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  • 2020-2024  (85)
  • 1930-1934
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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Genome Editing : Current Technology Advances and Applications for Crop Improvement (2022)
    Cham :Springer International Publishing :
    Details
    Keywords: Plant genetics. ; Plant molecular biology. ; Plant biotechnology. ; Agricultural genome mapping. ; Genetics. ; Plant Genetics. ; Plant Molecular Biology. ; Plant Biotechnology. ; Agricultural Genetics. ; Genetics and Genomics.
    Description / Table of Contents: Genome engineering as a tool for enhancing crop traits: Lessons from CRISPR/Cas9 -- Genome editing for food security in vegetable crops -- CRISPR/Cas9-mediated targeted mutagenesis in medicinal plants -- Genome Editing: a review of the challenges and approaches -- Recent advances and application of CRISPR base editors for improvement of various traits in crops -- New Cas endonuclease variants broadening the scope of the CRISPR toolbox -- Multiplexed genome editing in plants using CRISPR/Cas-based endonuclease systems -- Transgene free genome editing in plants -- Genome editing by Ribonucleoprotein based delivery of Cas9 system in plants -- Virus mediated delivery of CRISPR/Cas9 system in plants -- Characterization of gene edited crops via metabolomics -- Genome editing in plants for improvement of resistance in plants against bacterial pathogen -- Improvement of resistance in plants against Insect-pests using genome editing tools -- Applications of gene drive for weeds and pest management using CRISPR/Cas9 system in plants -- Recent trends in targeting genome editing of tomato for abiotic stress tolerance -- Biosafety issue related to genome editing in plants using CRISPR-Cas9 -- Regulatory constraints and differences of Genome edited crops around the globe.
    Abstract: Over the last few decades, various techniques have been developed to alter the properties of plants and animals. While the targeted transfer of recombinant DNA into crop plants remains a valuable tool to achieve a desirable breeding outcome, integration of transgenes into the host genome has been random, which in part, leads to reduced acceptance of GMOs by the general population in some parts of the world. Likewise, methods of induced mutagenesis, such as TILLING, have the disadvantage that many mutations are induced per plant, which has to be removed again by expensive backcrossing. Advances in genome sequencing have provided more and more information on differences between susceptible and resistant varieties, which can now be directly targeted and modified using CRISPR/Cas9 technology. By selecting specific gRNAs occurrence of off-target modifications are comparatively low. ZFNs and TALENs- based approaches required re-engineering a new set of assembled polypeptides for every new target site for each experiment. The difficulty in cloning and protein engineering prevented these tools from being broadly adopted by the scientific community. Compared to these technologies, designing the CRISPR toolbox is much simpler and more flexible. CRISPR/Cas9 is versatile, less expensive and highly efficient. It has become the most widely used technology for genome editing in many organisms. Since its inception as a powerful genome-editing tool in late 2012, this breakthrough technology has completely changed how science is performed. The first few chapters in this book introduce the basic concept, design and implementation of CRISPR/Cas9 for different plant systems. They are followed by in-depth discussions on the legal and bio-safety issues accompanying commercialization and patenting of this emerging technology. Lastly, this book covers emerging areas of new tools and potential applications. We believe readers, novice and expert alike, will benefit from this all-in-one resource on genome editing for crop improvement. Chapter 17 is available open access under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License via link.springer.com.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: X, 345 p. 19 illus., 18 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2022.
