Publication Date:
2009-04-28
Description:
Cortical gamma oscillations (20-80 Hz) predict increases in focused attention, and failure in gamma regulation is a hallmark of neurological and psychiatric disease. Current theory predicts that gamma oscillations are generated by synchronous activity of fast-spiking inhibitory interneurons, with the resulting rhythmic inhibition producing neural ensemble synchrony by generating a narrow window for effective excitation. We causally tested these hypotheses in barrel cortex in vivo by targeting optogenetic manipulation selectively to fast-spiking interneurons. Here we show that light-driven activation of fast-spiking interneurons at varied frequencies (8-200 Hz) selectively amplifies gamma oscillations. In contrast, pyramidal neuron activation amplifies only lower frequency oscillations, a cell-type-specific double dissociation. We found that the timing of a sensory input relative to a gamma cycle determined the amplitude and precision of evoked responses. Our data directly support the fast-spiking-gamma hypothesis and provide the first causal evidence that distinct network activity states can be induced in vivo by cell-type-specific activation.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3655711/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉 〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3655711/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Cardin, Jessica A -- Carlen, Marie -- Meletis, Konstantinos -- Knoblich, Ulf -- Zhang, Feng -- Deisseroth, Karl -- Tsai, Li-Huei -- Moore, Christopher I -- R01 NS045130/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- Howard Hughes Medical Institute/ -- England -- Nature. 2009 Jun 4;459(7247):663-7. doi: 10.1038/nature08002. Epub 2009 Apr 26.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉McGovern Institute for Brain Research and Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19396156" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
Keywords:
Animals
;
Chlamydomonas reinhardtii
;
Electrophysiology
;
Gene Expression Regulation
;
Gene Knock-In Techniques
;
Interneurons/*physiology
;
Mice
;
Photic Stimulation
;
Pyramidal Cells/physiology
;
Rhodopsin/genetics/metabolism
;
Somatosensory Cortex/*cytology/*metabolism
Print ISSN:
0028-0836
Electronic ISSN:
1476-4687
Topics:
Biology
,
Chemistry and Pharmacology
,
Medicine
,
Natural Sciences in General
,
Physics
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