ALBERT

All Library Books, journals and Electronic Records Telegrafenberg

feed icon rss

Your email was sent successfully. Check your inbox.

An error occurred while sending the email. Please try again.

Proceed reservation?

Export
  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-1424
    Keywords: Cell-attached patch-clamp technique ; (single) Cl− channel activity ; Voltage dependence ; Action potential ; Chara ; Kinetics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract The plasma membrane of Chara corallina was made accessible for patch pipettes by cutting a small window through the cell wall of plasmolyzed internodal cells. With pipettes containing Cl− as Ca2+ or Ba2+ (50 or 100 mm), but not as Mg2+ or K+ salt, it was possible to record in the cell-attached mode for long periods with little channel activity, randomly interspersed with intervals of transient activation of two Cl− channel types (cord conductance at +50 mV: 52 and 16 pS, respectively). During these periods of transient channel activity, variable numbers (up to some 10) of the two Cl− channel types activated and again inactivated over several 100 msec in a coordinated fashion. Transient Cl channel activity was favored by voltages positive of the free running membrane voltage (〉 −45 mV); but positive voltage alone was neither a sufficient nor a necessary condition for activtion of these channels. Neither type of Cl− channel was markedly voltage dependent. A third, nonselective 4 pS channel is a candidate for Ca2+ translocation. The activity of this channel does not correlate in time with the transient activity of the Cl− channels. The entire set of results is consistent with the following microscopic mechanism of action potentials in Chara, concerning the role of Ca2+ and Cl− for triggering and time course: Ca2+ uptake does not activate Cl− channels directly but first supplies a membrane-associated population of Ca2+ storage sites. Depolarization enhances discharge of Ca2+ from these elements (none or few under the patch pipette) resulting in a local and transient increase of free Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]cyt) at the inner side of the membrane before being scavenged by the cytoplasmic Ca2+ buffer system. In turn, the transient rise in [Ca2+]cyt causes the transient activity of those Cl− channels, which are more likely to open at an elevated Ca2+ concentration.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    The journal of membrane biology 133 (1993), S. 145-160 
    ISSN: 1432-1424
    Keywords: Acetabularia ; K+ channels ; kinetics ; planar lipid bilayers ; voltage dependence
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary Plasma membrane from Acetabularia acetabulum was prepared by aqueous-polymer two-phase partitioning and incorporated into planar 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl phosphatidylethanolamine bilayers by stirring in the presence of a (cis∶trans) 325∶100 mm KCl gradient. Under these conditions five distinct K+-selective channels were observed which had unitary chord-conductances (determined between 30 mV either side of the reversal potential) and frequencies of incorporation (in parentheses) of 1,600 pS (26%), 485 pS (21%), 259 pS (53%), 140 pS (37%) and 27 pS (37%). Two Cl−-selective channels were also observed, which had unitary chord-conductances of 8 and 48 pS and were present in 21 and 16% of bilayers, respectively. The voltage dependencies of channel open probability (P o ), open-state time constant (τ o) and closed-state time constant (τ c) were determined for the 259, 140 and 27 pS K+ channels. The P o of all three channels increased with increasingly positive membrane potentials. Thus, since these channels were oriented with their extracellular face adjacent to the cis chamber, which was grounded, all would exhibit outward rectification in vivo. Changes in P o were effected by modulation of τ c in all channels, which shortened as membrane potentials became more positive, and also of τ o in the 140 and 27pS channels, which increased as membrane potentials became more positive. Extracellular (cis) KCl concentration (and/or the KCl gradient across the bilayer) affected the P o of all three K+ channels, shifting the P o /membrane potential relationship in the direction of the change in the potassium reversal potential. In all channels this was achieved largely by changes in τ c .
