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  • 1
    Publication Date: 1977-01-01
    Print ISSN: 0949-944X
    Electronic ISSN: 1432-041X
    Topics: Biology
    Published by Springer
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 1993-02-01
    Print ISSN: 0949-944X
    Electronic ISSN: 1432-041X
    Topics: Biology
    Published by Springer
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 1973-01-01
    Print ISSN: 0949-944X
    Electronic ISSN: 1432-041X
    Topics: Biology
    Published by Springer
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 1995-03-01
    Print ISSN: 1438-387X
    Electronic ISSN: 1438-3888
    Topics: Biology
    Published by BioMed Central
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Development genes and evolution 183 (1977), S. 233-248 
    ISSN: 1432-041X
    Keywords: Cytoplasmic architecture ; Ultrastructure ; Insect egg ; Pattern formation ; Yolk ; Cytoplasma-Architektur ; Ultrastruktur ; Insekten-Ei ; Musterbildung ; Dotter
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung 1. Das Ei der ZuckmückeSmittia spec. wurde licht- und elektronenmikroskopisch untersucht. Die vorliegende Arbeit beschreibt den Bau des Periplasmas und des Dotter-Endoplasma-Systems vor Bildung der Polzellen. 2. Das Periplasma, nach außen vom Oolemm und einer mehrschichtigen Eihülle begrenzt, besteht aus einer ribosomenreichen cytoplasmatischen Matrix, in die vor allem Mitochondrien und ER-Zisternen, wenig annulate lamellae und gelegentlich Golgi-Apparate eingelagert sind. Mikrotubuli wurden nur selten nachgewiesen. Öfters sind Anhäufungen einer dichten granulierten Substanz zu beobachten, die in ihrer Struktur dem Oosom-Material ähnelt. 3. Das Dotter-Endoplasma-System stellt ein Netzwerk aus Cytoplasma dar, in das Proteid-Dotterkugeln, Lipidtröpfchen sowie Glycogen-Anhäufungen eingelagert sind. Das Endoplasma, das sich zu 3–7 Plasma-Inseln erweitern kann und unmittelbar in das Periplasma übergeht, besteht wie dieses aus einer cytoplasmatischen Matrix und enthält die gleichen Zellelemente wie das Periplasma. Rosettenförmige Membran-Strukturen werden als “nuclear envelope organizing center” gedeutet. 4. Drei der sorgfältig analysierten Eier enthielten je 2 Kerne; sie lagen in Plasma-Inseln in der hinteren Eihälfte. 5. Sowohl im Periplasma wie im Dotter-Endoplasma-System sind alle Zellelemente unregelmäßig verteilt. Eine besondere Anordnung oder Zonierung ist nicht zu erkennen. 6. Die räumliche Verteilung der erfaßten Eikomponenten liefert keine Hinweise auf eine Funktion dieser Komponenten als Determinanten für die embryonale Musterbildung.
    Notes: Summary 1. Eggs of the midgeSmittia were investigated by light microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. This paper describes elements and architecture of periplasm and yolk endoplasm before the formation of pole cells. 2. The periplasm is coated externally by the oolemma and a multilayered egg shell. The periplasm consists of a cytoplasmic matrix rich in ribosomes; it contains mitochondria and ER cisternae, some annulate lamellae and an occasional Golgi complex. Microtubuli were demonstrated only rarely. Accumulations of a dense granulated substance resembling in its structure the oosome material were frequently observed. 3. The yolk endoplasm is a cytoplasmic network embodying proteid yolk particles, lipid droplets and accumulations of glycogen. The endoplasm is continuous with the periplasm and shows the same cell constituents. It may form between 3 and 7 cytoplasmic islands free of yolk particles. Rosette-shaped membranous structures in the yolk endoplasm are interpreted as nuclear envelope organizing centres. 4. Three carefully analysed eggs contained 2 nuclei each. both nuclei were situated in the posterior egg half. 5. Periplasm and yolk endoplasm are characterized by random distribution of cell elements. No zonation or special accumulations could be recognized. 6. The spatial distribution of the egg components studied did not indicate that any of these components could function as a determinant in embryonic pattern formation.
