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  • 1
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    MATERIALS SCIENCE: Putting a New Spin on Carbon Nanotubes (2007)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2007-09-06
    Description: Nanotube fibers are expected to have a wide range of applications from energy storage to high-strength mechanical devices. But as Baughman explains in his Perspective, methods for making such fibers have been of limited success. In contrast, the process reported by Vigolo et al. shows great promise. Together with a recently reported, more economically viable nanotube production process, this method may open the door to large-scale devices and materials based on carbon nanotubes.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Baughman, R H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2000 Nov 17;290(5495):1310-1.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17787234" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 2
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    Giant-stroke, superelastic carbon nanotube aerogel muscles (2009)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2009-03-21
    Description: Improved electrically powered artificial muscles are needed for generating force, moving objects, and accomplishing work. Carbon nanotube aerogel sheets are the sole component of new artificial muscles that provide giant elongations and elongation rates of 220% and (3.7 x 10(4))% per second, respectively, at operating temperatures from 80 to 1900 kelvin. These solid-state-fabricated sheets are enthalpic rubbers having gaslike density and specific strength in one direction higher than those of steel plate. Actuation decreases nanotube aerogel density and can be permanently frozen for such device applications as transparent electrodes. Poisson's ratios reach 15, a factor of 30 higher than for conventional rubbers. These giant Poisson's ratios explain the observed opposite sign of width and length actuation and result in rare properties: negative linear compressibility and stretch densification.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Aliev, Ali E -- Oh, Jiyoung -- Kozlov, Mikhail E -- Kuznetsov, Alexander A -- Fang, Shaoli -- Fonseca, Alexandre F -- Ovalle, Raquel -- Lima, Marcio D -- Haque, Mohammad H -- Gartstein, Yuri N -- Zhang, Mei -- Zakhidov, Anvar A -- Baughman, Ray H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2009 Mar 20;323(5921):1575-8. doi: 10.1126/science.1168312.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Alan G. MacDiarmid NanoTech Institute, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX 75083, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19299612" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Biomimetic Materials/chemistry ; Elasticity ; Muscle, Skeletal ; *Nanotubes, Carbon/chemistry ; Static Electricity ; Temperature ; Tensile Strength
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 3
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    Strong, transparent, multifunctional, carbon nanotube sheets (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-08-20
    Description: Individual carbon nanotubes are like minute bits of string, and many trillions of these invisible strings must be assembled to make useful macroscopic articles. We demonstrated such assembly at rates above 7 meters per minute by cooperatively rotating carbon nanotubes in vertically oriented nanotube arrays (forests) and made 5-centimeter-wide, meter-long transparent sheets. These self-supporting nanotube sheets are initially formed as a highly anisotropic electronically conducting aerogel that can be densified into strong sheets that are as thin as 50 nanometers. The measured gravimetric strength of orthogonally oriented sheet arrays exceeds that of sheets of high-strength steel. These nanotube sheets have been used in laboratory demonstrations for the microwave bonding of plastics and for making transparent, highly elastomeric electrodes; planar sources of polarized broad-band radiation; conducting appliques; and flexible organic light-emitting diodes.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Zhang, Mei -- Fang, Shaoli -- Zakhidov, Anvar A -- Lee, Sergey B -- Aliev, Ali E -- Williams, Christopher D -- Atkinson, Ken R -- Baughman, Ray H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Aug 19;309(5738):1215-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉NanoTech Institute, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX 75083-0688, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16109875" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 4
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    Materials science. Playing nature's game with artificial muscles (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-04-02
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Baughman, Ray H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Apr 1;308(5718):63-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉NanoTech Institute and Department of Chemistry, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX 75083, USA. ray. baughman@utdallas.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15802593" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Artificial Organs ; Biomechanical Phenomena ; *Biomimetic Materials ; Elastomers ; Electric Capacitance ; Electric Conductivity ; Electrochemistry ; Electrodes ; *Muscles/physiology ; Nanostructures ; Nanotubes, Carbon ; *Polymers ; Robotics ; Static Electricity ; Stress, Mechanical
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 5
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    Retrospective: Richard E. Smalley (1943-2005) (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-12-24