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European biophysics journal 24 (1995), S. 85-92 
    ISSN: 1432-1017
    Keywords: Action potential clamp ; Chara ; Cl− currents ; K+ currents
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Physics
    Notes: Abstract TheCl− and K+ currents underlying the action potential (AP) in the giant alga Chara were directly recorded with the action potential clamp method. An electrically triggered action potential was recorded and repetitively replayed as command voltage to the same cell under voltage clamp. The resulting clamp current was close to zero. Only the initial rectangular current used for stimulation was approximately reproduced by the clamp circuit. Inhibition of Cl− channels with niflumic acid or ethacrynic acid and of K+ channels with Ba2+ evoked characteristic compensation currents because the amplifier had to add the selectively inhibited currents. Integration of the compensation currents revealed a mean flux through Cl− and K+ channels of 3.3 10−6 and 2.1 10−6 mole M−2 AP−1 respectively. The dynamics of CI− and K+ channel activation/inactivation were obtained by converting the relevant clamp currents to ionic permeabilities using the Goldman-Hodgkin-Katz current equation. During the AP the Cl− permeability reaches a peak 370 ms, on average, after termination of the stimulating pulse. The following inactivation proceeds 3.6 times slower than the activation. The increase in K+ permeability lags behind the rise in Cl− permeability, reaching a peak approximately 2 s after the latter.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 4
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Caged InsP3 was biologically inactive in the guard cells, as could be determined electrically. Bathed in 5 mM Ca2+-HEPES buffer, pH 7.4, with 0.1 mM KC1, intact guard cells showed membrane potentials and resistances of -137±4mV and 12 ± 1 kO cm2 (n = 11) when impaled with ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 5
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Keywords: Key words: Endocytosis – FM1-43 fluorescence internalisation – Guard cell – Membrane capacitance – Osmotic shrinking –Vicia (guard cell protoplast)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract. The dye FM1-43 was used alone or in combination with measurements of the membrane capacitance (Cm) to monitor membrane changes in protoplasts from Viciafaba L. guard cells. Confocal images of protoplasts incubated with FM1-43 (10 μM) at constant ambient osmotic pressure (πo) revealed in confocal images a slow internalisation of FM1-43-labelled membrane into the cytoplasm. As a result of this process the relative fluorescence intensity of the cell interior (fFM,i) increased with reference to the total fluorescence (fFM,t) by 7.4 × 10−4 min−1. This steady internalisation of dye suggests the occurrence of constitutive endocytosis under constant osmotic pressure. Steady internalisation of FM1-43 labelled membrane caused a prominent staining of a ring-like structure located beneath the plasma membrane. Abrupt elevation of πo by 200 mosmol kg−1 caused, over the first minutes of incubation, a rapid internalisation of FM1-43 fluorescence into the cytoplasm concomitant with a decrease in cell perimeter. Within the first 5 min the cell perimeter decreased by 7.9%. Over the same time fFM,i/fFM,t increased by 0.13, reflecting internalisation of fluorescent label into the cytoplasm. Combined measurements of Cm and total fluorescence of a protoplast (fFM,p) showed that an increase in πo evoked a decrease in Cm but no change in fFM,p. This means that surface contraction of the protoplast is due to retrieval of excess membrane from the plasma membrane and internalisation into the cytoplasm. Further inspection of confocal images revealed that protoplast shrinking was only occasionally associated with internalisation of giant vesicles (median diameter 2.7 μm) with FM1-43-labelled membrane. But, in all cases, osmotic contraction was correlated with a diffuse distribution of FM1-43 label throughout the cytoplasm. From this, we conclude that endocytosis of small vesicles into the cytoplasm is the obligatory process by which cells accommodate an osmotically driven decrease in membrane surface area.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 6
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Keywords: Calcium (cytosolic) ; Coleoptile ; Exocytosis ; Membrane capacitance (patch-clamp) ; Zea (Ca2+, protoplast)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Enhanced elongation of coleoptile cells has been proposed to be related to a rise in secretory activity. Therefore, to obtain a direct measurement of exocytotic events in maize (Zea mays L.) coleoptile protoplasts we used the patch-clamp method to record changes in membrane capacitance (Cm) as a parameter proportional to fluctuations of the membrane surface area. The secretory activity of protoplasts was correlated with the cytosolic free Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]cyt): dialyzing protoplasts with 1 μM [Ca2+]cyt caused a steady rise in Cm of 3.3 ± pF·s−1. In contrast, dialysis with a solution containing 〈20 nM Ca2+ produced a small and persistent decrease in Cm. This demonstrates that secretory activity in coleoptile cells can be controlled by factors which modulate [Ca2+]cyt.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Planta 208 (1999), S. 38-45 
