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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Purification and characterization of a .gamma.-like DNA polymerase from Chlamydomonas reinhardtii (1991)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Biochemistry 30 (1991), S. 1127-1131 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-4995
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bi00218a034
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Localization of a r-protein gene within the chloroplast DNA replication origin of Chlamydomonas (1987)
    Springer
    Current genetics 11 (1987), S. 537-541 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0983
    Keywords: DNA sequences ; Ribosomal protein gene ; Chlamydomonas chloroplast ; DNA replication origin
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary In our previous study of chloroplast (Cp) DNA replication in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, one D-loop site with its flanking regions was cloned and sequenced. The D-loop site mapped by electron mircroscopy (EM) overlaps with an open reading frame (ORF) potentially coding for a polypeptide of 136 amino acids. In this report, the corresponding D-loop isolated from another species of Chlamydomonas was sequenced. An ORF was also detected. Sequence comparison indicated that most conserved sequences between these two cloned origins are located within the ORE Amino acid sequences of these two ORFs are highly conserved. The corresponding sequence for this ORF in the tobacco Cp genome was located by a Southern blotting analysis. Since the complete sequence data of Cp DNAs from a liverwort and from tobacco have been determined in 2 Japanese laboratories recently, it has been possible for us to show that this ORF encodes a protein homologous to the Cp ribosomal protein (r-protein) L16, by sequence comparison.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00384617
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Darkness and antibiotics increase the steady-state transcripts of the elongation factor gene (tuf) inChlamydomonas reinhardtii (1988)
    Springer
    Current genetics 14 (1988), S. 119-126 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0983
    Keywords: Chloroplast ; Elongation ; Factor/SteadyState ; Transcripts/ Light ; Regulation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary A plasmid library of chloroplast (Cp) DNA fromChlamydomonas reinhardtii was used to screen for transcripts which respond to light. A transcript of R03, a 1,300 byEcoRI fragment, was identified as a message which accumulates in darkness. The transcribed region of R03 showed extensive sequence homology with theEscherichia coli elongation factor gene,tufA. A genespecific probe was constructed. Northern blots were used to study the extent and kinetics of accumulation of this transcript in darkness and in the presence of antibiotic inhibitors of Cp ribosomes. For comparison, the effects of darkness and antibiotics on the steady state levels ofpsbA, rbeL, and 16S rRNA were also studied. We conclude that thetuf transcript shows the greatest increase in darkness and in the presence of antibiotics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00569335
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Gene mapping on human metaphase chromosomes by in situ hybridization with 3H, 35S, and 32P labeled probes and transmission electron microscopy (1986)
    Springer
    Chromosoma 93 (1986), S. 305-312 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0886
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract A method based on in situ hybridization, autoradiography and transmission electron microscopy for mapping genes on human metaphase chromosomes is presented. Successful mapping of the tandemly repeated rDNA genes and of two nucleic acid probes, N-myc and probe 3 (Kanda et al. 1983), that are amplified in a homogeneously staining region (HSR) of the neuroblastoma cell line, IMR-32 is described. By using sufficiently thin AgBr emulsions, it is possible to obtain observable grains and good resolution with probes radiolabeled with 3H, 35S, or 32P, but the former gives the best results. We observe that neither of the two probes, N-myc and probe 3, has a uniform spatial distribution along the HSR and that the distributions of the two probes differ from each other. These observations support previous studies which indicated that the formation of an HSR is a more complex process than uniform amplification of a single DNA segment to form an n-fold set of perfect tandem repeats. The present study shows that the electron microscopic method is useful for extending the results of light microscopic studies for problems where higher resolution mapping is needed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00327588
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Replication of DNA in mammalian chromosomes (1975)
    Springer
    Chromosoma 53 (1975), S. 175-189 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0886
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract A study of sedimentation and buoyant density of Okazaki fragments from mammalian chromosomes along with electron microscopic studies indicate that fragments from about 200 to 1200 nucleotides long may have RNA segments covalently attached. The fragments in some CsCl isopycnic gradients banded in two rather distinct bands. One band corresponds to the density of single-stranded DNA, but the other has a higher buoyant density which could be conferred by a segment of RNA up to 180 nucleotides or more in length. The RNA was not removed by denaturing conditions which separated DNA strands consisting of several thousand nucleotide pairs. When the material of higher buoyant density was spread for electron microscopy under conditions which would extend single-stranded DNA chains, but leave RNA in a coil or bush the chains with a higher buoyant density usually had a bush attached at one end. Under conditions that were thought to favor gap filling over chain elongation near growing forks, the DNA produced by pulse labeling with bromodeoxyuridine had a buoyant density which would indicate substitution to about 15 percent in one chain. If this substitution represents filling of gaps occupied by RNA before the pulse, the segments would be about 180 nucleotides in length assuming about 1,000 nucleotides between each segment.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00333044
