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  • Wiley-Blackwell
  • 2015-2019  (8)
  • 1975-1979  (3,526)
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  • 1
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    Fishes in a changing world: learning from the past to promote sustainability of fish populations (2018)
    Wiley-Blackwell
    In:  Journal of Fish Biology, 92 (3). pp. 804-827.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-02-08
    Description: Populations of fishes provide valuable services for billions of people, but face diverse and interacting threats that jeopardize their sustainability. Human population growth and intensifying resource use for food, water, energy and goods are compromising fish populations through a variety of mechanisms, including overfishing, habitat degradation and declines in water quality. The important challenges raised by these issues have been recognized and have led to considerable advances over past decades in managing and mitigating threats to fishes worldwide. In this review, we identify the major threats faced by fish populations alongside recent advances that are helping to address these issues. There are very significant efforts worldwide directed towards ensuring a sustainable future for the world's fishes and fisheries and those who rely on them. Although considerable challenges remain, by drawing attention to successful mitigation of threats to fish and fisheries we hope to provide the encouragement and direction that will allow these challenges to be overcome in the future.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
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    PAPER (OCEANREP)
  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Helix-coil stability constants for the naturally occurring amino acids in water. XII. Asparagine parameters from random poly(hydroxybutylglutamine-co-L-asparagine) (1977)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biopolymers 16 (1977), S. 1567-1585 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3525
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The synthesis and characterization of water-soluble random copolymers containing L-asparagine with N5-(4-hydroxybutyl)-L-glutamine, and the thermally induced helix-coil transitions of these copolymers in water, are described. The incorporation of L-asparagine was found to decrease the helix content of the polymers in water at all temperatures. The Zimm-Bragg parameters σ and s for the helix-coil transition in poly(L-asparagine) in water were deduced from an analysis of the copolymer melting curves in the manner described in earlier papers. The computed values of s indicate that asparagine destabilizes helical sequences at all temperatures in the range 0-60°C.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bip.1977.360160715
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Computable finite element error bounds for Poisson's equation (1977)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 11 (1977), S. 593-597 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: Theoretical error bounds of the form are often available for finite element solutions U of elliptic problems. In this form the estimates give the order of convergence of the method but are of little practical value for estimating the size of the error because the magnitudes of the constant K and the theoretical solution u are unknown. An exception occurs in the case of the equation ∂2u/∂x2 + ∂2u/∂y2 + f = 0 in a rectangle where the Ritz-Galerkin finite element solution involves piecewise linears over a regular triangular grid. In this case where α = 1 and Barnhill and Gregory1 have obtained the theoretical value 0·93√2 for K. In this note calculations are carried out for a variety of problems and the quantity K* = ∥u - U∥E/h∥f∥L2 measured and compared with K. The values of K* obtained fit into a well defined pattern from which we conclude that the theoretical constant K is of the correct order of magnitude.
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620110315
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Electron spectroscopy for chemical analyses (ESCA) - A tool for studying treated textiles (1976)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 20 (1976), S. 2483-2495 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Electron spectroscopy for chemical analysis (ESCA) has been successfully used to determine the location of flame-retardant polymers or reagents and crosslinking and oil/water-repellent reagents in relation to fiber surfaces of chemically modified cotton fabrics and cotton/polyester blends. Changes in intensity of characteristic ESCA element signals were followed as the particle size of the treated fabric varied. Dimethyloldihydroxyethyleneurea (DMDHEU) and the flame-retardant polymer formed from tetrakis(hydroxymethyl)phosphonium chloride (Thpc) and urea penetrate and are homogeneously deposited throughout cotton fabrics. The oil/water-repellent finish, FC-218, and the flame retardants from the THPOH/NH3 reaction and tris(dibromopropyl) phosphate are deposited on the surfaces of both cotton and polyester fibers.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1976.070200917
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fabric properties of butadienediepoxide-treated cottons as affected by liquid ammonia pretreatments (1976)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 20 (1976), S. 1905-1920 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Effects of liquid ammonia and mercerizing-strength caustic as pretreatments upon textile properties of cotton sheeting modified with butadienediepoxide (BDO) catalyzed by 2% and 15% NaOH were compared. Tensile properties of the NaOH-mercerized control (CM) (celluloses I and II) greatly exceeded those of native (cellulose I) and ammonia-treated (NH3) controls. NH3(I) and NH3(III) are those cottons having the cellulose I and mixed cellulose I and III lattices, respectively. Resistance to flex abrasion was doubled by pretreatments. Wrinkle recoveries of all controls were equivalent, but tensile recovery differed. BDO reaction enhanced wrinkle recovery of controls but produced the usual losses