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  • 1
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    Seawater carbonate chemistry and burrowing behaviour, Ca2+/Mg2+-ATPase activity, metabolism, and gene expression of a bivalve species, Sinonovacula constricta
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Peng, Chao; Zhao, X; Liu, S; Shi, Wei; Han, Yu; Guo, Cheng; Peng, Xin; Chai, Xueliang; Liu, Guangxu (2017): Ocean acidification alters the burrowing behaviour, Ca2+/Mg2+-ATPase activity, metabolism, and gene expression of a bivalve species, Sinonovacula constricta. Marine Ecology Progress Series, 575, 107-117, https://doi.org/10.3354/meps12224
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-05-12
    Description: Although the effect of ocean acidification on fertilization success of marine organisms is increasingly well documented, the underlying mechanisms are not completely understood. The fertilization success of broadcast spawning invertebrates depends on successful sperm-egg collisions, gamete fusion, and standard generation of Ca2+oscillations. Therefore, the realistic effects of future ocean pCO2 levels on these specific aspects of fertilization of Tegillarca granosa were investigated in the present study through sperm velocity trials, fertilization kinetics model analysis, and intracellular Ca2+assays, respectively. Results obtained indicated that ocean acidification significantly reduced the fertilization success of T. granosa, which could be accountable by (i) decreased sperm velocity hence reducing the probability for sperm-egg collisions; (ii) lowered probability of gamete fusion for each gamete collision event; and (iii) disrupted intracellular Ca2+ oscillations.
    Keywords: Alkalinity, total; Alkalinity, total, standard error; Ammonium, excretion; Ammonium, excretion, standard error; Animalia; Aragonite saturation state; Aragonite saturation state, standard error; Behaviour; Benthic animals; Benthos; Bicarbonate ion; Calcite saturation state; Calcite saturation state, standard error; Carbon, inorganic, dissolved; Carbon, inorganic, dissolved, standard error; Carbonate ion; Carbonate system computation flag; Carbon dioxide; Coast and continental shelf; Containers and aquaria (20-1000 L or 〈 1 m**2); Digging depth; Enzyme activity, per protein; EXP; Experiment; Experiment duration; Figure; Fugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Gene expression; Gene expression (incl. proteomics); Gene name; Laboratory experiment; Mollusca; Name; North Pacific; OA-ICC; Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre; Other metabolic rates; Oxygen consumption, per mass; Oxygen consumption, standard error; Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air), standard error; pH; pH, standard error; Registration number of species; Replicate; Respiration; Salinity; Salinity, standard error; Single species; Sinonovacula constricta; Species; Temperate; Temperature, water; Temperature, water, standard error; Treatment; Type; Uniform resource locator/link to reference; Yueqing_Bay
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 3760 data points
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 2
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    Ocean acidification weakens the immune response of blood clam through hampering the NF-kappa beta and toll-like receptor pathways (2016)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Liu, Saixi; Shi, Wei; Guo, Cheng; Zhao, Xinguo; Han, Yu; Peng, Chao; Chai, Xueliang; Liu, Guangxu (2016): Ocean acidification weakens the immune response of blood clam through hampering the NF-kappa beta and toll-like receptor pathways. Fish & Shellfish Immunology, 54, 322-327, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fsi.2016.04.030
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-03-15
    Description: The impact of pCO2 driven ocean acidification on marine bivalve immunity remains poorly understood. To date, this impact has only been investigated in a few bivalve species and the underlying molecular mechanism remains unknown. In the present study, the effects of the realistic future ocean pCO2 levels (pH at 8.1, 7.8, and 7.4) on the total number of haemocyte cells (THC), phagocytosis status, blood cell types composition, and expression levels of twelve genes from the NF-kappa beta signaling and toll-like receptor pathways of a typical bottom burrowing bivalve, blood clam (Tegillarca granosa), were investigated. The results obtained showed that while both THC number and phagocytosis frequency were significantly reduced, the percentage of red and basophil granulocytes were significantly decreased and increased, respectively, upon exposure to elevated pCO2. In addition, exposure to pCO2 acidified seawater generally led to a significant down-regulation in the inducer and key response genes of NF-kappa beta signaling and toll-like receptor pathways. The results of the present study revealed that ocean acidification may hamper immune responses of the bivalve T. granosa which subsequently render individuals more susceptible to pathogens attacks such as those from virus and bacteria.