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Keywords: Key words: Auxin ; Calcium ; Coleoptile growth ; K+-inward rectifier (channel) ; pH ; Zea (coleoptile protoplasts)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract. Potassium is taken up by maize (Zea mays L.) coleoptile cells via a typical plant inward rectifier (K ir ). Sufficient conductance of this channel is essential in order to maintain auxin-stimulated cell elongation. It was therefore investigated whether the activity of this channel is subject to direct or indirect control by this growth hormone. Patch-clamp measurements of whole coleoptile protoplasts revealed no appreciable effect of externally applied 10 μM or 100 μM α-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) on the activity of K ir over test periods of ≥ 18 or ≥ 8 min, respectively. When, however, K ir was recorded in the cell-attached configiuration and 10 μM NAA administered to the bath medium, the conductance of K ir increased significantly in 13 out of 18 protoplasts over the control. This rise occurred at a fixed protoplast voltage after a lag period of less than 10 min and exhibited no voltage dependency. The absence of response to NAA of protoplasts in the whole-cell configuration indicates that auxin perception and channel control is linked via a soluble cytoplasmic factor and that this mediator is washed out or modified upon perfusion of the cytoplasm with pipette solution. To search for this expected diffusible factor the K ir current was recorded before and after elevation of Ca2+ and H+ in the cytoplasm. In the whole-cell configuration the increase in Ca2+ from a nanomolar value to 〉1 μM by means of Ca2+-release from the caged precursor Na2-DM-nitrophen left K ir unaffected. The whole-cell K ir conductance was also not affected upon addition of 10 mM Na+-acetate to the bath medium, an operation used to lower the cytoplasmic pH. This excludes a primary role for the known auxin-evoked rise in cytoplasmic Ca2+ and H+ in K ir activity. We postulate that another, as yet unknown, mechanism mediates the auxin-evoked stimulation of the number of active K ir channels in the plasma membrane.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Plant molecular biology 38 (1998), S. 111-125 
    ISSN: 1573-5028
    Keywords: exocytosis ; endocytosis ; vesicle fusion ; patch clamp ; membrane capacitance ; plasma membrane
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Exocytosis is the final event in the secretory pathway and requires the fusion of the secretory vesicle membrane with the plasma membrane. It results in the release to the outside of vesicle cargo from the cell interior and also the delivery of vesicle membrane and proteins to the plasma membrane. An electrophysiological assay that measures changes in membrane capacitance has recently been used to monitor exocytosis in plants. This complements information derived from earlier light and electron microscope studies, and allows both transient and irreversible fusion of single exocytotic vesicles to be followed with high resolution in protoplasts. It also provides a tool to investigate bulk exocytotic activity in single protoplasts under the influence of cytoplasmic modulators. This research highlights the role of intracellular Ca2+, GTP and pressure in the control of exocytosis in plants. In parallel to these functional studies, plant proteins with the potential to regulate exocytosis are being identified by molecular analysis. In this review we describe these electrophysiological and molecular advances, and emphasise the need for parallel biochemical work to provide a complete picture of the mechanisms controlling vesicle fusion at the plasma membrane of plant cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 115 (1982), S. 1682-1693 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Reactions of Carbonyl Metal Hydrides with Methylthiirane and Structure of Bis[(η-cyclopentadienyl)-μ-sulfido-sulfidomolybdenum]Reaction of the carbonyl metal hydrides M(η-C5H5)(H)(CO)3 (M = Mo, W), Mn(H)(CO)5, and Fe(H2)(CO)4 with methylthiirane under mild conditions leads to insertion of sulfur into the metal hydrogen bond with formation of the hydrogen sulfido complexes M(η-C5H5)(SH)(CO)3 (M = Mo, W) (1a, b), [Mn(SH)(CO)4]2 (2), and Fe3S2(CO)9 (4), respectively. The molybdenum and tungsten compounds also form the dimeric complexes [M(η-C5H5)S2]2 (M = Mo, W) (6a, b) as well as the dithiolate bridged complex (η-C5H5)Mo[SCH(Me)CH2S]2Mo(η-C5H5) (5). The X-ray structure of anti-6a has been determined.