    ISBN: 9783031080722
    URL: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-08072-2
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-08072-2
    DDC: 581.35
    Language: English
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    E-BOOKS (AWI ONLY)
  • 2
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    High-Resolution Crustal S-wave Velocity Model and Moho Geometry Beneath the Southeastern Alps: New Insights From the SWATH-D Experiment (2021)
    Frontiers
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-02-07
    Description: We compiled a dataset of continuous recordings from the temporary and permanent seismic networks to compute the high-resolution 3D S-wave velocity model of the Southeastern Alps, the western part of the external Dinarides, and the Friuli and Venetian plains through ambient noise tomography. Part of the dataset is recorded by the SWATH-D temporary network and permanent networks in Italy, Austria, Slovenia and Croatia between October 2017 and July 2018. We computed 4050 vertical component cross-correlations to obtain the empirical Rayleigh wave Green’s functions. The dataset is complemented by adopting 1804 high-quality correlograms from other studies. The fast-marching method for 2D surface wave tomography is applied to the phase velocity dispersion curves in the 2–30 s period band. The resulting local dispersion curves are inverted for 1D S-wave velocity profiles using the non-perturbational and perturbational inversion methods. We assembled the 1D S-wave velocity profiles into a pseudo-3D S-wave velocity model from the surface down to 60 km depth. A range of iso-velocities, representing the crystalline basement depth and the crustal thickness, are determined. We found the average depth over the 2.8–3.0 and 4.1–4.3 km/s iso-velocity ranges to be reasonable representations of the crystalline basement and Moho depths, respectively. The basement depth map shows that the shallower crystalline basement beneath the Schio-Vicenza fault highlights the boundary between the deeper Venetian and Friuli plains to the east and the Po-plain to the west. The estimated Moho depth map displays a thickened crust along the boundary between the Friuli plain and the external Dinarides. It also reveals a N-S narrow corridor of crustal thinning to the east of the junction of Giudicarie and Periadriatic lines, which was not reported by other seismic imaging studies. This corridor of shallower Moho is located beneath the surface outcrop of the Permian magmatic rocks and seems to be connected to the continuation of the Permian magmatism to the deep-seated crust. We compared the shallow crustal velocities and the hypocentral location of the earthquakes in the Southern foothills of the Alps. It revealed that the seismicity mainly occurs in the S-wave velocity range between ∼3.1 and ∼3.6 km/s.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
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    PAPER (OCEANREP)
  • 3
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    Shear wave splitting in the Alpine region (2021)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-02-07
    Description: To constrain seismic anisotropy under and around the Alps in Europe, we study SKS shear wave splitting from the region densely covered by the AlpArray seismic network. We apply a technique based on measuring the splitting intensity, constraining well both the fast orientation and the splitting delay. Four years of teleseismic earthquake data were processed, from 723 temporary and permanent broad-band stations of the AlpArray deployment including ocean-bottom seismometers, providing a spatial coverage that is unprecedented. The technique is applied automatically (without human intervention), and it thus provides a reproducible image of anisotropic structure in and around the Alpine region. As in earlier studies, we observe a coherent rotation of fast axes in the western part of the Alpine chain, and a region of homogeneous fast orientation in the Central Alps. The spatial variation of splitting delay times is particularly interesting though. On one hand, there is a clear positive correlation with Alpine topography, suggesting that part of the seismic anisotropy (deformation) is caused by the Alpine orogeny. On the other hand, anisotropic strength around the mountain chain shows a distinct contrast between the Western and Eastern Alps. This difference is best explained by the more active mantle flow around the Western Alps. The new observational constraints, especially the splitting delay, provide new information on Alpine geodynamics.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
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    PAPER (OCEANREP)
  • 4
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    Seismicity and seismotectonics of the Albstadt Shear Zone in the northern Alpine foreland (2021)
    Copernicus Publications (EGU)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-02-07
