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  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Construction cost of loblolly and ponderosa pine leaves grown with varying carbon and nitrogen availability (1996)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant, cell & environment 19 (1996), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3040
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: We grew loblolly and ponderosa pine seedlings in a factorial experiment with two CO2 partial pressures (35 and 70 Pa), and two nitrogen treatments (1.0 and 3.5 mol m−3 NH4+), for one growing season to examine the effects of carbon and nitrogen availability on leaf construction cost. Growth in elevated CO2 reduced leaf nitrogen concentrations by 17 to 40%, and increased C:N by 22 to 68%. Elevated N availability increased leaf N concentrations and decreased C:N. Non-structural carbohydrates increased in high-CO2-grown loblolly seedlings, except in fascicles from low N, and in ponderosa primary and fascicle leaves grown in high N. In loblolly, increases in starch were nearly 2-fold greater than the increases in soluble sugars. In ponderosa, only the soluble sugars were affected by CO2. Leaf construction cost (g glucose g−1 dm) varied by 9.3% across all treatments. All of the variation in loblolly leaf construction cost could be explained by changes in non-structural carbohydrates. A model of the response of construction cost to changes in the mass of different biochemical fractions suggests that the remainder of the variation in ponderosa, not explained by non-structural carbohydrates, is probably attributable to changes in lignin, phenolic or protein concentrations.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3040.1996.tb00408.x
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    A field portable gas-exchange system for measuring carbon dioxide and water vapour exchange rates of leaves during fumigation with SO2 (1986)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant, cell & environment 9 (1986), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3040
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract A field portable, steady-state gas-exchange system which measures both CO2 and water vapour exchange of single intact leaves during fumigations with SO2 is described.Within the leaf cuvette temperature, light, humidity and both CO2 and SO2 concentrations are controlled to preset levels. Gas flow and concentrations are controlled by mass flow controllers. Photosynthetic uptake of CO2 can be determined either by differential depletion or null balance measurement. Water vapour exchange is measured differentially and transpiration and conductance to water vapour determined. Sulphur dioxide is measured directly within the cuvette exhaust gas line by UV-pulse fluorescence.The performance of this system under field conditions is described and the physiological measurements compared with those obtained with other systems.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3040.1986.tb02103.x
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Ecology of SO2 resistance (1982)
    Springer
    Oecologia 52 (1982), S. 16-21 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1939
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Summary 10 broadleafed trees and shrubs native to the mediterranean climactic zone in California were surveyed for their photosynthetic and stomatal responses to SO2. These species ranged from drought deciduous to evergreen and had diverse responses to SO2. These results suggest an approach for predicting SO2 resistances of plants. We found that conductance values of plants in SO2-free air can be used to estimate the quantity of SO2 which plants absorb. These estimates are based on conductance values for plants in non-limiting environmental conditions. SO2 absorption quantities are then used to predict relative photosynthesis following the fumigation. Thus, relative photosynthesis of plants following fumigation can be predicted on the basis of conductance in SO2-free air. This approach to predicting SO2 resistances of plants includes analysis of their stomatal responses to fumigation, their characteristics of SO2 adsorption and absorption, and their change in photosynthesis resulting from SO2 stress.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00349006
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Rates of emission of H 2 S from plants and patterns of stable sulphur isotope fractionation (1981)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 289 (1981), S. 672-673 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Quelle: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Notizen: [Auszug] Rates of emission of H2S were measured for 10-week-old soybean plants (Glycine max L. Merr. cvs. Kent, Peking and York) raised in growth cabinets. Days were 12 h long, photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) was about 600 mE m-2 s-1, humidity was 50-60% and the temperature was 15 C at night and ...
