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  • 2020-2023  (396)
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  • 1
    Publication Date: 2022-04-21
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , isiRev
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2022-01-13
    Description: Commission Decision of 25 February 2016 setting up a Scientific, Technical and Economic Committee for Fisheries, C(2016) 1084, OJ C 74, 26.2.2016, p. 4–10. The Commission may consult the group on any matter relating to marine and fisheries biology, fishing gear technology, fisheries economics, fisheries governance, ecosystem effects of fisheries, aquaculture or similar disciplines. . This report is from STECF Expert Working Group 19-16: 2019 stock assessments of demersal stocks in the Adriatic Sea from the meeting in Rome Italy from 14th to 20th October 2019. A total of seven fish species were evaluated for GSA 17, 18 and 19. The EWG reports age based assessments and short term forecasts for all seven stocks. The content of the report gives the STECF terms of reference, the basis of the evaluations and advice, summaries of state of stock and advised based on either the MSY approach for assessed. The report contains the full stock assessment reports for the seven assessments, and three exploratory assessments for deep-water rose shrimp for each GSA separately. Advice for deep-water rose shrimp is based on the combined stock, the report also contains the STECF observations and conclusions on the assessment report. These conclusions come from the STECF Plenary meeting November 2019.
    Description: European Commission
    Description: European Union, Joint Research Centre
    Description: Published
    Description: Refereed
    Keywords: Fish stock assessment ; Modelling ; Management advice ; Fisheries biology ; Fishing gear technology ; Fisheries economics ; Fisheries governance ; Ecosystem effects of fisheries ; MSY
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Report
    Format: 380pp.
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2022-03-21
    Description: In a series of previous studies, we demonstrated that the photodynamic therapy (PDT), as a widely used tool for treatment of glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), also site-specifically opens the blood–brain barrier (BBB) in PDT-dose and age-related manner via reversible disorganization of the tight junction machinery. To develop the effective protocol of PDT-opening of the BBB, here we answer the question of what kind of photosensitizer (PS) is the most effective for the BBB opening. We studied the PDT-opening of the BBB in healthy mice using commercial photosensitizers (PSs) such as 5-aminolevulenic acid (5-ALA), aluminum phthalocyanine disulfonate (AlPcS), zinc phthalocyanine (ZnPc) and new synthetized PSs such as galactose functionalized ZnPc (GalZnPc). The spectrofluorimetric assay of Evans Blue albumin complex (EBAC) leakage and 3-D confocal imaging of FITC-dextran 70 kDa (FITCD) extravasation clearly shows a revisable and dose depended PDT-opening of the BBB to EBAC and FITCD associated with a decrease in presence of tight junction (TJ) in the vascular endothelium. The PDT effects on the BBB permeability, TJ expression and the fluorescent signal from the brain tissues are more pronounced in PDT-GalZnPc vs. PDT-5-ALA/AlPcS/ZnPc. These pre-clinical data are the first important informative platform for an optimization of the PDT protocol in the light of new knowledge about PDT-opening of the BBB for drug brain delivery and for the therapy of brain diseases. View Full-Text
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/article
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2022-03-21
    Description: The blood-brain barrier (BBB) has a significant contribution to the protection of the central nervous system (CNS). However, it also limits the brain drug delivery and thereby complicates the treatment of CNS diseases. The development of safe methods for an effective delivery of medications and nanocarriers to the brain can be a revolutionary step in the overcoming this limitation. Here, we report the unique properties of the lymphatic system to deliver tracers and liposomes to the brain meninges, brain tissues, and glioma in rats. Using a quantum-dot-based 1267 nm laser (for photosensitizer-free generation of singlet oxygen), we clearly demonstrate photostimulation of lymphatic delivery of liposomes to glioma as well as lymphatic clearance of liposomes from the brain. These pilot findings open promising perspectives for photomodulation of lymphatic delivery of drugs and nanocarriers to the brain pathology bypassing the BBB. The lymphatic “smart” delivery of liposomes with antitumor drugs in the new brain tumor branches might be a breakthrough strategy for the therapy of gliomas.