    Description: The region around the town Albstadt, SW Germany, was struck by four damaging earthquakes with magnitudes greater than 5 during the last century. These earthquakes occurred along the Albstadt Shear Zone (ASZ), which is characterized by more or less continuous microseismicity. As there are no visible surface ruptures that may be connected to the fault zone, we study its characteristics by its seismicity distribution and faulting pattern. We use the earthquake data of the state earthquake service of Baden-Württemberg from 2011 to 2018 and complement it with additional phase picks beginning in 2016 at the AlpArray and StressTransfer seismic networks in the vicinity of the ASZ. This extended data set is used to determine new minimum 1-D seismic vp and vs velocity models and corresponding station delay times for earthquake relocation. Fault plane solutions are determined for selected events, and the principal stress directions are derived. The minimum 1-D seismic velocity models have a simple and stable layering with increasing velocity with depth in the upper crust. The corresponding station delay times can be explained well by the lateral depth variation of the crystalline basement. The relocated events align about north–south with most of the seismic activity between the towns of Tübingen and Albstadt, east of the 9∘ E meridian. The events can be separated into several subclusters that indicate a segmentation of the ASZ. The majority of the 25 determined fault plane solutions feature an NNE–SSW strike but NNW–SSE-striking fault planes are also observed. The main fault plane associated with the ASZ dips steeply, and the rake indicates mainly sinistral strike-slip, but we also find minor components of normal and reverse faulting. The determined direction of the maximum horizontal stress of 140–149∘ is in good agreement with prior studies. Down to ca. 7–8 km depth SHmax is bigger than SV; below this depth, SV is the main stress component. The direction of SHmax indicates that the stress field in the area of the ASZ is mainly generated by the regional plate driving forces and the Alpine topography.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
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    PAPER (OCEANREP)
  • 5
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    Rapid extraction of short-lived isotopes from a buffer gas cell for use in gas-phase chemistry experiments, Part II: On-line studies with short-lived accelerator-produced radionuclides (2021)
    Elsevier
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-11-01
    Print ISSN: 0168-583X
    Electronic ISSN: 1872-9584
    Topics: Physics
    Published by Elsevier
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    PAPER CURRENT
  • 6
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    Determination of Spatial Scale in Martian Landscape Images Acquired by the Curiosity Rover, and Viewing Image Scale and Target Chemistry Using the ASIC Website (2023)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-07-27
    Description: 〈title xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"〉Abstract〈/title〉〈p xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xml:lang="en"〉In this paper we describe a method to compute spatial scales for images acquired by NASA's Mars Curiosity rover (Mars Science Laboratory, MSL). The method is based on the assumption that the rover stands on an infinite plane that may have any orientation with respect to the local gravity vector. While not new, it is the first time that this method is systematically applied to Martian images acquired by a lander. A continuously run software pipeline processes the images acquired by the rover within a 20 m radius, adds approximate scalebars to the raw images, and generates, whenever possible, rectified (warped) versions of those images. The products of this software pipeline and the chemical compositions of relevant rover science targets from NASA's Planetary Data System archive, are made available to the public via the Approximate Scale for Images and Chemistry website, which has been developed in collaboration with the Planetary Data System Analyst's Notebook for the MSL mission. Hyperlinks connect the two resources.〈/p〉
    Description: Plain Language Summary: We developed a software pipeline that calculates the spatial scale of images acquired by NASA's Mars Curiosity rover. The software pipeline is linked to a new website: the Approximate Scale for Images and Chemistry, in which the scalebar products are paired with information about the shape, size, color, and chemical composition of the imaged site, obtained by the rover suite of instruments. The images mimic the vantage point of human eyes and are therefore well‐suited to inspire field geologists (including those mainly working on Earth) to interpret Martian geologic features.〈/p〉
    Description: Key Points: A systematic method to generate approximate scalebars for obliquely acquired Martian landscape images was developed. A newly created Approximate Scale for Images and Chemistry (ASIC) website links images, color, spatial scale, and chemistry, as returned by NASA's Curiosity rover in Gale crater. The ASIC website is complementary and strongly linked to the Analyst's Notebook, the data resource for Martian/lunar landed missions.
    Description: Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft
    Description: Project DEAL
    Description: https://asic.mps.mpg.de/
    Description: https://an.rsl.wustl.edu/msl/
    Description: http://pds-geosciences.wustl.edu/msl/msl-m-chemcam-libs-4_5-rdr-v1/mslccm_1xxx/data/moc/
    Description: http://pds-geosciences.wustl.edu/msl/msl-m-chemcam-libs-4_5-rdr-v1/mslccm_1xxx/extras/rmi_mosaics/
    Description: http://pds-geosciences.wustl.edu/msl/msl-m-chemcam-libs-4_5-rdr-v1/mslccm_1xxx/extras/rmi_contours_in_mcam_images/
    Description: http://pds-geosciences.wustl.edu/msl/msl-m-apxs-4_5-rdr-v1/mslapx_1xxx/extras/
    Keywords: ddc:523 ; Mars ; Curiosity rover ; images ; spatial scale ; science targets ; chemistry
    Language: English
    Type: doc-type:article
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    CITATION GEO-LEO
  • 7
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    Führung für Mündige : Subsidiarität und Marke als Herausforderungen einer modernen Führung (2021)
    KIT Scientific Publishing
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-12-20
    Description: Auf dem Hintergrund von Organisation und Marke beschäftigt sich der Beitrag mit den Anforderungen an eine moderneFührung aus der Perspektive der unternehmerischen Praxis.
