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  • 1
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    Recent Advances in Remote Sensing for Crop Growth Monitoring (2016)
    Basel, Beijing, Wuhan, Barcelona : MDPI
    Details
    Keywords: remote sensing ; hyperspectral ; crop production ; crop monitoring ; crop mapping ; leaf nitrogen content ; leaf area index ; yield ; spectral indices ; MODIS ; synthetic aperture radar
    Description / Table of Contents: Accurate and timely information of crop growth and conditions is critical for precision farming, crop management, crop yield estimation, crop disaster early warning and mitigation, agricultural production planning, crop commodity trading, and food security decision support. Recent advances in imaging and non-imaging sensor technologies, remote sensing platforms, and satellite data availability have provided new opportunities and challenges, and have resulted in many new investigations and much progress in crop growth monitoring. Ground-based millimeter-level very high spatial resolution hyperspectral imaging, which is acquired from sensors, such as ImSpectorV10E (SpecIm, Spectral Imaging Ltd., Finland) and HySpec VNIR-1600 (Norsk Elektro Optikk, Norway), enables us to discern the within-canopy and within-leaf variation in crop conditions in target fields. Affordable low-weight multispectral/hyperspectral sensors on unmanned aerial systems (UAVs) and/or regular aircrafts have significantly improved the efficiency and effectiveness in monitoring within- and between-field variations in crop growth. The recent very-high-resolution satellite imagery, acquired typically in sub-meter to 5 meter resolution, such as WorldView-2, Pleiades-1, IKONOS, and RapidEye, has brought us into a new phase of remote sensing for precision crop management over large farming areas. The freely available satellite data from sensors, such as MODIS, NPP VIIRS, and Landsat, have greatly facilitated large scale (i.e., regional or even global level) crop growth monitoring.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XX, 386 Seiten)
    Edition: Printed Edition of the Special Issue Published in Remote Sensing
    ISBN: 9783038422273
    URL: http://www.mdpi.com/books/pdfview/book/218
    Language: English
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    E-BOOK
  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An evolvant ofEscherichia coli that employs thel-fucose pathway also for growth onl-galactose andd-arabinose (1986)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular evolution 23 (1986), S. 259-266 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1432
    Keywords: Experimental evolution ; l-Galactose metabolism ; l-Fucose regulon
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary l-Galactose,d-arabinose, andl-fucose form six-membered rings with identical stereoconfigurations. However, onlyl-fucose can serve as the sole carbon and energy source of wild-typeEscherichia coli K-12. A mutant that can grow onl-galactose andd-arabinose was isolated by alternate selection on the two sugars. Thel-fucose pathway became inducible by all three sugars. Transduction into the mutant of the wild-type fuc+ region containing both the regulatory and structural genes abolished the novel growth abilities onl-galactose andd-arabinose, whereas transduction into the mutant of a fuc deletion abolished the growth abilities on all three sugars. Introduction of the wild-type fucR+ (which encodes the activator protein for the fuc regulon) on a multicopy plasmid depressed the growth abilities of the mutant onl-galactose andd-arabinose, but not onl-fucose. The results suggest that the effector specificity of the activator protein in the mutant was broadened. It is proposed that an adaptive response of an activator-controlled system is more likely than that of a repressor-controlled system to achieve fixation in a population, because the first variant to emerge in response to a novel metabolic demand has a good chance of having an altered specificity of regulation. Such a change entails little or no metabolic liability during the absence of the novel substrate. In contrast, the first variant of a negatively controlled system to emerge has an overwhelming chance of being the result of a random mutation that destroys repressor function. Although negatively controlled systems can be more opportunistic in exploiting new conditions than positively controlled systems, an adaptive change is less likely to become fixed because of the cost associated with gratuitous constitutive gene expression in the absence of the substrate.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02115582
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Diels-Alder Reactions of Cyclopropenone Ketals: A Concise Tropolone Annulation Applicable to Rubrolone C Ring Introduction (1994)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    The @journal of organic chemistry 59 (1994), S. 3453-3458 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-6904
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jo00091a040
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The role of the G2 box, a conserved motif in the histidine kinase superfamily, in modulating the function of EnvZ (2002)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Molecular microbiology 45 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2958
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Histidine kinase EnvZ, a transmembrane osmotic sensor for Escherichia coli, is a bifunctional enzyme having OmpR (its cognate response regulator) kinase and phosphorylated OmpR (OmpR-P) phosphatase activities. Its cytoplasmic domain consists of domain A responsible for dimerization of EnvZ, histidine phosphotransfer and phosphatase activities, and domain B responsible for ATP binding. Here, we have constructed a number of substitution mutations at the G2 box, one of the conserved motifs in domain B, and demonstrated that they influence the phosphatase activity of EnvZ over a wide range. The effects of ADP, a cofactor for the phosphatase activity, were found to be substantially different depending upon the mutations. The effects of these mutations were also examined in vivo using a chimeric Tar–EnvZ construct (Taz1-1), and the results agreed with the in vitro data for the phosphatase and kinase activities for all mutations. Using Taz1-1 carrying the T402A mutation, three independent intragenic suppressor mutations (T235M, S269L and E276K) were isolated, and all were found in domain A. Together, the present results demonstrate for the first time that domain A and domain B are functionally co-ordinated and topologi-cally arranged in a specific manner. The G2 box may modulate the interaction between these two domains in response to extracellular osmolarity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2958.2002.03061.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Solution structure of the homodimeric core domain of Escherichia coli histidine kinase EnvZ (1999)
    [s.l.] : Nature America Inc.
