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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    VAM association in the shrub Myrica cerifera on a Virginia, USA barrier island (1995)
    Springer
    Mycorrhiza 5 (1995), S. 423-429 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1890
    Keywords: Key words Barrier island ; Actinorhizal ; Vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizae (VAM) ; Myrica cerifera ; Shrub thicket
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  A combined laboratory and field study examined the potential for a symbiotic association between the actinorhizal shrub Myrica cerifera and vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizal (VAM) fungi on a Virginia barrier island. M. cerifera seedlings and two test species, Zea mays and Strophostyles umbellata, were grown in an environmental chamber on soils collected from four sites differing in soil age (〈5 to over 130 years), salinity (1–35 μg/g total soil chloride), and edaphic characteristics. Seedling root infection was significantly lower for all three species in the youngest soils from the beach where salinity was highest. Stained M. cerifera roots revealed all the components for a functional VAM association; however, there were significantly fewer arbuscules and vesicles relative to the test species. Among field-collected M. cerifera, infection was not detected in mature shrubs from the bay side of the island, where M. cerifera thickets were in a state of degeneration. Infection was highest in soils from the young, developing thickets, and in the most stable thickets of the island interior. Despite the dynamic nature of the barrier island environment, VAM associations with M. cerifera appear to be present, especially in seedlings and developing shrub thickets.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00213443
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Metabolic alkalosis during immobilization in monkeys (M. nemestrina) (1983)
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 35 (1983), S. 472-476 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Keywords: Immobilization ; Metabolic alkalosis ; Renal acid excretion
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics
    Notes: Summary We studied the systemic and renal acid—base response of monkeys during ten weeks of immobilization. By three weeks of immobilization, arterial pH and bicarbonate concentrations were elevated (chronic metabolic alkalosis). Net urinary acid excretion increased in immobilized animals. Urinary bicarbonate excretion decreased during the first three weeks of immobilization, and then returned to control levels. Sustained increases in urinary ammonium excretion were seen throughout the time duration of immobilization. Neither potassium depletion nor hypokalemia was observed. Most parameters returned promptly to the normal range during the first week of recovery. Factors tentatively associated with changes in acid—base status of monkeys include contraction of extracellular fluid volume, retention of bicarbonate, increased acid excretion, and possible participation of extrarenal buffers.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02405079
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Radiographic evidence of disuse osteoporosis in the monkey (M. nemestrina) (1981)
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 33 (1981), S. 631-639 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Keywords: Bone ; Osteopenia ; Noninvasive monitoring
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics
    Notes: Summary Radiological techniques were utilized for monitoring progressive changes in compact bone in the tibia of monkeys during experimentally induced osteopenia. Bone mass loss in the tibia during restraint was evaluated from radiographs, from bone mineral analysis, and from images reconstructed from gamma ray computerized tomography. The losses during 6 months of restraint tended to occur predominantly in the proximal tibia and were characterized by subperiosteal bone loss, intracortical striations, and scalloped endosteal surfaces. Bone mineral content in the cross section of the tibia declined 17–21%. Tomography demonstrated endosteal widening and reduced mineral content per unit of thickness of cortical bone. In 6 months of recovery, the mineral content of the proximal tibia remained depressed. Effects of the dynamic environment on local-regional changes in various skeletal areas are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02409501
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Training and industrial relations—a broader perspective (1972)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Industrial relations journal 3 (1972), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-2338
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: An analysis of the assumptions underlying the traditional approaches to training demonstrates their inadequacy when it comes to the development of training in an industrial relations context. By taking a broader approach, however, suitable training strategies and methods can be developed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2338.1972.tb00097.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Design and Implementation of the River Sheaf Comprehensive Flood-Alleviation Scheme (1992)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Water and environment journal 6 (1992), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1747-6593