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/article
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 2022-03-21
    Description: The lymphatic system of the brain meninges and head plays a crucial role in the clearance of amyloid-β protein (Aβ), a peptide thought to be pathogenic in Alzheimer’s disease (AD), from the brain. The development of methods to modulate lymphatic clearance of Aβ from the brain coild be a revolutionary step in the therapy of AD. The opening of the blood–brain barrier (OBBB) by focused ultrasound is considered as a possible tool for stimulation of clearance of Aβ from the brain of humans and animals. Here, we propose an alternative method of noninvasive music-induced OBBB that is accompanied by the activation of clearance of fluorescent Aβ (Fαβ) from the mouse brain. Using confocal imaging, fluorescence microscopy, and magnetic resonance tomography, we clearly demonstrate that OBBB by music stimulates the movement of Fαβ and Omniscan in the cerebrospinal fluid and lymphatic clearance of Fαβ from the brain. We propose the extended detrended fluctuation analysis (EDFA) as a promising method for the identification of OBBB markers in the electroencephalographic (EEG) patterns. These pilot results suggest that music-induced OBBB and the EDFA analysis of EEG can be a noninvasive, low-cost, labeling-free, clinical perspective and completely new approach for the treatment and monitoring of AD
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/article
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2022-05-11
    Description: Background: The development of new methods of drug brain delivery is a crucial step for the effective therapy of the brain diseases. Pharma- and acupuncture are the forms of alternative therapy of the brain pathology, including an increase in the permeability of blood-brain barrier. However, the mechanisms of pharma- and acupuncture-mediated effects on the brain physiology remain not fully understood. Results: This pilot study on healthy mice clearly demonstrates the Evans Blue spreading in the mouse head and in the brain via the perivascular spaces (PVSs) of the trigeminal structure and the cribriform plate after the dye injection into the Feng Chi point (Galbladder 20, GB20). Conclusion: These results suggest that pharmacopuncture at GB20 can be a perspective method for brain drug delivery via PVSs.
    Language: English
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/article
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 2022-06-01
    Description: The deposition of amyloid-β (Aβ) in the brain is a risk factor for Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Therefore, new strategies for the stimulation of Aβ clearance from the brain can be useful in preventing AD. Transcranial photostimulation (PS) is considered a promising method for AD therapy. In our previous studies, we clearly demonstrated the PS-mediated stimulation of lymphatic clearing functions, including Aβ removal from the brain. There is increasing evidence that sleep plays an important role in Aβ clearance. Here, we tested our hypothesis that PS at night can stimulate Aβ clearance from the brain more effectively than PS during the day. Our results on healthy mice show that Aβ clearance from the brain occurs faster at night than during wakefulness. The PS course at night improves memory and reduces Aβ accumulation in the brain of AD mice more effectively than the PS course during the day. Our results suggest that night PS is a more promising candidate as an effective method in preventing AD than daytime PS. These data are an important informative platform for the development of new noninvasive and nonpharmacological technologies for AD therapy as well as for preventing Aβ accumulation in the brain of people with disorder of Aβ metabolism, sleep deficit, elderly age, and jet lag.
    Language: English
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/article
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 2022-07-20
    Description: Empirical evidence demonstrates that lakes and reservoirs are warming across the globe. Consequently, there is an increased need to project future changes in lake thermal structure and resulting changes in lake biogeochemistry in order to plan for the likely impacts. Previous studies of the impacts of climate change on lakes have often relied on a single model forced with limited scenario-driven projections of future climate for a relatively small number of lakes. As a result, our understanding of the effects of climate change on lakes is fragmentary, based on scattered studies using different data sources and modelling protocols, and mainly focused on individual lakes or lake regions. This has precluded identification of the main impacts of climate change on lakes at global and regional scales and has likely contributed to the lack of lake water quality considerations in policy-relevant documents, such as the Assessment Reports of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). Here, we describe a simulation protocol developed by the Lake Sector of the Inter-Sectoral Impact Model Intercomparison Project (ISIMIP) for simulating climate change impacts on lakes using an ensemble of lake models and climate change scenarios. The protocol prescribes lake simulations driven by climate forcing from gridded observations and different Earth system models under various Representative Greenhouse Gas Concentration Pathways, all consistently bias-corrected on a 0.5° × 0.5° global grid. In ISIMIP phase 2, 11 lake models were forced with these data to project the thermal structure of 62 well-studied lakes where data were available for calibration under historical conditions, and for nearly 17,500 lakes using uncalibrated models and forcing data from the global grid where lakes are present. In ISIMIP phase 3, this approach was expanded to consider more lakes, more models, and more processes. The ISIMIP Lake Sector is the largest international effort to project future water temperature, thermal structure, and ice phenology of lakes at local and global scales and paves the way for future simulations of the impacts of climate change on water quality and biogeochemistry in lakes.