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/289672a0
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Interactions of SO2 with other environmental stresses in influencing leaf gas exchange (1990)
    Springer
    Oecologia 84 (1990), S. 500-505 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1939
    Schlagwort(e): Air pollution ; Diplacus aurantiacus (Curtis) Jeps ; Heteromeles arbutifolia (Ait.) Roem ; Environmental stresses ; Gas exchange
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Summary Leaves of two field growing co-occuring perennial shrubs (drought-deciduous Diplacus aurantiacus and the evergreen Heteromeles arbutifolia) from the Californian chaparral were exposed to small doses of SO2. During this exposure the leaf environment was manipulated to determine how the presence of SO2 alters the response of gas exchange to other environmental stresses. The data show that no direct changes in stomatal conductance (g) or net assimilation rate (A) could be attributed to short-term (7 h) SO2 (4.2 μmol m-3, 0.1 μl l-1) exposure. D. aurantiacus leaves possessed features which demonstrate that they were sensitive to changes in environment e.g. light flux and atmospheric relative humidity. The interspecific differences in stomatal sensitivity to water vapour were extremely important, as relative humidity is a major factor influencing carbon fixation and the rate of pollutant absorption. Conditions of high relative humidity and high xylem water potentials are suggested to pre-dispose leaves of D. aurantiacus to greater pollutant doses than the more stomatally-conservative evergreen, H. arbutifolia. In the presence of SO2 there was some indication of increased g for both D. aurantiacus and H. arbutifolia as ΔW became smaller. This SO2-effect was only obvious as increasing atmospheric humidity induced further stomatal opening. The important consequences of an SO2 enhanced g, were a reduction in WUE, which may cause earlier leaf abscission and a concomitant decline in productivity.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00328166
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 6
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Gas exchange and SO2 fumigation studies with irrigated and unirrigated field grown Diplacus aurantiacus and Heteromeles arbutifolia (1988)
    Springer
    Oecologia 75 (1988), S. 386-393 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1939
    Schlagwort(e): Diplacus aurantiacus (Curtis) Jeps. ; Heteromeles arbutifolia (Ait.) Roem. ; Gas exchange ; Irrigation ; Sulphur dioxide
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Summary Experiments were performed on an evergreen (Heteromeles arbutifolia) and a drought deciduous shrub (Diplacus aurantiacus) to determine, 1) whether approaches for evaluating SO2 absorption by leaves in laboratory studies could be extended to field studies, 2) the effects of irrigation on metabolism and SO2 responses of the study species during a season when water was limiting, 3) to interpret SO2 responses on the basis of SO2 flux rates. Laboratory-developed approaches for evaluating SO2 absorption by leaves were found to be suitable for use with field plants, despite field plants having lower gas exchange rates. Supplementing water during times of deficit did not override all the biological and environmental factors that limited photosynthesis (A). Irrigation increased leaf longevity of D. aurantiacus, and stomatal conductance to water vapour (g); g was also shown to increase with H. arbutifolia on irrigation. Irrigation profoundly influenced plant response to SO2. Unwatered D. aurantiacus had only a small g and therefore a reduced capacity to absorb SO2 and respond to SO2; which resulted in apparent SO2 avoidance. Water availability and SO2 both affect g and therefore, SO2 flux rates into the mesophyll. Different ambient SO2 concentrations of 8.3 and 26.2 μmol m-3 (0.2 and 0.6 ppm) were both found to result in similar SO2 flux rates into the leaf, due to variations in g in response to water availability. Changes in g did not always result in changes in A, implying that carbon fixation may be little affected by some SO2 exposures, although still potentially affecting such processes as maintenance of leaf water potential, transpirational cooling and nutrient uptake.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00376941
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 7
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Compensating effects to growth of carbon partitioning changes in response to SO2-induced photosynthetic reduction in radish (1988)
    Springer
    Oecologia 75 (1988), S. 502-506 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1939
    Schlagwort(e): Carbon allocation ; Photosynthetic performance ; SO2 inhibition ; Growth analysis ; Radish
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Summary Exposure of plants to SO2 reduced their photosynthetic performance due tio reductions in carboxylating capacity. Although the reduced carbon gain resulted in a lower growth rate of SO2-exposed plants over that of controls, their loss of potential growth was minimized because of proportional increases in allocation to new leaf material.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00776411
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 8
    facet.materialart.
    Unbekannt
    Plant responses to elevational gradients of O3 exposures in Virginia (1989)
    National Academy of Sciences
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1989-11-01
    Print ISSN: 0027-8424
    Digitale ISSN: 1091-6490
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft
    Publiziert von National Academy of Sciences
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 9
    facet.materialart.
    Unbekannt
    Throughfall chemistry beneath Quercusrubra: atmospheric, foliar, and soil chemistry considerations (1988)
    Canadian Science Publishing
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1988-04-01
    Beschreibung: Concentrations of inorganic ions were measured in bulk rainfall and bulk throughfall collected beneath northern red oak (Quercusrubra L.) trees growing in fertile, limestone-derived soil and less fertile sandstone/shale-derived soil. Rainfall passing through the crowns at both sites was enriched with [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], Ca2+, Mg2+, K+, Mn2+, and Fe2+, but lost [Formula: see text] to the crowns. Concentrations of Na+ and H+ in incident rainfall were higher at the infertile site. There was no difference in ionic leaching from red oak crown leaves exposed to simulated acid rain solutions. Rainfall volume, leaf area, and large particle dryfall ionic concentrations were all larger at the fertile rather than the infertile site. Concentrations of Ca +, Mg2+, [Formula: see text], Mn2+, and [Formula: see text] measured in throughfall at the fertile site were higher than those of the infertile site. These differences in throughfall chemistry are likely due to site differences in (i) the ability of tree crowns to capture dry deposition, (ii) dry deposition chemistry and occurrence, and (iii) rainfall volume.
    Print ISSN: 0045-5067
    Digitale ISSN: 1208-6037
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Publiziert von Canadian Science Publishing
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 10
    facet.materialart.
    Unbekannt
    Gas exchange and SO2 fumigation studies with irrigated and unirrigated field grown Diplacus aurantiacus and Heteromeles arbutifolia (1988)
    Springer
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1988-04-01
    Print ISSN: 0029-8549
    Digitale ISSN: 1432-1939
    Thema: Biologie
    Publiziert von Springer
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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