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  • 1
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    Anisotropic internal thermal stress in sea ice from the Canadian Arctic Archipelago (2015)
    Wiley
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-06-20
    Description: Results from an Ice Stress Buoy deployed near the center of a multiyear floe in the Viscount Melville Sound of the Canadian Arctic Archipelago between 10 October 2010 and 17 August 2011 are presented. The position record indicates the landlocked season was approximately 5 months, from 18 January to 22 June, when the sea ice was fast to Melville Island and Victoria Island. Thermal stresses (ranging from -84 to 66 kPa) dominate the internal stress record, with only a few dynamic stress events (∼50 kPa) recorded before the landlocked season. Intriguingly, the thermal stresses are isotropic before the landlocked ice onset and anisotropic during the landlocked season. Two possible causes to explain anisotropy in thermal stresses are considered: preferred c-axis alignment of the ice crystal, and land confinement associated with the nearby coastline. The orientation of the principal stresses indicates that land confinement is responsible for the anisotropy. The stress record also clearly shows the presence of residual compressive stresses at the melt onset, suggesting a viscous creep relaxation time constant of several days. Finally, results show an interesting reversal in the sign of the correlation (from negative to positive) between surface air temperature and thermal stress after the onset of surface melt. We attribute this to the onset of water infiltration within sea ice after which colder night temperature leads to re-freezing and compressive stresses. To the best of the authors' knowledge, this is the first time that anisotropic thermal stresses have been reported in sea ice. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
    Print ISSN: 0148-0227
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Published by Wiley on behalf of American Geophysical Union (AGU).
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  • 2
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    A 1.5D anisotropic sigma-coordinate thermal stress model of landlocked sea ice in the Canadian Arctic Archipelago (2015)
    Wiley
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-11-20
    Description: We present a 1.5D thermal stress model that takes into account the effect of land confinement, which causes anisotropy in thermal stresses. To this end, we fix the total strain in the direction perpendicular to the coastline to its value at landlocked ice onset. This prevents thermal expansion in the direction perpendicular to the coastline and therefore induces larger thermal stresses in this direction. The simulated stresses best match the observations, when a Young's Modulus of 0.5 GPa and a relaxation time constant of 8 days are used. This simulation gives root mean square errors of 13.0 kPa and 13.1 kPa (∼15%) in the major and minor principal stresses, respectively. The simulated anisotropic component of thermal stress also generally agrees with observations. The optimal Young's Modulus is in the low range of reported values in the literature and the optimal relaxation time constant (8 days) is larger than the largest relaxation time constant reported in the literature (5 days). A series of experiments are done to examine the model sensitivity to vertical resolution, snow cover, and the parameterizations of Young's Modulus and viscous creep. Results show that a minimum of one and three layers in the snow and ice, respectively, is required to simulate the thermal stresses within 15% error of the value assessed with the higher resolution control simulation. This highlights the importance of resolving the internal snow and ice vertical temperature profile in order to properly model the thermal stresses of sea ice. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
    Print ISSN: 0148-0227
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Published by Wiley on behalf of American Geophysical Union (AGU).
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  • 3
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    Binding of neuroligins to PSD-95 (1997)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1997-09-05
    Description: PSD-95 is a component of postsynaptic densities in central synapses. It contains three PDZ domains that localize N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor subunit 2 (NMDA2 receptor) and K+ channels to synapses. In mouse forebrain, PSD-95 bound to the cytoplasmic COOH-termini of neuroligins, which are neuronal cell adhesion molecules that interact with beta-neurexins and form intercellular junctions. Neuroligins bind to the third PDZ domain of PSD-95, whereas NMDA2 receptors and K+ channels interact with the first and second PDZ domains. Thus different PDZ domains of PSD-95 are specialized for distinct functions. PSD-95 may recruit ion channels and neurotransmitter receptors to intercellular junctions formed between neurons by neuroligins and beta-neurexins.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Irie, M -- Hata, Y -- Takeuchi, M -- Ichtchenko, K -- Toyoda, A -- Hirao, K -- Takai, Y -- Rosahl, T W -- Sudhof, T C -- R01-MH52804/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1997 Sep 5;277(5331):1511-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Takai Biotimer Project, ERATO, Japan Science and Technology Corporation, 2-2-10, Murotani, Nishi-ku, Kobe, 651-22, Japan.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9278515" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; COS Cells ; *Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinases ; Cell Adhesion Molecules, Neuronal ; Cell Line ; Cell Membrane/metabolism ; Cytoplasm/metabolism ; Guanylate Kinase ; Intercellular Junctions/metabolism ; Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins ; Membrane Proteins/chemistry/*metabolism ; Mice ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Nerve Tissue Proteins/chemistry/*metabolism ; Neurons/*metabolism ; Nucleoside-Phosphate Kinase/metabolism ; Potassium Channels/metabolism ; Prosencephalon/*metabolism ; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate/metabolism ; Recombinant Fusion Proteins/metabolism ; Tumor Suppressor Proteins
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 4
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    Control of thalamocortical afferent rearrangement by postsynaptic activity in developing visual cortex (1994)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1994-09-16