    Language: English
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/article
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 2022-02-23
    Description: Initiated by the SCAR scientific research programme “Antarctic Thresholds – Ecosystem Resilience and Adaptation” (AnT-ERA, 2013-2021), 26 experts synthesized knowledge on impacts and risks of climate-change on biological processes and ecosystem functions in the Antarctic. The ten main scientific messages that emerged addressed (1) accelerating marine and terrestrial biogeochemical cycles, (2) response to ocean acidification, (3) ecological changes in climate change hot spots, (4) unexpected dynamism of marine seafloor communities, (5) biodiversity shifts, (6) low temperature limitation of protein synthesis, (7) life intrinsically linked to changing sea ice conditions, (8) pollution, (9) genetically distinct terrestrial populations under threat, and (10) newly discovered habitats. Two-thirds of the literature included in this synthesis was published between 2010 and 2020 and only one-third was published earlier. The fast mounting, recent decadal evidence indicates various Antarctic biological communities now experience climate stress, or will experience such stress in the coming decades. The responses of organisms, ecosystem functions and services to environmental changes are complex and varied. Key knowledge gaps remain and need addressing to adequately assess future prospects for life in the Antarctic.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Miscellaneous , notRev
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 2022-01-19
    Description: Mechanically deboned poultry meat is a valuable protein containing raw material widely used for the production of meat products. However, it does not have a high resistance to oxidation; therefore, various antioxidants including those of natural origin are used in its composition. The article provides information on the advisability of using rosemary extract and dihydroquercetin to stabilize lipids and interrupt hydrolytic and chain oxidative processes in mechanically deboned poultry meat. The permissible storage time for mechanically deboned poultry meat using the rosemary extract and dihydroquercetin in a chilled state is 96 hours. Research has been carried out on the oxidative processes of the fatty complex of mechanically deboned poultry meat during the refrigerated storage period. Antioxidants prevent the accumulation of peroxides: in the samples with their use, the peroxide number reaches critical values on 6th–7th day of storage, without their use – on 3th day of storage. For all samples, a gradual increase in the acid number has been observed; however, for samples without antioxidants its values reach a critical level on the 4th day of storage, with the use of antioxidants – on the 7th day. The active formation of secondary oxidation products has begun from the second day of storage and reached the limit of permissible values in samples without antioxidants after 3 days of storage. In samples with antioxidants, the thiobarbituric number reaches a critical value on the 6th day. It has also been shown that the use of antioxidants contributes to the preservation of sensorial indicators (colour, odour) improving the quality of products. The efficiency of using the rosemary extract and dihydroquercetin as inhibitors of the oxidation of mechanically deboned poultry meat has been confirmed.
    Description: Мясо птицы механической обвалки является ценным белковым сырьем, широко используемым для производства мясных продуктов. Однако оно не отличается высокой стойкостью к окислению, для решения этой проблемы используют различные антиоксиданты, в том числе природного происхождения. В статье приведена информация о целесообразности применения экстракта розмарина и дигидрокверцетина для стабилизации липидов и прерывания гидролитических и цепных окислительных процессов в мясе птицы механической обвалки. Допустимые сроки хранения мяса птицы механической обвалки с применением экстракта розмарина и дигидрокверцетина в охлажденном состоянии составили 96 ч. Проведены исследования окислительных процессов жирового комплекса мяса птицы механической обвалки в течение срока хранения в охлажденном состоянии. Антиоксиданты препятствовали накоплению перекисей: в образцах с их применением перекисное число достигло критических значений на 6–7 сутки хранения, без их применения – на 3 сутки. Для всех образцов наблюдалось плавное повышение кислотного числа, однако для образцов без применения антиоксидантов его значения достигли критического уровня на 4 сутки хранения, с применением антиоксидантов – на 7 сутки. Активное образование вторичных продуктов окисления началось со вторых суток хранения и достигло предела допустимых значений в образцах без антиоксидантов после 3 суток хранения. В образцах с антиоксидантами показатель тиабарбитурового числа достиг критического значения на 6 сутки. Доказано, что применение антиоксидантов способствует сохранению органолептических показателей (цвет, запах), что повышает качество продукции. Подтверждена эффективность использования экстракта розмарина и дигидрокверцетина как ингибиторов окисления мяса птицы механической обвалки.
    Description: Published
    Description: Refereed
    Keywords: Mechanically deboned poultry meat ; Dihydroquercetin ; Rosemary extract ; Shelf life ; Мясо птицы механической обвалки ; Дигидрокверцетин ; Экстракт розмарина ; Срок хранения ; Antioxidants ; Антиоксиданты ; Organoleptic properties ; Органолептические показатели ; Rosmarinus officinalis ; ASFA_2015::B::Biotechnology ; ASFA_2015::P::Product improvement ; ASFA_2015::L::Lipids
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution
    Format: pp.396-407
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