    Nature structural biology 6 (1999), S. 729-734 
    Details
    ISSN: 1072-8368
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: [Auszug] Escherichia coli osmosensor EnvZ is a protein histidine kinase that plays a central role in osmoregulation, a cellular adaptation process involving the His-Asp phosphorelay signal transduction system. Dimerization of the transmembrane protein is essential for its autophosphorylation and ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/11495
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mechanical Properties and Creep Behavior of Mg–Al–Ca Alloys (2005)
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Materials science forum Vol. 488-489 (July 2005), p. 763-766 
    Details
    ISSN: 1662-9752
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: This paper investigates the microstructure, mechanical properties and creep behavior of Mg–Al–Ca alloys with different Ca content. SEM and EDAX analyses show that the dominant second phase in the as-cast Mg–Al–Ca alloys is Al2Ca, which distributes at the grain boundaries and disperses in the grain interior as well. Both the elevated tensile strength and the creep resistance of Mg–Al–Ca alloys obviously increased with increasing Ca at high temperature. TEM analyses revealthat finer Al2Ca particles with an average size of 0.02 µm precipitated dynamically during the creep process. Selected area electron diffraction (SAD) patterns show that the dynamic Al2Ca precipitates have a coherent interface with matrix as (0110) Mg // (220) Al2Ca, [2110] Mg // [112] Al2Ca. The strengthening mechanism of Mg–Al–Ca alloys at elevated temperature was discussed
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://www.tib-hannover.de/fulltexts/2011/0528/02/10/transtech_doi~10.4028%252Fwww.scientific.net%252FMSF.488-489.763.pdf
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of a Mg-Zn-Y-Zr Alloy Processed by Thermo-Mechanical Treatment (2005)
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Materials science forum Vol. 488-489 (July 2005), p. 123-126 
    Details
    ISSN: 1662-9752
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Mg92Zn6Y1.5Zr0.5 alloy was extruded at 300, 350, 400 ı. Then, the alloy was aged at 180 ı. The microstructure and mechanical properties of the extruded alloy and aged alloy were investigated. The precipitation behavior of aging process was investigated. The increase of yield strength at room temperature and ultimate strength at elevated temperature after the aging process has been ascribed to the strengthening effect of these precipitates
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://www.tib-hannover.de/fulltexts/2011/0528/02/10/transtech_doi~10.4028%252Fwww.scientific.net%252FMSF.488-489.123.pdf
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of Variable La/Ce Ratio on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Mg-5Al-0.3Mn-1RE Alloys (2005)
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Materials science forum Vol. 488-489 (July 2005), p. 231-234 
    Details
    ISSN: 1662-9752
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Effects of variable La/Ce ratio on microstructure and mechanical properties ofMg-5Al-0.3Mn-1RE alloys were investigated. The results indicated that pure La or pure Ce can improve ultimate strength and yield strength of AM50 effectively without obvious decrease of elongation, and the effect of La is better than that of Ce. However, addition of La and Ce together deteriorates the mechanical properties of AM50, and the valley of mechanical properties mostly appears on La:Ce= 1:1. The existence of coarse skeleton-like phase and less amount of Mg17Al12 phase is responsible for this
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://www.tib-hannover.de/fulltexts/2011/0528/02/10/transtech_doi~10.4028%252Fwww.scientific.net%252FMSF.488-489.231.pdf
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of Triethanolamine on the Performances of the Anodicing Film of AZ31B Magnesium Alloy (2005)
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Materials science forum Vol. 488-489 (July 2005), p. 657-660 
    Details
    ISSN: 1662-9752
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Formation behavior and performances of anodic film grown on AZ31B alloys weresystematically studied in Na2SiO3 system electrolyte with varying triethanolamine (TEA) content. The growth behavior and appearance of anodic film were significantly affected by the TEA content. The film growth speed increased because of the addition of TEA. Whitish gray lubricous barrier-type film were obtained in the electrolyte with TEA. The film density was obviously increased by the addition of TEA. Moreover, the film produced in electrolyte with TEA possessed a high degree ofcorrosion resistance and obviously better than that formed in electrolyte without TEA. EDX analysis indicates that, as the concentration of TEA increased, the contribution of the elements from the base alloy increased
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://www.tib-hannover.de/fulltexts/2011/0528/02/10/transtech_doi~10.4028%252Fwww.scientific.net%252FMSF.488-489.657.pdf
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hot Compression Behavior of Liquidus Casting ZK60 Magnesium Alloy (2005)
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Materials science forum Vol. 488-489 (July 2005), p. 563-566 
    Details
    ISSN: 1662-9752
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://www.tib-hannover.de/fulltexts/2011/0528/02/10/transtech_doi~10.4028%252Fwww.scientific.net%252FMSF.488-489.563.pdf
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