas nach einem linearen Zeitgesetz erfolgt, weil der Antransport des Sauerstoffs aus dem strömenden Gas an die Oberfläche der Probe geschwindigkeitsbestimmend ist. Bei 900°C und einer linearen Strömungsgeschwindigkeit der Gase von 5,8 cm/sec ist das bei O2-Gehalten Strömungsgeschwindigkeit der Gase von 5,8 cm/sec ist das bei O2-Gehalten kleiner etwa 7% der Fall. Bei konstantem
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/maco.19720230407
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