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  • 1
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    Relative abundance of antiprotons and antihelium in the primary cosmic radiation (1978)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-17
    Description: The paper reports measurement of the antiproton-to-proton and antihelium-to-helium ratios in the 4-100 GeV/c range. A superconducting magnet spectrophotometer obtained the data during a balloon flight in May 1976. The upper limit value for the antiproton ratio is 0.0005 in the 4.2-12.5 GeV/c range. This value is only slightly higher than the expected value for a leaky box-model and nearly equal to the value expected in the Peter-Westergard model. It is suggested that this upper limit value rules out the closed galaxy model. Upper limit values for the antihelium ratio are 0.000058 in the 4-10 GeV/c range; less than 0.0001 in the 4-33 GeV/c range; and less than 0.01 in the 33-100 GeV/c range. The interpretation of the raw data is explained.
    Keywords: SPACE RADIATION
    Type: Nature; 274; July 13
    Format: text
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  • 2
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    Ames collaborative study of cosmic ray neutrons - Mid-latitude flights (1978)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-17
    Description: Three aircraft flights at 12.5 km have yielded data on cosmic-ray neutron-flux densities, neutron dose equivalent rates, and exposure rates for ionizing radiation. The data, collected at 45, 38, and 48 degrees N, indicate: (1) neutron dose equivalent rates of 0.20, 0.14, and 0.22 mrem/hour, (2) exposure rates from the ionizing component of 0.37, 0.31, and 0.41 mR/hour, (3) that the dose equivalent from 3-13-MeV neutrons is 30% of the total for all neutrons, (4) that exposure rates decrease exponentially with decreasing pressure altitude with a 140 g/sq cm attenuation length at 43 degrees N geomagnetic latitude, and (5) that the ionizing component of cosmic ray secondaries is less sensitive to latitude changes than the neutron component.
    Keywords: SPACE RADIATION
    Type: Health Physics; 34; Apr. 197
    Format: text
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  • 3
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    Ames collaborative study of cosmic-ray neutrons. 2: Low- and mid-latitude flights (1978)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: Progress of the study of cosmic ray neutrons is described. Data obtained aboard flights from Hawaii at altitudes of 41,000 and 45,000 feet, and in the range of geomagnetic latitude 17 N less than or equal to lambda less than or equal to 21 N are reported. Preliminary estimates of neutron spectra are made.
    Keywords: SPACE RADIATION
    Type: NASA-TM-79881 , LBL-6738
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 4
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    The proton and helium rigidity spectra from 10 to 100 GV (1978)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: An airborne superconducting magnet spectrometer was used to obtain measurements on 700,000 protons and 50,000 helium nuclei of rigidity greater than about 4 GV. The rigidity spectra of protons and helium nuclei in the 9-100 GV range are determined. In the cited range, the proton and helium nuclei can be represented by a power law in rigidity, with an index of 2.78 + or - 0.03 and 2.80 + or - 0.03 respectively. An upper limit on H-2/p of 10% at 35 GeV/nucleon is established
    Keywords: SPACE RADIATION
    Type: International Cosmic Ray Conference; Aug 13, 1977 - Aug 26, 1977; Plovdiv; Bulgaria
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  • 5
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    Energy spectrum of medium energy gamma-rays from the galactic center region (1978)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: A balloon-borne magnetic core digitized spark chamber with two assemblies of spark-chambers above and below the scintillation counters was used to measure the medium energy gamma ray flux from the galactic center region. Gamma ray calculations are based on the multiple scattering of the pair electrons in 15 aluminum plates interleaved in the spark chamber modules. Counting rates determined during ascent and at ceiling indicate the presence of diffuse component in this energy range. Preliminary results give an integral flux between 15 and 70 MeV compared to the differential points in other results.
    Keywords: SPACE RADIATION
    Type: NASA-TM-78331 , INPE-1218-PE/122
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 6
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    The proton and helium rigidity spectra from 10 to 50 GV (1978)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: A magnet spectrometer flown from Palestine, Texas, (September 15, 1976) has produced measurements on 150,000 protons and 20,000 helium nuclei covering the rigidity range 10-50 GV. In this interval, the proton spectrum has been fitted to a power law with a spectral index of 2.51 + or - 0.03. Similarly, the helium-nuclei rigidity spectrum can be represented as a power law with an index of 2.61 + or - 0.03.
