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  • 1
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    Review and revision of Cenozoic tropical planktonic foraminiferal biostratigraphy and calibration to the geomagnetic polarity and astronomical time scale (2011)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-05-25
    Description: Author Posting. © The Author(s), 2010. This is the author's version of the work. It is posted here by permission of Elsevier B.V. for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Earth-Science Reviews 104 (2011): 111-142, doi:10.1016/j.earscirev.2010.09.003.
    Description: Planktonic foraminifera are widely utilized for the biostratigraphy of Cretaceous and Cenozoic marine sediments and are a fundamental component of Cenozoic chronostratigraphy. The recent enhancements in deep sea drilling recovery, multiple coring and high resolution sampling both offshore and onshore, has improved the planktonic foraminiferal calibrations to magnetostratigraphy and/or modified species ranges. This accumulated new information has allowed many of the planktonic foraminiferal bioevents of the Cenozoic to be revised and a reassessment of the planktonic foraminiferal calibrations. We incorporate these developments and amendments into the existing biostratigraphic zonal scheme. In this paper we present an amended low-latitude (tropical and subtropical) Cenozoic planktonic foraminiferal zonation. We compile 187 revised calibrations of planktonic foraminiferal bioevents from multiple sources for the Cenozoic and have incorporated these recalibrations into a revised Cenozoic planktonic foraminiferal biochronology. We review and synthesize these calibrations to both the geomagnetic polarity time scale (GPTS) of the Cenozoic and astronomical time scale (ATS) of the Neogene and late Paleogene. On the whole, these recalibrations are consistent with previous work; however, in some cases, they have led to major adjustments to the duration of biochrons. Recalibrations of the early middle Eocene first appearance datums of Globigerinatheka kugleri, Hantkenina singanoae, Guembelitrioides nuttalli and Turborotalia frontosa have resulted in large changes in the durations of Biochrons E7, E8 and E9. We have introduced (upper Oligocene) Zone O7 utilizing the biostratigraphic utility of ‘Paragloborotalia’ pseudokugleri. For the Neogene Period, major revisions are applied to the fohsellid lineage of the middle Miocene and we have modified the criteria for recognition of Zones M7, M8 and M9, with additional adjustments regarding the Globigerinatella lineage to Zones M2 and M3. The revised and recalibrated datums provide a major advance in biochronologic resolution and a template for future progress to the Cenozoic time scale.
    Description: BSW acknowledges support from National Science Foundation (NSF) CAREER Award (EAR-0847300), Consortium for Ocean Leadership/NSF (OCE- 0352500) and the Natural Environment Research Council (NE/G014817/1).
    Keywords: Cenozoic time scale ; Planktonic foraminifera ; Time scale calibration ; Neogene time scale ; Paleogene time scale ; Biostratigraphy
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Preprint
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 2
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    Age model based on planktic foraminiferal stable isotopes for sediment core Site 199-1218 from the equatorial Pacific (2006)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Wade, Bridget S; Pälike, Heiko (2004): Oligocene climate dynamics. Paleoceanography, 19, PA4019, https://doi.org/10.1029/2004PA001042
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-25
    Description: A planktonic and benthic foraminiferal stable isotope stratigraphy of the Oligocene equatorial Pacific (Ocean Drilling Program, Site 1218) was generated at 6 kyr resolution between magnetochrons C9n and C11n.2n (ab. 26.4–30 Ma on a newly developed astronomically calibrated timescale). Our data allow a detailed examination of Oligocene paleoceanography, the evolution of the early cryosphere, and the influence of orbital forcing on glacioeustatic sea level variations. Spectral analysis reveals power and coherency for obliquity (40 kyr period) and eccentricity (ab. 110, 405 kyr) orbital bands, with an additional strong imprint of the eccentricity and 1.2 Myr obliquity amplitude cycle, driving ice sheet oscillations in the Southern Hemisphere. Planktonic and benthic foraminifera d18O are used to constrain the magnitude and timing of major fluctuations in ice volume and global sea level change. Glacial episodes, related to obliquity and eccentricity variations, occurred at 29.16, 27.91, and 26.76 Ma, corresponding to glacioeustatic sea level fluctuations of 50–65 m. Alteration of high-latitude temperatures and Antarctic ice volume had a significant impact on the global carbon burial and equatorial productivity, as cyclic variations are also recorded in the carbon isotope signal of planktonic and benthic foraminifera, the water column carbon isotope gradient, and estimated percent carbonate of bulk sediment. We also investigate the implications of a close correspondence between oxygen and carbon isotope events and long-term amplitude envelope extrema in astronomical calculations during the Oligocene, and develop a new naming scheme for stable isotope events, on the basis of the 405 kyr eccentricity cycle count.