in tensile properties and resistance to flex abrasion associated with crosslinking reagents. BDO reaction nullified the initial tensile advantage held by CM cotton. Tear strengths of all BDO-treated cottons remained comparable. High dry and high wet recoveries were obtained only when 2% NaOH catalyzed the BDO reaction and were greatest for NH3 cottons. BDO reaction reduced permanent set of all controls and increased tensile recovery primarily by enlarging the delayed recovery. Postmercerization with 23% NaOH adversely affected recovery behavior of all BDO-treated cottons. Nevertheless, wrinkle and tensile recoveries of postmercerized NH3(I) and CM cottons were equivalent. Postmercerization partially restored fabric properties of BDO cottons with cellulose I lattice to those of their respective controls; no change was noted for corresponding products from CM cottons. Because of this, final properties of products from NH3(I) cottons equaled and even exceeded those of comparable CM cottons.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1976.070200718
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Spectral studies on cellulose treated with sodium deuteroxide (1978)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 22 (1978), S. 2901-2905 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Cellulose II and cellulose I samples were treated respectively with a strong solution of sodium deuteroxide in D2O and a 99% solution of ethylenediamine. The complexes were washed with D2O and the nature of the OD bands were studied after rehydrogenating the sample. The infrared spectra of these rehydrogenated samples showed well-resolved OD bands which are resistant to reexchange. The Characteristic bands are discussed and compared with the predicted OH-OD frequency shifts.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1978.070221016
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Potential for the separation of insect pheromones by gas chromatography on columns coated with cholesteryl cinnamate, a liquid-crystal phase (1979)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 2 (1979), S. 712-714 
    Details
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Capillary, glass ; Cholesteric liquid crystal phase ; Separation of geometrical isomers ; Cholesteryl cinnamate ; Insect pheromones ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jhrc.1240021203
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The dynamic behavior of a CSTR: Some comparisons of theory and experiment (1979)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 25 (1979), S. 289-297 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Mathematical methods employed recently in a theoretical study by Uppal et al. (1974) are applied to the second-order homogeneous reaction between sodium thiosulfate and hydrogen peroxide and are combined with experimental investigations of that reaction using a nonadiabatic continuous stirred tank reactor (CSTR). A complete portrayal of the expected behavior of that reaction system is presented in parameter space. Some new experimental studies of reactor instabilities are presented and linked to that portrayal. Close agreement is shown between theoretical predictions and experimental data.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690250211
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    On the statistical sensitivity analysis of models for chemical kinetics (1975)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 21 (1975), S. 441-448 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The differential equations governing the propagation in time of the sensitivity matrix for a mathematical model given by a system of ordinary differential equations are derived. These equations are used to perform a statistical sensitivity analysis of models for chemical reactors. The behavior of the sensitivities at equilibrium is analyzed. It is shown that the sensitivity equations for linear kinetics may be solved using an analytic representation. The numerical solution of these equations is discussed, and illustrative examples are presented. The lognormal distribution is presented as being representative of errors in rate constants.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690210304
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Solutions properties of cellulose triacetate II. Behaviour in binary solvents and temperature dependence of viscosity (1977)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Makromolekulare Chemie 65 (1977), S. 183-195 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-3146
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Die Viskositätszahl von Cellulosetriacetat (CTA) in Mischungen aus Chloroform-Methanol, Chloroform-Butanol, Chloroform-Propanol, Tetrachloräthan-Butanol, Dimethylformamid-Methanol und Nitromethan-Methanol nimmt anfänglich mit steigen-dem Alkoholgehalt zu, um nach Erreichen eines Maximums dann abzufallen, während in Mischungen aus Chloroform-Cyclohexan und Dioxan-Benzol die Werte mit abnehmen-der Lösungskraft steigen. die Polymerkonformation hängt von dem Gehalt an Essigsäure in Polymeren ab. Untersuchungen der Temperaturaturabhängigkeit der Viskosität in reinen und gemischten Löngsmitteln Zeigen, daß sich CTA wie ein steifes Kettenmolekül in der Lösung verhält.
    Notes: The intrinsic viscosity of cellulose triacetate (CTA) in chloroform-methanol, chloroform-butanol, chloroform-propanol, tetrachloroethane-butanol, dimethyl formamide-methanol, and nitromethane-methanol mixtures is found to increase initially with the amounts of alcohols in the mixture, then decreases in each studied system after attaining a maximum value, while in chloroform-cyclohexane and dioxane-benzene systems values are found to decrease with the decreasing solvent power. The type of the polymer conformation in the binary solvents is found to be dependent on the acetic acid content of the polymer. Studies on the temperature dependence of viscosity in pure and mixed solvent systems indicate that CTA behaves as a stiff chain molecule in the solution.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/apmc.1977.050650113
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