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  • 1
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    Ground beetle (Carabidae) abundance data from north-eastern Australian rainforest, between June 2008 - January 2010, using pitfall traps (2016)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Staunton, Kyran M; Nakamura, Akihiro; Burwell, Chris J; Robson, Simon K A; Williams, Stephen E (2016): Elevational Distribution of Flightless Ground Beetles in the Tropical Rainforests of North-Eastern Australia. PLoS ONE, 11(5), e0155826, https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0155826
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-01-13
    Description: Understanding how the environment influences patterns of diversity is vital for effective conservation management, especially in a changing global climate. While assemblage structure and species richness patterns are often correlated with current environmental factors, historical influences may also be considerable, especially for taxa with poor dispersal abilities. Mountain-top regions throughout tropical rainforests can act as important refugia for taxa characterised by low dispersal capacities such as flightless ground beetles (Carabidae), an ecologically significant predatory group. We surveyed flightless ground beetles along elevational gradients in five different subregions within the Australian Wet Tropics World Heritage Area to investigate (1) whether the diversity and composition of flightless ground beetles are elevationally stratified, and, if so, (2) what environmental factors (other than elevation per se) are associated with these patterns. Generalised linear models and model averaging techniques were used to relate patterns of diversity to environmental factors. Unlike most taxonomic groups, flightless ground beetles increased in species richness and abundance with elevation. Additionally, each subregion consisted of distinct assemblages containing a high level of regional endemic species. Species richness was most strongly positively associated with the historical climatic conditions and negatively associated with severity of recent disturbance (treefalls) and current climatic conditions. Assemblage composition was associated with latitude and current and historical climatic conditions. Our results suggest that distributional patterns of flightless ground beetles are not only likely to be associated with factors that change with elevation (current climatic conditions), but also factors that are independent of elevation (recent disturbance and historical climatic conditions). Variation in historical vegetation stability explained both species richness and assemblage composition patterns, probably reflecting the significance of upland refugia at a geographic time scale. These findings are important for conservation management as upland habitats are under threat from climate change.
    Keywords: Australia; Castelnaudia obscuripennis; Castelnaudia setosiceps; Castelnaudia sp.; Coptocarpus; Coptocarpus philipi; Craspedophorus sp.; Feronista sp.; Identification; Laccopterum sp.; LATITUDE; Lecanomerus limbatus; Lecanomerus niger; Lecanomerus sp.; Leiradira; Leiradira alternans; Leiradira alticola; Leiradira opacistiatus; Leiradira soror; LONGITUDE; Mecyclothorax storeyi; Mystropomus regularis; NE_Australia; Notonomus; Notonomus dimorphicus; Notonomus doddi; Notonomus flos; Notonomus masculinus; Notonomus montellus; Notonomus montorum; Notonomus spurgeoni; Oodes sp.; Pamborus euopacus; Pamborus punctatus; Pamborus tropicus; Pheropsophus verticalis; Pitfall trap; Prosopogmus sp.; PTRAP; Setalis rubripes; Trichosternus fax; Trichosternus frater; Trichosternus montorum; Trichosternus mutatus; Trichosternus nudipes; Trichosternus soror
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 3036 data points
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Biodiversity conservation Uncertainty in predictions of extinction risk/Effects of changes in climate and land use/Climate change and extinction risk (reply) (2004)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 430 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Thomas et al. reply — We reconsider our estimates of climate-related extinction in the light of three questions raised by Thuiller et al., Buckley and Roughgarden and Harte et al.. We are able to confirm our original conclusion that climate change represents a major ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature02719
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Extinction risk from climate change (2004)
    [s.l.] : Macmillian Magazines Ltd.
    Nature 427 (2004), S. 145-148 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Climate change over the past ∼30 years has produced numerous shifts in the distributions and abundances of species and has been implicated in one species-level extinction. Using projections of species' distributions for future climate scenarios, we assess extinction risks for sample ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature02121
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Potential decoupling of trends in distribution area and population size of species with climate change (2005)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Global change biology 11 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2486
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Geography
    Notes: Global climates are changing rapidly and biological responses are becoming increasingly apparent. Here, we use empirical abundance patterns across an altitudinal gradient and predicted altitudinal range shifts to estimate change in total population size relative to distribution area in response to climate warming. Adopting this approach we predict that, for nine out of 12 species of regionally endemic birds, total population size will decline more rapidly than distribution area with increasing temperature. Two species showed comparable loss and one species exhibited a slower decline in population size with change in distribution area. Population size change relative to distribution area was greatest for those species that occurred at highest density in the middle of the gradient. The disproportional loss in population size reported here suggests that extinction risk associated with climate change can be more severe than that expected from decline in distribution area alone. Therefore, if we are to make accurate predictions of the impacts of climate change on the conservation status of individual species, it is crucial that we consider the spatial patterns of abundance within the distribution and not just the overall range of the species.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2005.00995.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Arbuscular Mycorrhizae and Water Stress Tolerance of Wyoming Big Sagebrush Seedlings (1998)
    Springer
    Soil Science Society of America journal 62 (1998), S. 1309-1313 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-0661
