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  • 1
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    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Zhao, X; Dupont, Lydie M; Schefuß, Enno; Meadows, Michael E; Hahn, A; Wefer, Gerold (2016): Holocene vegetation and climate variability in the winter and summer rainfall zones of South Africa. The Holocene, 26(6), 843-857, https://doi.org/10.1177/0959683615622544
    Publication Date: 2023-03-03
    Description: To better understand Holocene vegetation and hydrological changes in South Africa, we analyzed pollen and microcharcoal records of two marine sites GeoB8331 and GeoB8323 from the Namaqualand mudbelt offshore the west coast of South Africa covering the last 9900 and 2200 years, respectively. Our data corroborate findings from literature that climate developments apparently contrast between the summer rainfall zone (SRZ) and winter rainfall zone (WRZ) over the last 9900 years, especially during the early and middle Holocene. During the early Holocene (9900-7800 cal.yr BP), a minimum of grass pollen suggests low summer rainfall in the SRZ, and the initial presence of Renosterveld vegetation indicates relatively wet conditions in the WRZ. Towards the middle Holocene (7800-2400 cal. yr BP), a rather moist savanna/grassland rich in grasses suggests higher summer rainfall in the SRZ resulting from increased austral summer insolation and a decline of fynbos vegetation accompanied by an increasing Succulent Karoo vegetation in the WRZ possibly suggests a southward shift of the Southern Hemisphere westerlies. During the last 2200 years, a trend towards higher aridity was observed for the SRZ, while the climate in the WRZ remained relatively stable. The Little Ice Age (ca. 700-200 cal. yr BP) was rather cool in both rainfall zones and drier in the SRZ while wetter in the WRZ.
    Keywords: Center for Marine Environmental Sciences; MARUM; RAiN; Regional Archives for Integrated iNvestigations
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 8 datasets
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  • 2
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    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Peng, Chao; Zhao, X; Liu, S; Shi, Wei; Han, Yu; Guo, Cheng; Peng, Xin; Chai, Xueliang; Liu, Guangxu (2017): Ocean acidification alters the burrowing behaviour, Ca2+/Mg2+-ATPase activity, metabolism, and gene expression of a bivalve species, Sinonovacula constricta. Marine Ecology Progress Series, 575, 107-117, https://doi.org/10.3354/meps12224
    Publication Date: 2023-05-12
    Description: Although the effect of ocean acidification on fertilization success of marine organisms is increasingly well documented, the underlying mechanisms are not completely understood. The fertilization success of broadcast spawning invertebrates depends on successful sperm-egg collisions, gamete fusion, and standard generation of Ca2+oscillations. Therefore, the realistic effects of future ocean pCO2 levels on these specific aspects of fertilization of Tegillarca granosa were investigated in the present study through sperm velocity trials, fertilization kinetics model analysis, and intracellular Ca2+assays, respectively. Results obtained indicated that ocean acidification significantly reduced the fertilization success of T. granosa, which could be accountable by (i) decreased sperm velocity hence reducing the probability for sperm-egg collisions; (ii) lowered probability of gamete fusion for each gamete collision event; and (iii) disrupted intracellular Ca2+ oscillations.
    Keywords: Alkalinity, total; Alkalinity, total, standard error; Ammonium, excretion; Ammonium, excretion, standard error; Animalia; Aragonite saturation state; Aragonite saturation state, standard error; Behaviour; Benthic animals; Benthos; Bicarbonate ion; Calcite saturation state; Calcite saturation state, standard error; Carbon, inorganic, dissolved; Carbon, inorganic, dissolved, standard error; Carbonate ion; Carbonate system computation flag; Carbon dioxide; Coast and continental shelf; Containers and aquaria (20-1000 L or 〈 1 m**2); Digging depth; Enzyme activity, per protein; EXP; Experiment; Experiment duration; Figure; Fugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Gene expression; Gene expression (incl. proteomics); Gene name; Laboratory experiment; Mollusca; Name; North Pacific; OA-ICC; Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre; Other metabolic rates; Oxygen consumption, per mass; Oxygen consumption, standard error; Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air), standard error; pH; pH, standard error; Registration number of species; Replicate; Respiration; Salinity; Salinity, standard error; Single species; Sinonovacula constricta; Species; Temperate; Temperature, water; Temperature, water, standard error; Treatment; Type; Uniform resource locator/link to reference; Yueqing_Bay
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 3760 data points
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2024-03-15
    Description: Seawater acidification (SA) has been documented to either inhibit, enhance, or result in no effect on marine primary productivity (PP). In order to examine the effects of SA in changing environments, we investigated the influences of SA (a decrease of 0.4 pHtotal units with corresponding CO2 concentrations in the range of 22.0–39.7 µM) on PP through deck-incubation experiments at 101 stations in the Taiwan Strait and the South China Sea, including the continental shelf and slope, as well as the deep-water basin. The daily primary productivities in surface seawater under incident solar radiation ranged from 17–306 µg C/µg Chl a/d, with the responses of PP to SA being region-dependent and the SA-induced changes varying from −88 % (inhibition) to 57 % (enhancement). The SA treatment stimulated PP in surface waters of coastal, estuarine, and shelf waters but suppressed it in the South China Sea basin. Such SA-induced changes in PP were significantly related to in situ pH and solar radiation in surface seawater but negatively related to salinity changes. Our results indicate that phytoplankton cells are more vulnerable to a pH drop in oligotrophic waters. Contrasting responses of phytoplankton productivity in different areas suggest that SA impacts on marine primary productivity are region-dependent and regulated by local environments.
