Publication Date:
2016-01-08
Description:
Influenza pandemics occur unpredictably when zoonotic influenza viruses with novel antigenicity acquire the ability to transmit amongst humans. Host range breaches are limited by incompatibilities between avian virus components and the human host. Barriers include receptor preference, virion stability and poor activity of the avian virus RNA-dependent RNA polymerase in human cells. Mutants of the heterotrimeric viral polymerase components, particularly PB2 protein, are selected during mammalian adaptation, but their mode of action is unknown. We show that a species-specific difference in host protein ANP32A accounts for the suboptimal function of avian virus polymerase in mammalian cells. Avian ANP32A possesses an additional 33 amino acids between the leucine-rich repeats and carboxy-terminal low-complexity acidic region domains. In mammalian cells, avian ANP32A rescued the suboptimal function of avian virus polymerase to levels similar to mammalian-adapted polymerase. Deletion of the avian-specific sequence from chicken ANP32A abrogated this activity, whereas its insertion into human ANP32A, or closely related ANP32B, supported avian virus polymerase function. Substitutions, such as PB2(E627K), were rapidly selected upon infection of humans with avian H5N1 or H7N9 influenza viruses, adapting the viral polymerase for the shorter mammalian ANP32A. Thus ANP32A represents an essential host partner co-opted to support influenza virus replication and is a candidate host target for novel antivirals.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4710677/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉 〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4710677/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Long, Jason S -- Giotis, Efstathios S -- Moncorge, Olivier -- Frise, Rebecca -- Mistry, Bhakti -- James, Joe -- Morisson, Mireille -- Iqbal, Munir -- Vignal, Alain -- Skinner, Michael A -- Barclay, Wendy S -- 087039/Z/08/Z/Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom -- BB/K002465/1/Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council/United Kingdom -- BBS/E/I/00001708/Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council/United Kingdom -- G0600006/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom -- England -- Nature. 2016 Jan 7;529(7584):101-4. doi: 10.1038/nature16474.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Section of Virology, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, St Mary's Campus, London W2 1PG, UK. ; Centre d'etudes d'agents Pathogenes et Biotechnologies pour la Sante (CPBS), FRE 3689, CNRS-UM, 34293 Montpellier, France. ; Avian Viral Diseases Programme, The Pirbright Institute, Ash Road, Pirbright, Woking GU24 0NF, UK. ; UMR INRA/Genetique Physiologie et Systemes d'Elevage, INRA, 31326 Castanet-Tolosan, France.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26738596" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
Keywords:
Amino Acid Sequence
;
Animals
;
Avian Proteins/*chemistry/deficiency/*metabolism
;
Cell Line
;
Chickens/virology
;
Cricetinae
;
Cricetulus
;
Dogs
;
Evolution, Molecular
;
Gene Expression Regulation, Viral
;
Gene Knockdown Techniques
;
*Host Specificity
;
Humans
;
Influenza A Virus, H5N1 Subtype/enzymology/genetics/physiology
;
Influenza A Virus, H7N9 Subtype/enzymology/genetics/physiology
;
Influenza A virus/*enzymology/genetics/physiology
;
Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins/*chemistry/deficiency/*metabolism
;
RNA Replicase/genetics/*metabolism
;
Species Specificity
;
Transcription, Genetic
;
Viral Proteins/genetics/*metabolism
;
Virus Replication
Print ISSN:
0028-0836
Electronic ISSN:
1476-4687
Topics:
Biology
,
Chemistry and Pharmacology
,
Medicine
,
Natural Sciences in General
,
Physics
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