    Keywords: 199-1218; Age model; COMPCORE; Composite Core; Depth, composite; Depth, composite revised; DEPTH, sediment/rock; DSDP/ODP/IODP sample designation; Globoquadrina venezuelana, δ13C; Globoquadrina venezuelana, δ18O; Joides Resolution; Leg199; North Pacific Ocean; Ocean Drilling Program; ODP; Sample code/label
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 3944 data points
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  • 3
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    Stable oxygen isotope ratios of foraminifera from late middle Eocene sediments of ODP Site 171-1052 from Blake Plateau, West Atlantic Ocean (Appendix) (2002)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Wade, Bridget S; Kroon, Dick (2002): Middle Eocene regional climate instability: Evidence from the western North Atlantic. Geology, 30(11), 1011-1014, https://doi.org/10.1130/0091-7613(2002)030%3C1011:MERCIE%3E2.0.CO;2
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-25
    Description: High-resolution (~3 k.y.) delta18O records from middle Eocene mixed-layer dwelling planktonic foraminifera from the western North Atlantic show pronounced (〉1‰) variability. The magnitude of change is greater than that seen in open-ocean Pleistocene records, but could not have been caused by ice-volume and/or sea-level fluctuations. Instead, the oxygen isotope shifts resulted primarily from large oscillations in sea-surface temperatures and indicate that the regional paleoceanography of the middle Eocene western North Atlantic was not consistently warm or stable. The large shifts in sea-surface temperatures could reflect variations in the position of the Gulf Stream relative to Blake Nose or variations in upwelling intensity.
    Keywords: 171-1052; Acarinina praetopilensis; Acarinina praetopilensis, δ18O; Blake Nose, North Atlantic Ocean; Chiloguembelina cubensis; Chiloguembelina cubensis, δ18O; Comment; COMPCORE; Composite Core; Counting 250-355 µm fraction; Depth, composite; DEPTH, sediment/rock; DSDP/ODP/IODP sample designation; Foraminifera, benthic; Foraminifera, benthic δ18O; Globigerinatheka mexicana; Globigerinatheka mexicana, δ18O; Hantkenina alabamensis; Hantkenina alabamensis, δ18O; Joides Resolution; Leg171B; Mass spectrometer VG Isogas Prism; Morozovella crassata; Morozovella crassata, δ18O; Morozovella spinulosa; Morozovella spinulosa, δ18O; Morozovella spp.; Morozovella spp., δ18O; Nuttallides truempyi; Nuttallides truempyi, δ18O; Ocean Drilling Program; ODP; Sample code/label; Subbotina utilisindex; Subbotina utilisindex, δ18O; Turborotalia cocoaensis; Turborotalia cocoaensis, δ18O; δ13C, carbonate
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 2744 data points
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  • 4
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    Carbonate compensation depth (CCD) reconstruction of the equatorial Pacific (2012)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Pälike, Heiko; Lyle, Mitchell W; Nishi, Hiroshi; Raffi, Isabella; Ridgwell, Andy; Gamage, Kusali; Klaus, Adam; Acton, Gary D; Anderson, Louise; Backman, Jan; Baldauf, Jack G; Beltran, Catherine; Bohaty, Steven M; Bown, Paul R; Busch, William H; Channell, James E T; Chun, Cecily O J; Delaney, Margaret Lois; Dewang, Pawan; Dunkley Jones, Tom; Edgar, Kirsty M; Evans, Helen F; Fitch, Peter; Foster, Gavin L; Gussone, Nikolaus; Hasegawa, Hitoshi; Hathorne, Ed C; Hayashi, Hiroki; Herrle, Jens O; Holbourn, Ann E; Hovan, Steven A; Hyeong, Kiseong; Iijima, Koichi; Ito, Takashi; Kamikuri, Shin-Ichi; Kimoto, Katsunori; Kuroda, Junichiro; Leon-Rodriguez, Lizette; Malinverno, Alberto; Moore, Theodore