    Keywords: HF5001-6182 ; Dialogische Führung ; Marke ; Führung ; Subsidiaritätsprinzip ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KJ Business & management::KJC Business strategy
    Language: German
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    E-BOOK
  • 8
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    Wirtschaft - das Füreinander-Leisten (2021)
    KIT Scientific Publishing
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-07-05
    Description: Ein nicht zur Erkenntnis gewandeltes Erfahrungswissen ist notwendigerweise ein Wissen aus Vergangenheit. Der Homo Oeconomicus, der den eigenen Vorteil und das eigene Glück verfolgt, ist das innere Bild, an dem sich das Wirtschaften noch heute allzu oft orientiert. Das bloße Für-sich-Leisten kann nicht das einzige Grundprinzip sein, aus dem künftiges Unternehmertum zu entwickeln ist. Jegliche unter dem Prinzip der Arbeitsteiligkeit geleistete Arbeit ist eine Leistung für andere.Dem Unternehmertum kommt die Initialkraft zur Weiterentwicklung der Wirtschaft zu. Der Perspektivenwechsel vom Für-sich-Leisten zum Füreinander-Leisten ist kein leeres Gedankenspiel. Die Menge alle dessen, was heute angeboten wird, haben die Produzenten für die Verbraucher produziert - nicht für sich selbst. Volkswirtschaft ist organisiertes Füreinander-Leisten. Betriebswirtschaft ist das organisierte Miteinander-Füreinander-Leisten. Wenn es geling, das betriebliche Miteinander funktional zu praktizieren, wirkt es ganz von selbst ins Bewusstsein zurück. Die Haltung des Einzelnen zur Arbeit schließt immer auch eine Haltung zum Menschen ein. Die Aufgabe des Unternehmers besteht vor allem darin, in seinen Mitarbeitern den selbstbestimmten Menschen anzusprechen. Die Kultur eines Unternehmens kann unmittelbar zur allgemeinen Kultur fruchtbar beitragen. Sehe ich den Mitarbeiter nur als Kostenfaktor oder ermögliche ich ihm mit der Bezahlung, seinen Beitrag zum Unternehmenserfolg zu leisten? Ein Unternehmen zu führen heißt in erster Linie, Bewusstsein zu führen. Die Ur-Tätigkeit des Unternehmers ist ein ständiges Aufgreifen und Verwandeln. Nur der Eros der selbst ergriffenen Aufgabe kann den Unternehmer beflügeln, etwas aufzugreifen und zu verwandeln: Unternimm dich selbst, unternimm für andere, unternimm die Zukunft.
    Keywords: HF5001-6182 ; Unternehmensgründung
    Language: German
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    E-BOOK
  • 9
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    Perspektiven der Gemeinschaftspolitiken in der erweiterten EU (2021)
    Peter Lang International Academic Publishing Group
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-03-29
    Description: In der Arbeit wird die Frage analysiert, welche Konsequenzen sich aus der Osterweiterung für die zukünftige Ausgestaltung der EU-Politiken ergeben können. Die mit der Erweiterung einhergehende zunehmende Heterogenität der ökonomischen Strukturen innerhalb der Europäischen Union lässt auf eine gleichermaßen zunehmende Pluralität der politischen Interessen der Mitgliedstaaten schließen, so dass in der erweiterten Union unter Umständen andere Interessen dominieren und andere einflussreiche Ländergruppen existieren können als dies in der alten EU der Fall war. Für ausgewählte Politikbereiche zeigt die empirische Analyse, dass sich in der erweiterten Europäischen Union verschiedene Ländergruppen mit relativ heterogenen politischen Interessen gegenüberstehen, wodurch der politische Entscheidungsprozess auf europäischer Ebene durch die Erweiterung aller Voraussicht nach deutlich erschwert werden wird.
    Keywords: Abstimmung ; Entscheidungsprozesse ; erweiterten ; EU-Osterweiterung ; EU-Politiken ; Europa ; Europäische Union ; Gemeinschaftspolitiken ; Mitgliedsstaaten ; Osteuropa ; Parität ; Perspektiven ; Politische Ökonomie ; Zeddies ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JP Politics and government::JPA Political science and theory ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JP Politics and government::JPB Comparative politics ; thema EDItEUR::K Economics, Finance, Business and Management::KC Economics::KCP Political economy
    Language: German
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    E-BOOK
  • 10
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    Humanitarianism in the Modern World (2022)
    Cambridge University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-02
    Description: Takes a fresh look at the history of famine relief and humanitarianism through a novel moral economy approach, drawing on case studies of the Great Irish Famine in the 1840s, the famine in Soviet Russia in 1921–3, and the famine in Ethiopia in the mid-1980s. This book is also available as Open Access on Cambridge Core.
    Keywords: history of humanitarianism ; history of human rights ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHB General and world history ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHT History: specific events and topics::NHTB Social and cultural history ; thema EDItEUR::L Law::LB International law::LBB Public international law::LBBS Public international law: humanitarian law
    Language: English
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    E-BOOK
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