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: The River Sheaf Comprehensive Flood-Alleviation Scheme is a flood-defence scheme promoted by the Yorkshire Region of the National Rivers Authority. The scheme will improve 5.2 km of main river from a 1-in-5 year standard to a 1-in-50 standard at an overall cost of £3.1 million over the next four years. The hydrological, hydraulic and benefit/cost analyses have been carried out by the National Rivers Authority. Balfour Maunsell were commissioned to carry out the detailed structural design, prepare and administer contracts and supervise construction. The paper covers the preliminary design work and the detailed design of Phase I of the scheme.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1747-6593.1992.tb00734.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Manganese-54 and Zinc-65 in Coastal Organisms of California (1963)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 200 (1963), S. 327-329 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] IT has been estimated1 that 855 curies of zinc-65 enter the Pacific each day at the mouth of the Columbia River along with other nuclides arising from activation of cooling water constituents at Hanford. Osterberg2'3 and others1 have reported extensively on concentrations of zinc-65 in marine ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/200327a0
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Role of oxygen in defect-related breakdown in thin SiO2 films on Si (100) (1987)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 61 (1987), S. 4584-4588 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The influence of annealing in vacuum and in controlled low-pressure oxygen ambient on breakdown characteristics of thin (∼500 A(ring)) SiO2 films on Si (100) has been studied under ultrahigh vacuum conditions for temperatures 750–900 °C and controlled O2 partial pressures in the range 10−6–5×10−2 Torr. Dark current-voltage measurements on Al-gate capacitors show that vacuum annealing causes low-field self-healing breakdown by the formation of local defects in the oxide. This degradation of breakdown characteristics is suppressed by the presence of sufficient O2 in the annealing ambient, such that the O2 partial pressure must exceed the SiO equilibrium partial pressure by a factor of ∼100×. This behavior suggests that low-field breakdown is a consequence of oxide decomposition (Si+SiO2→2SiO↑) at defects in the oxide, which is suppressed by reoxidation of the volatile SiO reaction product.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.338365
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hole trapping in SiO2 films annealed in low-pressure oxygen atmosphere (1987)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 62 (1987), S. 925-930 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The generation of hole traps in thermal SiO2 films on Si(100) has been characterized as a function of O2 partial pressure in the annealing ambient in order to address the chemistry associated with the hole traps. The annealing treatments were carried out in ultrahigh vacuum (base pressure∼5×10−9 Torr) without and with the presence of an intentional (controlled) partial pressure of O2 in the range 10−6–5×10−2 Torr. Hole trapping was characterized using the avalanche injection technique. Annealing in vacuum results in an increased hole trapping rate similar to that observed for high-temperature (T〉900 °C) furnace annealing in N2. The hole trapping is reduced upon annealing in O2 containing ambients if the O2 partial pressure exceeds the SiO vapor pressure by at least one order of magnitude. Thus, the presence of sufficient O2 in the postoxidation annealing process suppresses hole trapping. These results appear analogous to the reduction in low-field breakdown when O2 is present, as recently reported. In both cases, it is likely that the O2 serves to reoxidize a defect related SiO product which is generated by Si-SiO2 reaction at the interface.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.339702
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Measurements of hydrogen in metal-oxide-semiconductor structures using nuclear reaction profiling (1988)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 63 (1988), S. 2291-2298 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We report depth profiles of the hydrogen concentrations in metal-oxide-semiconductor structures measured using the nuclear reaction profiling technique with a 6.4-MeV 15N beam. In both conventionally grown and ultra-dry thermal oxide samples with aluminum or gold gate metal, a peak of hydrogen concentration is observed at the metal/SiO2 interface. The amount of hydrogen at this interface varied from sample to sample in the range 2–6×1015 H/cm2, which was at least 20 times as much as in the SiO2 layers. By continued irradiation with the measuring beam, most of this hydrogen was detrapped from the metal/SiO2 interface and diffused into the SiO2. The detrapping occurred much more rapidly in samples made with Al metallization than in Au gate or unmetallized samples. The data can be fitted by a model in which hydrogen is detrapped from the metal/SiO2 interface by the beam, then diffuses into the SiO2. Redistribution of hydrogen was found to continue until it was uniformly distributed throughout the SiO2, with a residual peak of strongly trapped hydrogen remaining at the metal/SiO2 boundary. At the same time the concentration of hydrogen in the SiO2 increased from an initial low level to about 4×1020 cm−3, depending on the amount of hydrogen initially at the Al/SiO2 interface.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.341043
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Long-lived γ-Ray Emitting Nuclide Silver-108m found in Pacific Marine Organisms and used for Dating (1970)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 227 (1970), S. 941-943 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] The short-lived (253 days) 110mAg was determined in 1964 (ref. 2); on the other hand, a recently installed two-dimensional y-ray spectrometer of a type developed by the Hanford group3 was used for measuring 108mAg. Table 1 lists the activities of 108mAg found in samples of squid, mussel, lobster, ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/227941a0
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