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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Allozyme markers in breeding zone designation (1992)
    Springer
    New forests 6 (1992), S. 279-309 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5095
    Keywords: geographic variation ; multivariate analysis ; trend-surface analysis ; transfer risk
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Early studies of allozyme variation in plant populations suggested that allelic frequencies in some loci vary by geography. Since then, the expectation that allozymes might be useful in describing geographic patterns has generally not been borne out by single locus analyses, except on the broadest scale. Multi-locus analyses reveal the converse: canonical correlation analysis of individual, uniformly-spaced genotypes describe statistically-significant, complex patterns with geography. Multi-locus scores in four major species, Abies concolor, Pinus lambertiana, P. ponderosa, and Pseudotsuga menziesii, of the mixed conifer forest in the Sierra Nevada correlate 0.40 or greater with the first canonical vector of a geographical trend surface equation. The different species follow similar patterns by latitude and elevation. In contrast with patterns in the Sierra Nevada, large-scale differentiation is weak (R 2 〈 0.20) among populations of Pseudotsuga menziesii in the Coast Ranges and Siskyou Mountains of northern California and southern Oregon, where differentiation may be local. For the purpose of forming zones, we subdivided scores of the first two to four canonical vectors into groups and plotted them as multidimensional contour intervals. Reclassification by discriminant analysis serves as an approximate guide to transfer risks within and among these groups.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00120649
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Allozyme markers in forest genetic conservation (1992)
    Springer
    New forests 6 (1992), S. 347-371 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5095
    Keywords: genetic diversity ; isozymes ; rare and endangered species ; in-situ conservation ; ex-situ conservation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Genetic diversity is important in tree-breeding, in managing rare and endangered tree species, and in maintaining healthy populations of widespread native tree species. Allozymes are useful in determining genetic relationships among species, where they can be used to assess affiliations of rare taxa and predict relative endangerment among species. Because allozymes sometimes yield different information about genetic variation within species than revealed by other traits, when estimates of total or adaptive genetic variation are important, allozymes are best used in conjunction with other traits. Allozymes are useful for measuring direct allelic diversity when designing ex-situ and in-situ conservation strategies. We demonstrate an application of canonical trend-surface analysis for determining locations of in-situ genetic conservation areas. Allozymes also serve as useful markers in monitoring the effects of forest management and other environmental changes on genetic diversity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00120652
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  • 3
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    Two-generation analysis of pollen flow across a landscape V: a stepwise approach for extracting factors contributing to pollen structure (2004)
    Springer Nature
    Details
    Publication Date: 2004-01-14
    Print ISSN: 0018-067X
    Electronic ISSN: 1365-2540
    Topics: Biology
    Published by Springer Nature
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  • 4
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    Protoplast isolation from Ulmusamericana L. pollen mother cells, tetrads, and microspores (1980)
    Canadian Science Publishing
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-09-01
    Description: Meiotic protoplasts of Ulmusamericana (American elm) are potentially valuable for producing interspecific elm hybrids through protoplast fusion. Meiotic cells (pollen mother cells, tetrads, and microspores) were incubated in either a cellulase, hemicellulase, and pectinase enzyme solution or a β-1,3-glucanase (laminarinase) solution. Respective protoplast isolation frequencies for the three meiotic cell types were 100, 50, and 10%. Exclusion staining with 0.2% Evans blue and 0.1% methyl blue suggested protoplast viability. Some of the microspore protoplasts were vacuolated, which is an important condition for cell division. Although attempts to regenerate cell walls and induce cell division were unsuccessful, these two problems may be superceded by protoplast fusion with more regenerative protoplasts. To our knowledge this is the first report of protoplast isolation from meiotic cells of a tree species.
    Print ISSN: 0045-5067
    Electronic ISSN: 1208-6037
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Published by Canadian Science Publishing
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  • 5
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    Allozyme markers in breeding zone designation (1992)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 1992-01-01
    Print ISSN: 0169-4286
    Electronic ISSN: 1573-5095
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Published by Springer
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  • 6
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    Allozyme markers in forest genetic conservation (1992)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 1992-01-01
    Print ISSN: 0169-4286
    Electronic ISSN: 1573-5095
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Published by Springer
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  • 7
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    Surface motion of active rock glaciers in the Sierra Nevada, California, USA: inventory and a case study using InSAR (2013)
    Copernicus
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-07-18
    Description: Despite the abundance of rock glaciers in the Sierra Nevada of California, USA, few efforts have been made to measure their surface flow. Here we use the interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) technique to compile a benchmark inventory describing the kinematic state of 59 active rock glaciers in this region. In the late summer of 2007, these rock glaciers moved at speeds that range from 14 cm yr−1 to 87 cm yr−1, with a regional mean value of 53 cm yr−1. Our inventory reveals a spatial difference: rock glaciers in the southern Sierra Nevada moved faster than the ones in the central Sierra Nevada. In addition to the regional mapping, we also conduct a case study to measure the surface flow of the Mount Gibbs rock glacier in fine spatial and temporal detail. The InSAR measurements over this target reveal (1) that the spatial pattern of flow is correlated with surface geomorphic features and (2) a significant seasonal variation of flow speed whose peak value was 48 cm yr−1in the fall of 2007, more than twice the minimum value observed in the spring of 2008. The seasonal variation lagged air temperatures by three months. Our finding on the seasonal variation of surface speed reinforces the importance of a long time series with high temporal sampling rates to detect possible long-term changes of rock glacier kinematics in a warming climate.
    Print ISSN: 1994-0416
    Electronic ISSN: 1994-0424
    Topics: Geography , Geosciences
    Published by Copernicus on behalf of European Geosciences Union.
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  • 8
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    Surface motion of active rock glaciers in the Sierra Nevada, California, USA: inventory and a case study using InSAR (2013)
    Copernicus
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-01-23
    Description: Despite the abundance of rock glaciers in the Sierra Nevada of California, USA, few efforts have been made to measure their surface flow. Here we use the interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) technique to compile a~benchmark inventory describing the kinematic state of 59 active rock glaciers in this region. Statistically, these rock glaciers moved at speeds range from 15 cm yr−1 to 88 cm yr−1 with a mean value of 55 cm yr−1 in the late summer of 2007. We also find a spatial gradient: rock glaciers in the southern Sierra Nevada moved faster than the ones in the central Sierra Nevada. In addition to the inventory mapping, we also conduct a case study to measure the surface flow of the Mount Gibbs rock glacier in fine spatial and temporal detail. The InSAR measurements over this target reveal (1) that the spatial pattern of surface flow is influenced by surface geomorphological features and (2) a significant seasonal variation of flow speed whose peak value was 48 cm yr−1 in the fall, more than twice the minimum value observed in the spring. The seasonal variation lagged air temperatures by three months and likely results from temporal changes in mechanical strength of mixing debris and ice, internal melting of ice, and surface snow cover. Our finding on the seasonal variation of surface speed reinforces the importance of a long time series with high temporal sampling rates to detect possible long-term changes of rock glaciers in a warming climate.
    Print ISSN: 1994-0432
    Electronic ISSN: 1994-0440
    Topics: Geography , Geosciences
    Published by Copernicus on behalf of European Geosciences Union.
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