    Keywords: Alkalinity, total; Alkalinity, total, standard deviation; Aragonite saturation state; Bicarbonate ion; Bicarbonate ion, standard deviation; Bottles or small containers/Aquaria (〈20 L); Calcite saturation state; Calculated using CO2SYS; Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010); Carbon, inorganic, dissolved; Carbon, inorganic, dissolved, standard deviation; Carbonate ion; Carbonate ion, standard deviation; Carbonate system computation flag; Carbon dioxide; Carbon dioxide, standard deviation; Change; Chlorophyll a; Coast and continental shelf; Entire community; Fugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Irradiance; Laboratory experiment; LATITUDE; LONGITUDE; North Pacific; OA-ICC; Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre; Open ocean; Partial pressure of carbon dioxide, standard deviation; Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Pelagos; pH; pH, standard deviation; Primary production/Photosynthesis; Primary production of carbon per chlorophyll a; Salinity; Station label; Temperate; Temperature, water; Treatment; Type
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 6363 data points
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2024-04-20
    Description: This sea ice concentration dataset (SIC) was derived from the re-calibrated brightness temperature of the Microwave Radiation Imager (MWRI) sensors. The MWRI sensors are onboard the Chinese second generation of sun-synchronous meteorological satellites, i.e., FY-3A, FY-3B, FY-3C, and FY-3D, which were launched in 2008. The advanced Arctic Radiation and Turbulence Interaction Study Sea Ice (ASI) algorithm involving dynamic tie points was adopted to retrieve this SIC dataset. The MWRI-ASI SIC dataset was projected onto the polar stereographic grid true at 70 degrees at a 12.5-km spatial resolution in the Arctic and Antarctic. The time coverage of this dataset is from 12 November 2010 to 31 December 2019 with a temporary loss of 23 days in the Arctic and 82 days in the Antarctic. The MWRI-ASI SIC dataset is achieved in TIFF format. The data values have specific meanings: '0-100' for the percentage of SIC, '-1' for land, '-2' for the Pole Hole, and 'NoData' for missing data. The accuracy of this dataset was assessed by ship-based observational SIC. A total of 8887 and 3882 samples of SIC observations were used in the Arctic and Antarctic, respectively. The differences between this MWRI SIC and ship-based SIC are concentrated from -20% to 20% with the overall mean absolute deviation of 16.1% in the Arctic and 17.1% in the Antarctic, respectively. The treads of sea ice extent obtained from this MWRI-ASI SIC for both Arctic and Antarctic are consistent with those from the Sea Ice Index provided by the Ocean and Sea Ice Satellite Application Facility Norwegian Meteorological Institute (OSI-SAF) and the NASA National Snow and Ice Data Center (NSIDC). This dataset can be considered as an important backup of sea ice concentration or extent passive microwave products for multidisciplinary studies in the polar regions and beyond.
    Keywords: Antarctic; Arctic; Binary Object; Binary Object (File Size); FengYun-3; File content; Microwave Radiation Imager; sea ice concentration
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 6 data points
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1520-5002
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1520-5002
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1520-5835
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1520-5835
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Macromolecules 26 (1993), S. 6431-6435 
    ISSN: 1520-5835
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    ISSN: 1520-5827
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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