    Description: The formation of specific connections in the developing central nervous system is thought to result from mechanisms that increase the strengths of synapses at which pre- and postsynaptic activity are correlated and decrease it otherwise. In the visual cortex, initially widespread inputs normally sort out into eye-specific patches during early life. If only one eye can see during this period, its patches are much larger than normal, and patches from the occluded eye become much smaller. Anatomical experiments here show that closed-eye inputs expand within a region of cortex that is silenced, establishing that inhibition of common target cells gives less active inputs a competitive advantage.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hata, Y -- Stryker, M P -- EY02874/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- R01 EY002874/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1994 Sep 16;265(5179):1732-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉W. M. Keck Center for Integrative Neuroscience, Department of Physiology, University of California, San Francisco 94143-0444.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8085163" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Brain Mapping ; Cats ; Geniculate Bodies/anatomy & histology/physiology ; Muscimol/pharmacology ; Neuronal Plasticity ; Synapses/*physiology ; Thalamus/anatomy & histology/growth & development/*physiology ; Visual Cortex/anatomy & histology/growth & development/*physiology ; Visual Pathways/*physiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 5
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    Change in the microstructure and mechanical properties of drawn pearlitic steel with low-temperature aging (2017)
    Institute of Physics (IOP)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-08-01
    Description: Hydrogen embrittlement is a serious problem in high-strength steels. Drawn pearlitic steel shows excellent resistance to hydrogen embrittlement despite its high strength, and aging treatment at a low temperature can simultaneously improve its strength and hydrogen-embrittlement resistance. To clarify the mechanism for this we have used thermal desorption analysis (TDA) and the newly developed precession electron diffraction analysis method in the transmission electron microscope. After aging at 100 °C for 10 min, the amount of hydrogen seen amount on the TDA curve reduced at around 100 °C. In contrast, when aging was performed at 300 °C, the hydrogen amount further reduced at around 100 °C and the unevenly deformed lamellar ferrite zone was locally recovered. For the samples that were aged at the low temperature, we confirmed that their yield strength and relaxation stress ratios increased simultaneously with improvement in the hydrogen-embrittlement property. We infer that segr...
    Print ISSN: 1757-8981
    Electronic ISSN: 1757-899X
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Published by Institute of Physics (IOP)
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  • 6
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    Establishment of a hyper-protein production system in submerged Aspergillus oryzae culture under tyrosinase-encoding gene ( melO ) promoter control (2001)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 2001-10-01
    Print ISSN: 0175-7598
    Electronic ISSN: 1432-0614
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Published by Springer
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  • 7
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    Single-cell bioluminescence imaging of deep tissue in freely moving animals (2018)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    In: Science
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-02-23
    Description: Bioluminescence is a natural light source based on luciferase catalysis of its substrate luciferin. We performed directed evolution on firefly luciferase using a red-shifted and highly deliverable luciferin analog to establish AkaBLI, an all-engineered bioluminescence in vivo imaging system. AkaBLI produced emissions in vivo that were brighter by a factor of 100 to 1000 than conventional systems, allowing noninvasive visualization of single cells deep inside freely moving animals. Single tumorigenic cells trapped in the mouse lung vasculature could be visualized. In the mouse brain, genetic labeling with neural activity sensors allowed tracking of small clusters of hippocampal neurons activated by novel environments. In a marmoset, we recorded video-rate bioluminescence from neurons in the striatum, a deep brain area, for more than 1 year. AkaBLI is therefore a bioengineered light source to spur unprecedented scientific, medical, and industrial applications.
    Keywords: Cell Biology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fragmentation reaction of ylides. III. New synthetic route for exomethylenes (1973)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Journal of the American Chemical Society 95 (1973), S. 8450-8452 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-5126
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ja00806a044
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fragmentation reaction of ylide. 5. A new metabolic reaction of aziridine derivatives (1976)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Journal of the American Chemical Society 98 (1976), S. 6033-6036 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-5126
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ja00435a042
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Killing of marine phytoplankton by a gliding bacterium Cytophaga sp., isolated from the coastal sea of Japan (1993)
    Springer
    Marine biology 116 (1993), S. 527-532 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract A marine gliding bacterium Cytophaga sp. (strain J18/M01) was isolated from Harima-Nada, eastern Seto Inland Sea, Japan in 1990. This bacterium preys upon various species of marine phytoplankton. All of the five raphidophycean flagellates, all of the four diatoms, and one of the two dinoflagellates examined were killed within a few days when cultured with the bacterium. The bacterium presumably achieves this by direct attack, because the culture filtrate in which host organisms were totally destroyed had no significant effects on the growth of the same host organism (Chattonella antiqua). If one or a few bacterial cells were inoculated into C. antiqua culture, all of the host organisms were killed. The bacterium proliferated in filter-sterilized seawater, suggesting its ubiquitous existence in the coastal sea. The killing of phytoplankton by bacteria such as Cytophaga sp. J18/M01 may be a significant factor influencing the population dynamics of phytoplankton in nature and may contribute to the sudden disappearance of red tides in the coastal sea. Bacterial destruction of phytoplankton may also be a factor that regulates primary productivity in marine ecosystems.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00355470
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