C; Murphy, Brandon; Murphy, Daniel P; Nakamur, Hideto; Ogane, Kaoru; Ohneiser, Christian; Richter, Carl; Robinson, Rebecca S; Rohling, Eelco J; Romero, Oscar E; Sawada, Ken; Scher, Howie D; Schneider, Leah; Sluijs, Appy; Takata, Hiroyuki; Tian, Jun; Tsujimoto, Akira; Wade, Bridget S; Westerhold, Thomas; Wilkens, Roy H; Williams, Trevor; Wilson, Paul A; Yamamoto, Yuhji; Yamamoto, Shinya; Yamazaki, Toshitsugu; Zeebe, Richard E (2012): A Cenozoic record of the equatorial Pacific carbonate compensation depth. Nature, 488, 609-614, https://doi.org/10.1038/nature11360
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-25
    Description: Atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations and climate are regulated on geological timescales by the balance between carbon input from volcanic and metamorphic outgassing and its removal by weathering feedbacks; these feedbacks involve the erosion of silicate rocks and organic-carbon-bearing rocks. The integrated effect of these processes is reflected in the calcium carbonate compensation depth, which is the oceanic depth at which calcium carbonate is dissolved. Here we present a carbonate accumulation record that covers the past 53 million years from a depth transect in the equatorial Pacific Ocean. The carbonate compensation depth tracks long-term ocean cooling, deepening from 3.0-3.5 kilometres during the early Cenozoic (approximately 55 million years ago) to 4.6 kilometres at present, consistent with an overall Cenozoic increase in weathering. We find large superimposed fluctuations in carbonate compensation depth during the middle and late Eocene. Using Earth system models, we identify changes in weathering and the mode of organic-carbon delivery as two key processes to explain these large-scale Eocene fluctuations of the carbonate compensation depth.
    Keywords: Center for Marine Environmental Sciences; Deep Sea Drilling Project; DSDP; Integrated Ocean Drilling Program / International Ocean Discovery Program; IODP; MARUM; Ocean Drilling Program; ODP
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 2 datasets
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  • 5
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    Microfossil, stable isotope, and facies of a near-continuous core from the Gippsland Basin (2013)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Gallagher, Stephen John; Villa, Giuliana; Drysdale, Russell N; Wade, Bridget S; Scher, Howie D; Li, Qianyu; Wallace, Malcolm W; Holdgate, Guy R (2013): A near-field sea level record of East Antarctic Ice Sheet instability from 32 to 27 Myr. Paleoceanography, 28(1), 1-13, https://doi.org/10.1029/2012PA002326
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-25
    Description: Fossil, facies, and isotope analyses of an early high-paleolatitude (55°S) section suggests a highly unstable East Antarctic Ice Sheet from 32 to 27 Myr. The waxing and waning of this ice sheet from 140% to 40% of its present volume caused sea level changes of ±25 m (ranging from -30 to +50 m) related to periodic glacial (100,000 to 200,000 years) and shorter interglacial events. The near-field Gippsland sea level (GSL) curve shares many similarities to the far-field New Jersey sea level (NJSL) estimates. However, there are possible resolution errors due to biochronology, taphonomy, and paleodepth estimates and the relative lack of lowstand deposits (in NJSL) that prevent detailed correlations with GSL. Nevertheless, the lateral variations in sea level between the GSL section and NJSL record that suggest ocean siphoning and antisiphoning may have propagated synchronous yet variable sea levels.