    Keywords: Alkalinity, total; Alkalinity, total, standard error; Animalia; Aragonite saturation state; Aragonite saturation state, standard error; Benthic animals; Benthos; Bicarbonate ion; Brackish waters; Calcite saturation state; Calcite saturation state, standard error; Calculated using CO2SYS; Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010); Carbon, inorganic, dissolved; Carbon, inorganic, dissolved, standard error; Carbonate ion; Carbonate system computation flag; Carbon dioxide; Containers and aquaria (20-1000 L or 〈 1 m**2); Date; Fugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Gene expression (incl. proteomics); Gene name; Growth/Morphology; Height; Height, standard error; Hemocyte count; Hemocyte count, standard error; Immunology/Self-protection; Laboratory experiment; Mollusca; mRNA gene expression, relative; mRNA gene expression, relative, standard error; North Pacific; OA-ICC; Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre; Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air), standard error; Percentage; Percentage, standard error; pH; pH, standard error; Phagocytosis rate; Phagocytosis rate, standard error; Potentiometric; Potentiometric titration; Registration number of species; Salinity; Salinity, standard error; Single species; Species; Tegillarca granosa; Temperate; Temperature, water; Temperature, water, standard error; Tissues; Treatment; Type; Uniform resource locator/link to reference
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 1503 data points
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 3
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    The effect of sediment grain properties and porewater flow on microbial abundance and respiration in permeable sediments (2020)
    In:  EPIC3Scientific Reports, 10(1), ISSN: 2045-2322
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-03-02
    Description: Sandy sediments cover 50–60% of the continental shelves and are highly efficient bioreactors in which organic carbon is remineralized and inorganic nitrogen is reduced to N2. As such they seem to play an important role, buffering the open ocean from anthropogenic nitrogen inputs and likely remineralizing the vast amounts of organic matter formed in the highly productive surface waters. To date however, little is known about the interrelation between porewater transport, grain properties and microbial colonization and the consequences for remineralization rates in sandy sediments. To constrain the effect of theses factors on remineralization in silicate sands, we incubated North Sea sediments in flow-through reactors after separating into five different grain size fractions. Bulk sediment and sediment grain properties were measured along with microbial colonization and cell abundances, oxygen consumption and denitrification rates. Volumetric oxygen consumption ranged from 14 to 77 µmol O2 l−1 h−1 while nitrogen-loss via denitrification was between 3.7 and 8.4 µmol N l−1 h−1. Oxygen consumption and denitrification rates were linearly correlated to the microbial cell abundances, which ranged from 2.9 to 5.4·108 cells cm−3. We found, that cell abundance and consumption rates in sandy sediments are influenced (i) by the surface area available for microbial colonization and (ii) by the exposure of these surfaces to the solute-supplying porewater flow. While protective structures such as cracks and depressions promote microbial colonization, the oxygen demand is only met by good ventilation of these structures, which is supported by a high sphericity of the grains. Based on our results, spherical sand grains with small depressions, i.e. golf ball like structures, provide the optimal supporting mineral structure for microorganisms on continental shelves.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , isiRev
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    INTEGRATED ANALYSIS FOR ACID RAIN IN ASIA: Policy Implications and Results of RAINS-ASIA Model1 (2000)
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Environment and Resources 25 (2000), S. 339-375 
    Details
    ISSN: 1056-3466
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Abstract Fossil fuels account for about 80% of energy consumption in Asia. Because of its abundance and easy recoverability, especially in India and China, coal will remain the fuel of choice in the foreseeable future. If current trends continue, sulfur dioxide emissions from Asia may soon equal the emissions from North America and Europe combined. These trends portend a variety of local, regional, and global environmental impacts. Acid rain damages human health, ecosystems, and built surfaces. Many ecosystems will be unable to absorb these increased acidic depositions, leading to irreversible ecosystem damage with far-reaching implications for health, forestry, agriculture, fisheries, and tourism. RAINS-ASIA is a scenario-generating tool used to estimate the extent of damages caused by acid rain and to review the costs and impacts of alternatives to provide a look into the future. Its use extends from national-, regional-, and city-scale evaluation and inputs for cost-effective options analyses, to international negotiations on transboundary pollution.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.energy.25.1.339
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Food Security in Asia (1997)
    Oxford, UK and Boston, USA : Blackwell Publishers Ltd
    Asian Pacific economic literature 11 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1467-8411
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Rapid economic and agricultural sector growth have enhanced greatly food security in Asia during the past three decades. Most studies suggest this positive trend will continue into the next century. This paper reviews past trends and future prospects in access and availability of food in Asia at the national level. The paper concludes that the positive overall trend in increased food security relies on the capacity of Asian economies to address several key policy issues, including sustained economic growth, population pressure, structural changes in domestic economies, shifts in international comparative advantage, technological changes, developments in the domestic and international food markets, and environmental sustainability. The paper identifies cost-effective ways to increase food security in light of these issues and suggests that Asia’s food security can be maintained only if international and domestic policies, institutional frameworks, and public expenditure patterns are conducive to cost–effective and sustainable agriculture development.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1467-8411.00001