    Keywords: SPACE RADIATION
    Type: International Cosmic Ray Conference; Aug 13, 1977 - Aug 26, 1977; Plovdiv; Bulgaria
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  • 7
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    High resolution spectroscopy from low altitude satellites (1978)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-17
    Description: The P 78 1 satellite to be placed in a synchronous polar orbit at an altitude of 550-660 km will carry two identical high resolution spectrometers each consisting of a single (approximately 85 cc) intrinsic germanium IGE detector. The payload also includes a pair of phoswitch scintillators, an array of CdTe detectors and several particle detectors, all of which are mounted on the wheel of the satellite. The intrinsic high purity IGE detectors receive cooling from two Stirling cycle refrigerators and facilitate the assembly of large and complex detector arrays planned for the next generation of high sensitivity instruments such as those planned for the gamma ray observatory. The major subsystems of the spectrometer are discussed as well as its capabilities.
    Keywords: SPACE RADIATION
    Type: NASA. Goddard Space Flight Center Gamma Ray Spectry. in Astrophys.; p 529-540
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  • 8
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    The ISEE-C gamma ray burst spectrometer (1978)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-17
    Description: The technical properties, operation, and expected sensitivity are discussed for an experiment intended to search for narrow lines in the spectra of gamma ray bursts during the ISEE-C mission. At the heart of the experiment is a radiatively cooled germanium solid state photon detector. The instrumentation is capable of storing the entire spectrum of all but the largest bursts in the energy range 0.05-6.5 MeV. In addition, it analyzes the signals from two CsI detectors in two other experiments on the spacecraft and records event time histories from these to a few millisecond accuracy. A background mode permits spectral analysis during quiet times and will allow the determination of physically interesting upper limits for narrow lines in the diffuse gamma ray background radiation.
    Keywords: SPACE RADIATION
    Type: Gamma Ray Spectry. in Astrophys.; p 516-528
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  • 9
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    Observations of medium-energy gamma-ray emission from the galactic center region (1978)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-17
    Description: Measurements of the gamma-ray emission in the medium-energy range between 15 and 100 MeV, obtained during two balloon flights from Brazil, are presented. The importance of this energy region in determining whether neutral-pion decay or electron bremsstrahlung is the most likely dominant source mechanism is discussed, along with the implications of such observations. Specifically, the data from this experiment suggest that emission from the galactic plane is similar to the theoretical spectrum calculated by Fichtel et al. (1976), including both source mechanisms but with the bremsstrahlung component enhanced by a factor of about 2. A spectral distribution of gamma-rays produced in the residual atmosphere above the instrument is also presented and compared with other data. A rather smooth spectral variation from high to low energies is found for the atmospheric spectrum.
    Keywords: SPACE RADIATION
    Type: Astrophysical Journal; vol. 225
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  • 10
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    Upper limits on the cyclotron lines from Her X-1 as observed with OSO-8 (1978)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: Observations of Her X-1 were obtained during its ON-state in September, 1977, with the high-energy X-ray detector on board OSO-8. Upper limits on the line fluxes at 60 and 135 keV based on these observations are above, and hence consistent with, the positive results reported by Trumper, et al from a balloon flight during the same time interval. A detailed analysis of the time-variable et al background spectrum suggests that the line emission, especially in the time-averaged spectrum of Her X-1 previously reported by other workers at 25, 60, and 135 keV, is due to instrumental effects. The spectrum obtained with OSO-8 in September, 1977, is considerably steeper than that observed in pre-1976 balloon flights. These results are consistent with the results obtained by Trumper showing a decrease in the effective temperature of Her X-1 between May, 1976, and September, 1977.
    Keywords: SPACE RADIATION
    Type: ma Ray Spectry. In Astrophys.; p 371-385
    Format: text
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