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Artemisia tridentata Nutt. ssp. wyomingensis Beetle and Young) is widespread in the western USA, reestablishment of this native shrub on disturbed lands by direct seedlings is problematic. A number of theories have been proposed to explain this difficulty. Included are the hypotheses that seedlings are unable to obtain adequate moisture and are handicapped by reduced levels of mycorrhizae in perturbed soils. We conducted a greenhouse study to examine the influence of vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizae (VAM) and seedling age on soil moisture stress tolerance of Wyoming big sagebrush seedlings. Results demonstrated greater survival of mycorrhizal seedlings than nonmycorrhizal seedlings as soil dried down past soil water potential values of -2.5 MPa to as dry as -3.8 MPa. For all different aged seedlings tested (30, 45, 60, 90, 120, 150 d), the degree of soil dryness resulting in death of mycorrhizal seedlings was significantly greater (P 〈 0.01) than that causing death of nonmycorrhizal seedlings. Analysis of variance indicated a significant interaction of seedling age and mycorrhizae on moisture stress tolerance. Experimental data suggest that as sagebrush seedlings age, the beneficial influence of arbuscular mycorrhizae on soil water stress tolerance increases.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Propagation of the neuroid action potential of the carnivorous plantDrosera (1976)
    Springer
    Journal of comparative physiology 108 (1976), S. 211-223 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1351
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The neuroid action potentials ofDrosera rotundifolia recorded from single cells resemble those recorded from the surface of tentacle stalks. They have similar amplitudes and durations and they show the same variation of duration with interval that characterizes the extracellularly recorded action potentials. All living cells of the stalk appear to be excitable since cells from both layers were observed to produce action potentials when intracellular recording techniques were used. Propagation of electrically induced action potentials down the stalk occurred at a rate of 4.3 mm/s±0.6 S.E.M. while propagation up the stalk occurred at a rate of 9.9 mm/s±2.0 S.E.M. The fact that attenuated signals from electrical processes and stimulus artifacts in distant parts of the stalk were detected in recordings indicates that the cells of the stalk were closely coupled and that propagation from cell to cell is probably by an electrotonic mechanism. This hypothesis gains additional support from the observation of numerous cytoplasmic connections (plasmodesmata) through the cell walls separating the cells which are most likely to conduct the action potential.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02169049
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Connections and barriers between cells of Drosera tentacles in relation to their electrophysiology (1974)
    Springer
    Planta 116 (1974), S. 1-16 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The extracellular space of tentacles of Drosera capensis L. is divided into two compartments by cuticular material between cells of an endodermoid layer and by the nonporous cuticle of the stalk and neck. The distal compartment includes the mucilaginous secretion as well as the free space of the secretory cap, since the cuticle covering the cap is perforated by numerous 0.05–0.3 μm pores. The proximal compartment includes xylem and the intercellular space of the stalk. The existence of the endodermoid partition is consistent with the observation that action potentials recorded extracellularly from the head may be positive-going while those recorded extracellularly from the stalk are negative-going. The partitioning is also consistent with the hypothesis previously proposed to explain why the amplitude of action potentials recorded from the mucilage varies as a function of the amplitude of the receptor potential. The living cells are united by plasmodesmata. Unusually abundant plasmodesmata were observed in the walls between endodermoid cells and neck cells, between neck cells and the next row of outer stalk cells, in the end walls connecting the outer stalk cells, and the end walls connecting the inner stalk cells: these strategically located plasmodesmata presumably permit the electrotonic spread of receptor potentials and action potentials between cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00390198
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Growth of bacteria in an oil shale retort water by indigenous microorganisms (1987)
    Springer
    Bulletin of environmental contamination and toxicology 38 (1987), S. 769-774 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0800
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01616699
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Receptor potentials and action potentials in Drosera tentacles (1972)
    Springer
    Planta 103 (1972), S. 193-221 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Voltage fluctuations identified as receptor potentials can be detected with electrodes applied to the mucilage surrounding the head of a tentacle of Drosera intermedia if the head is stimulated by contact with a live insect, by the touch of a clean, inert object, or by application of salt solutions. Associated with a low receptor potential are action potentials, which occur at a frequency dependent on the magnitude of the receptor potential. These action potentials can be detected with electrodes applied to any region of the stalk of the tentacle. Inflection of the lower stalk follows the occurrence of action potentials. Inflection is minute for isolated action potentials but large and rapid when several occur within a brief interval. The apparent amplitude of action potentials recorded from the stalk is independent of receptor potential amplitude, but that of action potentials recorded from the mucilage commonly decreases as the receptor potential deviates from the baseline and increases as it returns. It is suggested that variation of apparent amplitude of the action potentials may result from postulated variation in the resistance of receptor membranes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00386844
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Canavanine distribution in jackbean fruit during fruit growth (1967)
    Springer
    Planta 77 (1967), S. 192-202 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Canavanine is an arginine analogue found in the seeds of many common legumes and is known to inhibit protein synthesis and growth in a number of organisms. Yet canavanine may comprise as much as 4% of the seed dry weight of the jackbean (Canavalia ensiformis). Canavanine is accumulated during earlier development in the pod, but disappears upon ripening. A corresponding increase in seed canavanine of about the same magnitude as the loss in the pod takes place during this latter time, but there is a subsequent significant increase of canavanine content of the seed after all detectable canavanine has disappeared from the pod. The first of these changes suggests synthesis of canavanine in the pod and transport into the seeds while the second one indicates a synthesis of canavanine in the seeds themselves, or possibly in the leaf or pod with rapid translocation to the seed. Canavanine was found to be at its highest concentration in the seed coats and pods when they were growing most rapidly and to gradually decline afterwards; however, the canavanine concentration of the seeds was found to be constant throughout fruit development. The pattern of canavanine mobilization in jackbean fruits was quite similar to the known pattern of total nitrogen mobilization typical of other leguminous fruits. This is consistent with a role as a nitrogen transport and storage compound.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00387456
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