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Transmission electron microscopic study of polytene chromosome 2R from Drosophila melanogaster (1982)
    Springer
    Chromosoma 86 (1982), S. 299-307 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0886
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract A simple and rapid method for studying polytene chromosome squashes by transmission electron microscope (TEM) is described. This technique provides close correlation between the light microscopic image and the TEM image. Fine structures of the chromosomes are preserved. The band pattern of region 44 A to 50 F of the chromosome 2R has been analyzed and compared with Bridges' map (1935) and Lefevre's photographic representation (1976).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00292258
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Prokaryotic promoters in the chloroplast DNA replication origin of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii (1986)
    Springer
    Current genetics 10 (1986), S. 819-822 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0983
    Keywords: Prokaryotic promoters ; Chloroplast DNA replication origin ; Chlamydomonas reinhardtii
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary In Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, one displacement loop region which initiates the replication of chloroplast DNA was located on a 1.05 kb restriction fragment. This fragment was cloned and sequenced. In this report, the galK expression plasmid, pK01 was used to screen for the presence of any prokaryotic promoter within the cloned fragment. The insertion of 2 AluI fragments yielded galK+ colonies. Sequence analyses of these Alul inserts revealed prokaryotic promoter consensus regions. Cloning into pKOTWI and subsequent DNA sequencing were used to determine the promoter-active orientation of each insert. Two back-to-back prokaryotic promoters were mapped on a 79 by Alul fragment located within the displacement loop region.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00418528
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Point mutations in the chloroplast 16s rRNA gene confer streptomycin resistance in Nicotiana plumbaginifolia (1994)
    Springer
    Current genetics 26 (1994), S. 132-135 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0983
    Keywords: Nicotiana plumbaginifolia ; Chloroplast 16s ribosomal RNA ; Streptomycin resistance
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract In a previous paper we reported the isolation of streptomycin-resistant mutants from Nicotiana plumbaginifolia and presented evidence for chloroplast control of the resistance trait. To understand the molecular basis of the resistance in these mutants, we sequenced three regions in the chloroplast 16s rRNA gene, which correspond to the 5′ terminus, the 530 loop, and the 900 stem/loop of Escherichia coli 16s rRNA, and compared them with the sequences of the wild-type. Our results show that: (1) nine mutants have a C to T change at position 912, (2) one mutant (SR1021) has a G to A change at position 885, (3) one mutant has a C to T change at position 526, based on E. coli numbering; and (4) three mutants do not have any change in the regions analyzed. The point mutation detected in SR1021 has not been reported previously. In E. coli 16s rRNA, position 885 is protected from chemical probing by ribosomal protein S12 and is closely juxtaposed with the streptomycin-binding region (positions 912–915) in the predicted secondary structure. It is likely that the G to A transition at this position is a novel mutation for streptomycin resistance.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00313800
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Gene mapping on maize pachytene chromosomes by in situ hybridization (1987)
    Springer
    Chromosoma 95 (1987), S. 311-314 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0886
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract A sensitive in situ hybridization technique which was effective for mapping genes of low copy number on human metaphase chromosomes was used for gene mapping on maize pachytene chromosomes. A cloned genomic EcoR1 fragment of 10.8 kb, containing most or all of the sequence encoding the Waxy locus mRNA, was used as the probe. Southern DNA blotting analyses performed by Shure et al. (1983) indicated that the Waxy locus was a single copy sequence. In our in situ hybridization experiment, the probe hybridized to a specific site on chromosome 9. Labeling at this site was detected in 48.6% of 154 randomly selected copies of chromosome 9. To test the sensitivity of the method, subclones of the fragment with insert sizes of 6.6, 4.7, 3.5, 2.3, 1.9 and 0.8 kb were used for in situ hybridizations. Labeling efficiency for each probe was determined. The data showed that a single copy probe of 1.9 kb could be detected at the correct position in 18% of 183 randomly selected number 9 chromosomes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00293177
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Electron microscopy of G-banded human mitotic chromosomes (1983)
    Springer
    Chromosoma 88 (1983), S. 237-240 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0886
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Trypsin-treated human metaphase chromosomes stained with Giemsa and uranyl acetate showed clear, reproducible band structures under the transmission electron microscope (TEM). The banding pattern observed with TEM corresponded very closely to the G-band pattern visualized by light microscopy. The TEM images were used for karyotype analyses. Trypsin-treated chromosomes stained with uranyl acetate alone also showed clear G-bands under TEM. Shadow casting in addition to uranyl acetate staining revealed more structural detail of the chromosomes. Chromosome fibers, 200 Å–300 Å in diameter, were observed in the interband regions. Most chromosomes showed the major G-bands under the higher TEM magnification wit0out any trypsin treatment.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00285626
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