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Development genes and evolution 172 (1973), S. 175-186 
    ISSN: 1432-041X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung 1. Das Ei der ZuckmückeSmittia wurde licht-und elektronenmikroskopisch untersucht. Die vorliegende Arbeit beschreibt den Bau von Vorder-und Hinterpolregion vor Bildung der Polzellen. Diese Regionen wurden wegen ihrer Bedeutung für die Bildung des Segmentmusters und der Polzellen ausgewählt. 2. Das vordere Zytoplasma (Region I) kann in 3 Subregionen gegliedert werden. Eine dünne Außenschicht (Ia), die dem äquatorialen Periplasma (Region II) ähnelt, aber weniger Organellen enthält, bedeckt eine Schicht mit vielen Mitochondrien (Ib). An diese schließt sich ein zentraler Zytoplasmazapfen an (Ic), der von vorn in das Dotter-Endoplasmasystem hineinragt und häufig einen Cytaster ohne Chromatin enthält. 3. Das hintere Zytoplasma (Region III) enthält ein Keimplasma oder Oosom des Typs, der von anderen niederen Dipteren bekannt ist. Es ist linsenförmig und wird von einem 3-di-mensionalen Netzwerk aus elektronendichter Substanz durchzogen. Dieses Material ist vermutlich granulär, kann aber infolge der Anordnung der Grana fibrillär erscheinen. 4. Es wird eine Serie von multivesiculären und lysosomen-artigen Organellen beschrieben, die möglicherweise mit dem Aufoder Abbau des Proteiddotters verknüpft sind. 5. Besondere, auf den Vorderpolbereich beschränkte Strukturen oder Organellen wurden nicht gefunden. Dies könnte bedeuten, daß die Rolle dieser Region bei der UV-induzierten Umsteuerung von Kopf zu Schwanzbildung eher auf Unterschieden in Menge oder Anordnung normaler Zellstrukturen beruht, als auf qualitativen Unterschieden zwischen dem Vorderpolbereich und den übrigen Eiregionen. Qualitative Besonderheiten des Vorderpolbereichs sind jedoch nicht auszuschließen. Der Hinterpolbereich enthält als solche Besonderheit das Oosom.
    Notes: Summary 1. The egg of the Chironomid midgeSmittia spec. has been studied by light and electron microscopy. The present paper describes the fine structure of the anterior and posterior pole regions before pole cell formation. These regions were selected because of their functional involvement in body pattern determination and pole cell formation. 2. In the anterior cytoplasm (region I), 3 subregions can be recognized. A thin outer layer (Ia) which resembles the more equatorial periplasm (region II) but contains fewer organelles, covers a layer rich in mitochondria (Ib). This in turn borders a central cone of cytoplasm (Ic) which protrudes into the anterior face of the yolk endoplasm and frequently contains a cytaster-like structure but no chromatin. 3. The posterior cytoplasm (region III) includes a germ plasm or oosome similar to the type found in other lower dipterans. It is lens-shaped and contains a 3-dimensional network of electron-dense material. This material is probably granular, but may appear fibrous due to the spatial arrangement of the granules. 4. A series of organelles of multivesicular or lysosome-like appearance is described. These may be involved in the formation or utilization of proteid yolk. 5. Special structures or organelles restricted to the anterior pole region were not found. This might indicate that the role of this region in the switch from head formation to tail formation after UV irradiation could be due rather to differences in quantity or arrangement of ubiquitous structures than to qualitative differences between this and other egg regions. However, qualitative singularities cannot be excluded. They are obvious in the posterior pole region which contains the oosome.
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1432-041X
    Keywords: Apis mellifera ; Oogenesis ; Germ-line cells ; Fusomes ; Microfilaments
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Oogenesis is known to be important for embryonic pattern formation. For this reason we have studied the early differentiation of the honeybee ovariole histologically, ultrastructurally, and by staining F-actin with rhodaminyl-phalloidin. At the anterior tip of the ovariole, stem cells are lined up in a single file; they are organelle-poor but contain characteristic electrondense bodies with lysosomal properties. The presence of these bodies in cystocytes as well as prefollicle cells indicates that both cell types may be derived from the apical stem cells. During later stages of oogenesis, the follicle cells differentiate cytologically in different regions of the follicle. The organization of the intercellular bridges between cystocytes derived from a single cystoblast has been studied in detail. The polyfusomes in the intercellular bridges of cystocyte clusters stain with rhodaminyl-phalloidin and hence contain F-actin. Later, when the polyfusomes begin to desintegrate, F-actin rings form which line the rims of the intercellular bridges. Actin might be recruited from conspicuous F-actin stores which were detected in the germ-line cells. The F-actin rings are dissembled some time before the onset of vitellogenesis when the nurse chamber has grown to a length of about 200 μm. At the basal side of the follicle cells (close to the basement membrane facing the haemocdele) parallel microfilament bundles encircle the ovariole. The microfilament bundles which are oriented mostly perpendicular to the long axis of the ovariole were first observed around the zone where the cystocyte divisions occur; after this phase the micro-filament bundles become organized differently in the follicle cells associated with the nurse cells and in the follicular epithelium of the oocyte.
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Cell Differentiation and Development 27 (1989), S. 139 
    ISSN: 0922-3371
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Developmental Biology 46 (1975), S. 216-221 
    ISSN: 0012-1606
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    ISSN: 0012-1606
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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