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fuzzy Modeling of Mechanical Properties of Cobalt-Free Maraging Steel (2005)
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Materials science forum Vol. 475-479 (Jan. 2005), p. 3311-3314 
    Details
    ISSN: 1662-9752
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://www.tib-hannover.de/fulltexts/2011/0528/02/09/transtech_doi~10.4028%252Fwww.scientific.net%252FMSF.475-479.3311.pdf
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Influence of Nowonty Phase on the Fracture Toughness of SiC/MoSi〈sub〉2〈/sub〉 Composites (2007)
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Key engineering materials Vol. 353-358 (Sept. 2007), p. 1326-1329 
    Details
    ISSN: 1013-9826
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: MoSi2-SiC precursor powder has been synthesized via the mechanical alloy method withthe elements Mo, Si and C powder. The SiC/MoSi2 composites with different SiC volume fractionhave been prepared by reactive hot-pressing the precursor powder at 1350 ºC. There is a significantincrease in the fracture toughness due to addition of SiC reinforcement. However, the intermediaryternary phase exists in this system—namely, Mo5Si3C, Nowotny phase, which has negative effect onthe fracture toughness, and can be eliminated through high temperature treatment at 1600 ºC for 2 hrs
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://www.tib-hannover.de/fulltexts/2011/0528/01/55/transtech_doi~10.4028%252Fwww.scientific.net%252FKEM.353-358.1326.pdf
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Improvement of Corrosion Resistant for the Cf/Al Composites by Ni-P Coatings (2007)
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Key engineering materials Vol. 353-358 (Sept. 2007), p. 1675-1678 
    Details
    ISSN: 1013-9826
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Improved corrosion resistance of carbon fiber reinforced aluminum (Cf/Al) matrixcomposites can be achieved by applying appropriate coatings, and the electroless platingnickel-phosphor (Ni-P) coatings on the Cf/Al composites was provided in this paper. It has beenfounded that the pretreatment with zinc dipping solution for the electroless plating Ni-P can beapproved perfect coatings on the Cf/Al composites. The EDS lines scanning results that the lengthof Ni-P coating is about 12 +m. In zinc dipping bath, matrix Al alloy surface could catch hold ofaction points for depositing Ni-P with substitution reaction, however, carbon fibers surface onlyhave adsorption action points from zinc dipping bath, then, Ni-P alloys could deposit on the Alsurface or carbon fibers. The uncoated and coated composites samples immersed in 3.5 wt % NaClsolution to contrast. The pitting corrosion behavior of the uncoated composites destroyed materials,therefore, the coated sample appeared pitting only on the surface. The corrosion resistancemechanisms of Ni-P coatings came from inhabiting the formation of the classical galvanic corrosion,additionally, the Ni-P coating was amorphous structure, there was not grains boundary which issensitive for the corrosion reaction, so the corrosion resistant of Cf/Al composites were improved
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://www.tib-hannover.de/fulltexts/2011/0528/01/55/transtech_doi~10.4028%252Fwww.scientific.net%252FKEM.353-358.1675.pdf
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  • 9
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    Structural insights into the sequence-specific recognition of Piwi by Drosophila Papi (2018)
    National Academy of Sciences
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-03-12
    Description: The Tudor domain-containing (Tdrd) family proteins play a critical role in transposon silencing in animal gonads by recognizing the symmetrically dimethylated arginine (sDMA) on the (G/A)R motif of the N-terminal of PIWI family proteins via the eTud domains. Papi, also known as “Tdrd2,” is involved in Zucchini-mediated PIWI-interacting RNA (piRNA) 3′-end maturation. Intriguingly, a recent study showed that, in papi mutant flies, only Piwi-bound piRNAs increased in length, and not Ago3-bound or Aub-bound piRNAs. However, the molecular and structural basis of the Papi–Piwi complex is still not fully understood, which limits mechanistic understanding of the function of Papi in piRNA biogenesis. In the present study, we determined the crystal structures of Papi-eTud in the apo form and in complex with a peptide containing unmethylated or dimethylated R10 residues. Structural and biochemical analysis showed that the Papi interaction region on the Drosophila Piwi contains an RGRRR motif (R7–R11) distinct from the consensus (G/A)R motif recognized by canonical eTud. Mass spectrometry results indicated that Piwi is the major binding partner of Papi in vivo. The papi mutant flies suffered from both fertility and transposon-silencing defects, supporting the important role conferred to Papi in piRNA 3′ processing through direct interaction with Piwi proteins.
    Print ISSN: 0027-8424
    Electronic ISSN: 1091-6490
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General
    Published by National Academy of Sciences
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  • 10
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    Robust extraction of the proton charge radius from electron-proton scattering data (2018)
    American Physical Society
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-08-21
    Print ISSN: 2469-9985
    Electronic ISSN: 2469-9993
    Topics: Physics
    Published by American Physical Society
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