    Keywords: Australia; Groper-1; Sampling Well; WELL
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    Format: application/zip, 4 datasets
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  • 6
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    Astronomical tunings of the Oligocene-Miocene Transition from IODP Site 320-U1334 (2018)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Beddow, Helen M; Liebrand, Diederik; Wilson, Douglas S; Hilgen, Frederik J; Sluijs, Appy; Wade, Bridget S; Lourens, Lucas Joost (2018): Astronomical tunings of the Oligocene-Miocene transition from Pacific Ocean Site U1334 and implications for the carbon cycle. Climate of the Past, 14(3), 255-270, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-14-255-2018
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-25
    Description: Astronomical tuning of sediment sequences requires both unambiguous cycle-pattern recognition in climate proxy records and astronomical solutions, and independent information about the phase relationship between these two. Here we present two different astronomically tuned age models for the Oligocene-Miocene Transition (OMT) from Integrated Ocean Drilling Program Site U1334 (equatorial Pacific Ocean) to assess the effect tuning has on astronomically calibrated ages and the geologic time scale. These alternative age models (from ~22 to ~24 Ma) are based on different tunings between proxy records and eccentricity: the first age model is based on an aligning CaCO3 weight (wt%) to Earth's orbital eccentricity, the second age model is based on a direct age calibration of benthic foraminiferal stable carbon isotope ratios (d13C) to eccentricity. To independently test which tuned age model and associated tuning assumptions is in best agreement with independent ages based on tectonic plate-pair spreading rates, we assign our tuned ages to the magnetostratigraphic reversals identified in deep-marine magnetic anomaly profiles. Subsequently, we compute tectonic plate-pair spreading rates based on the tuned ages. The resultant, alternative spreading rate histories indicate that the CaCO3 tuned age model is most consistent with a conservative assumption of constant, or linearly changing, spreading rates. The CaCO3 tuned age model thus provides robust ages and durations for polarity chrons C6Bn.1n-C6Cn.1r, which are not based on astronomical tuning in the latest iteration of the Geologic Time Scale. Furthermore, it provides independent evidence that the relatively large (several 10,000 years) time lags documented in the benthic foraminiferal isotope records relative to orbital eccentricity, constitute a real feature of the Oligocene-Miocene climate system and carbon cycle. The age constraints from Site U1334 thus provide independent evidence that the delayed responses of the Oligocene-Miocene climate-cryosphere system and carbon cycle resulted from highly nonlinear feedbacks to astronomical forcing.
    Keywords: Integrated Ocean Drilling Program / International Ocean Discovery Program; IODP
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    Format: application/zip, 2 datasets
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  • 7
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    (Table DR1) Rotated Q-Mode varimax factor loading values for St. Stephens Quarry corehole samples (2008)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-25
    Keywords: Alabama, Alabama, U.S.A., North America; DEPTH, sediment/rock; DRILL; Drilling/drill rig; Factor 1; Factor 2; Factor 3; Factor 4; SSQ; St-Stephens-Quarry
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 156 data points
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  • 8
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    (Table S2) Stable isotope record and Mg/Ca ratios of benthic foraminifera from the St. Stephens Quarry (2008)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-25
    Keywords: AGE; Alabama, Alabama, U.S.A., North America; Calculated; Cibicidoides cocoaensis, magnesium/calcium ratio; Cibicidoides cocoaensis, δ13C; Cibicidoides cocoaensis, δ18O; Cibicidoides pippeni, magnesium/calcium ratio; Cibicidoides pippeni, δ13C; Cibicidoides pippeni, δ18O; Cibicidoides spp., δ13C; Cibicidoides spp., δ18O; delta; DEPTH, sediment/rock; DRILL; Drilling/drill rig; Foraminifera, benthic δ13C; Foraminifera, benthic δ18O; Inductively coupled plasma - mass spectrometry (ICP-MS); Mass spectrometer VG Optima; Reference of data; SSQ; St-Stephens-Quarry; Temperature, calculated
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 421 data points
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  • 9
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    (Table S4) Age models of sediment core ASP-5 and ODP Site 171-1053 (2011)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-25
    Keywords: 171-1053; Age, biostratigraphy; Age model; Age model, Berggren et al (1995) BKSA95; Age model, optional; Ageprofile Datum Description; ASP-5; Carolina Slope, North Atlantic Ocean; COMPCORE; Composite Core; DEPTH, sediment/rock; DRILL; Drilling/drill rig; Event label; Joides Resolution; Leg171B; North Atlantic; Ocean Drilling Program; ODP
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 65 data points
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  • 10
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    (Table 1) Biostratigraphic datum levels at ODP Hole 171-1052A compared with equatorial Pacific events (2012)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-25
    Keywords: 171-1052A; Age, maximum/old; Age, minimum/young; Age model; Age model, optional; Ageprofile Datum Description; Blake Nose, North Atlantic Ocean; Depth, composite bottom; Depth, composite top; DEPTH, sediment/rock; DRILL; Drilling/drill rig; DSDP/ODP/IODP sample designation; Joides Resolution; Leg171B; Number; Ocean Drilling Program; ODP; Radiolarian zone; Sample code/label; Sample code/label 2
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 757 data points
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