    Notes: Die Carbonylmetallhydride M(η-C5H5)(H)(CO)3 (M = Mo, W), Mn(H)(CO)5 und Fe(H2)(CO)4 werden mit Methylthiiran unter milden Bedingungen umgesetzt. Dabei entstehen durch Insertion des Schwefelatoms in die Metall-Wasserstoff-Bindung die Hydrogensulfido-Komplexe M(η-C5H5)(SH)(CO)3 (M = Mo, W) (1a, b), [Mn(SH)(CO)4]2 (2) bzw. Fe3S2(CO)9 (4). Die Molybdän- und Wolframverbindungen bilden spontan oder bei höherer Temperatur die zweikernigen Komplexe [M(η-C5H5)S2]2 (M = Mo, W) (6a, b) sowie den Dithiolat-verbrückten Komplex (η-C5H5)Mo[SCH(Me)CH2S]2Mo(η-C5H5) (5). Die Molekülstruktur von anti-6a wurde röntgenographisch bestimmt.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 10
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Antitumor Active cis-Platinum(II) Complexes with α-Amino Acid Esters and Peptide Esters. X-Ray Structure of cis-Dichlorobis(glycylglycine ethyl ester)platinum(II)A series of cis-platinum(II) complexes X2PtL2 (1-4) (X = halide, 2X = oxalate, malonate; L = α-amino acid ester, peptide ester) has been obtained from Pt42- and L. The dipeptide ester complexes are also accessible via peptide synthesis at the complex from Cl2Pt(NH2CHRCO2H)2 and α-amino acid esters using carbodiimide as coupling agent and the platinum atom as amino protecting group. The complexes Cl2PtL2 with α-amino acid ester ligands have also been prepared from the bis(chelate) compounds cis-Pt(NH2CHRCO2)2 and alcohol in the presence of HCl. The complexes have been characterized by their spectroscopic data, cis-Cl2Pt(GlyGlyOEt)2 (2a) by an X-ray analysis.
    Notes: Eine Reihe von cis-Platin(II)-Komplexen X2PtL2(1-4) (X = Halogenid, 2X = Oxalat, Malonat; L = α-Aminosäureester, Peptidester) wird aus PtX42- und L erhalten. Entsprechende Komplexe mit Dipeptidester-Liganden sind auch durch Peptidsynthese am Komplex aus Cl2Pt-(NH2CHRCO2H)2 und α-Aminosäureestern mit Carbodiimid als Kupplungskomponente und Platin als Aminoschutzgruppe zugänglich. Die Verbindungen Cl2PtL2 mit α-Aminosäureester-Liganden lassen sich auch aus den Bis(chelat)-Komplexen cis-Pt(NH2CHRCO2)2 und Alkohol in Gegenwart von HCl gewinnen. Die cis-Struktur der Verbindungen wurde spektroskopisch, die von Cl2Pt(GlyGlyOEt)2 (2a) durch Röntgenstrukturanalyse nachgewiesen.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
Close ⊗
This website uses cookies and the analysis tool Matomo. More information can be found here...