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Adams, W Wade -- Baughman, Ray H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Dec 23;310(5756):1916.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Center for Nanoscale Science and Technology, Rice University, Houston, TX 77251-1892, USA. wade.adams@rice.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16373566" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Chemistry/*history ; History, 20th Century ; History, 21st Century ; Nobel Prize ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 6
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    Fuel-powered artificial muscles (2006)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-03-18
    Description: Artificial muscles and electric motors found in autonomous robots and prosthetic limbs are typically battery-powered, which severely restricts the duration of their performance and can necessitate long inactivity during battery recharge. To help solve these problems, we demonstrated two types of artificial muscles that convert the chemical energy of high-energy-density fuels to mechanical energy. The first type stores electrical charge and uses changes in stored charge for mechanical actuation. In contrast with electrically powered electrochemical muscles, only half of the actuator cycle is electrochemical. The second type of fuel-powered muscle provides a demonstrated actuator stroke and power density comparable to those of natural skeletal muscle and generated stresses that are over a hundred times higher.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Ebron, Von Howard -- Yang, Zhiwei -- Seyer, Daniel J -- Kozlov, Mikhail E -- Oh, Jiyoung -- Xie, Hui -- Razal, Joselito -- Hall, Lee J -- Ferraris, John P -- Macdiarmid, Alan G -- Baughman, Ray H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2006 Mar 17;311(5767):1580-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Chemistry and NanoTech Institute, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX 75083-0688, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16543453" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Artificial Organs ; Biomechanical Phenomena ; *Biomimetic Materials ; Bionics ; Electric Power Supplies ; Electrochemistry ; *Electrodes ; Hydrogen/chemistry ; Lifting ; *Muscle, Skeletal/physiology ; *Nanotubes, Carbon ; Oxidation-Reduction ; Oxygen/chemistry ; Robotics ; Stress, Mechanical
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 7
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    Chemistry. Dangerously seeking linear carbon (2006)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-05-20
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Baughman, Ray H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2006 May 19;312(5776):1009-110.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Nanotech Institute, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX 75080, USA. ray.baughman@utdallas.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16709775" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 8
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    Retrospective. Alan G. MacDiarmid (1927-2007) (2007)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2007-03-24
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Baughman, Ray H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Mar 23;315(5819):1678.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉NanoTech Institute, University of Texas at Dallas, TX 75080, USA. ray.baughman@utdallas.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17379798" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 9
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    Sign Change of Poisson's Ratio for Carbon Nanotube Sheets (2008)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2008-04-29
    Description: Most materials shrink laterally like a rubber band when stretched, so their Poisson's ratios are positive. Likewise, most materials contract in all directions when hydrostatically compressed and decrease density when stretched, so they have positive linear compressibilities. We found that the in-plane Poisson's ratio of carbon nanotube sheets (buckypaper) can be tuned from positive to negative by mixing single-walled and multiwalled nanotubes. Density-normalized sheet toughness, strength, and modulus were substantially increased by this mixing. A simple model predicts the sign and magnitude of Poisson's ratio for buckypaper from the relative ease of nanofiber bending and stretch, and explains why the Poisson's ratios of ordinary writing paper are positive and much larger. Theory also explains why the negative in-plane Poisson's ratio is associated with a large positive Poisson's ratio for the sheet thickness, and predicts that hydrostatic compression can produce biaxial sheet expansion. This tunability of Poisson's ratio can be exploited in the design of sheet-derived composites, artificial muscles, gaskets, and chemical and mechanical sensors.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hall, Lee J -- Coluci, Vitor R -- Galvao, Douglas S -- Kozlov, Mikhail E -- Zhang, Mei -- Dantas, Socrates O -- Baughman, Ray H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2008 Apr 25;320(5875):504-7. doi: 10.1126/science.1149815.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉MacDiarmid NanoTech Institute, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX 75083, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18440923" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 10
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    High thermal stability of carbon-coated L10-FePt nanoparticles prepared by salt-matrix annealing (2008)
    American Institute of Physics
    Details
    Publication Date: 2008-04-01
    Print ISSN: 0021-8979
    Electronic ISSN: 1089-7550
    Topics: Physics
    Published by American Institute of Physics
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