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  • 1
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    Asymmetric Desymmetrization of 2,2‘,6,6‘-Tetrahydroxybiphenyl through Annulation with Enantiomerically Pure Bis(mesylate) (2000)
    American Chemical Society
    Details
    Publication Date: 2000-05-01
    Print ISSN: 1523-7060
    Electronic ISSN: 1523-7052
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Published by American Chemical Society
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Specific and irreversible block of the myotropic action of angiotensin II (1978)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 275 (1978), S. 145-146 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] We previously described the synthesis3 and the biological activities4 of the AT analogue Sar-Arg-Val-Tyr-His-Pro-(4'-azido)Phe ( = N3-AT) in the absence of ultraviolet radiation. Also, (4'-azido)Phe has been successfully used as a photoaffinity label in studies on chymotrypsin5 and ribosomes6. In ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/275145a0
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
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    Quantifying variability in earthquake rupture models using multidimensional scaling: application to the 2011 Tohoku earthquake (2015)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-04-24
    Description: Finite-fault earthquake source inversion is an ill-posed inverse problem leading to non-unique solutions. In addition, various fault parametrizations and input data may have been used by different researchers for the same earthquake. Such variability leads to large intra-event variability in the inferred rupture models. One way to understand this problem is to develop robust metrics to quantify model variability. We propose a Multi Dimensional Scaling (MDS) approach to compare rupture models quantitatively. We consider normalized squared and grey-scale metrics that reflect the variability in the location, intensity and geometry of the source parameters. We test the approach on two-dimensional random fields generated using a von Kármán autocorrelation function and varying its spectral parameters. The spread of points in the MDS solution indicates different levels of model variability. We observe that the normalized squared metric is insensitive to variability of spectral parameters, whereas the grey-scale metric is sensitive to small-scale changes in geometry. From this benchmark, we formulate a similarity scale to rank the rupture models. As case studies, we examine inverted models from the Source Inversion Validation (SIV) exercise and published models of the 2011 Mw 9.0 Tohoku earthquake, allowing us to test our approach for a case with a known reference model and one with an unknown true solution. The normalized squared and grey-scale metrics are respectively sensitive to the overall intensity and the extension of the three classes of slip (very large, large, and low). Additionally, we observe that a three-dimensional MDS configuration is preferable for models with large variability. We also find that the models for the Tohoku earthquake derived from tsunami data and their corresponding predictions cluster with a systematic deviation from other models. We demonstrate the stability of the MDS point-cloud using a number of realizations and jackknife tests, for both the random field and the case studies.
    Keywords: Seismology
    Print ISSN: 0956-540X
    Electronic ISSN: 1365-246X
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of The Deutsche Geophysikalische Gesellschaft (DGG) and the Royal Astronomical Society (RAS).
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  • 4
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    Pure and aerated water entry of a flat plate (2016)
    American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-01-26
    Description: This paper presents an experimental and numerical investigation of the entry of a rigid square flat plate into pure and aerated water. Attention is focused on the measurement and calculation of the slamming loads on the plate. The experimental study was carried out in the ocean basin at Plymouth University’s COAST laboratory. The present numerical approach extends a two-dimensional hydro-code to compute three-dimensional hydrodynamic impact problems. The impact loads on the structure computed by the numerical model compare well with laboratory measurements. It is revealed that the impact loading consists of distinctive features including (1) shock loading with a high pressure peak, (2) fluid expansion loading associated with very low sub-atmospheric pressure close to the saturated vapour pressure, and (3) less severe secondary reloading with super-atmospheric pressure. It is also disclosed that aeration introduced into water can effectively reduce local pressures and total forces on the flat plate. The peak impact loading on the plate can be reduced by half or even more with 1.6% aeration in water. At the same time, the lifespan of shock loading is prolonged by aeration, and the variation of impulse is less sensitive to the change of aeration than the peak loading.
    Print ISSN: 1070-6631
    Electronic ISSN: 1089-7666
    Topics: Physics
    Published by American Institute of Physics (AIP)
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  • 5
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    Uncertainty in Earthquake Source Imaging Due to Variations in Source Time Function and Earth Structure (2014)
    Seismological Society of America (SSA)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-04-04
    Description: One way to improve the accuracy and reliability of kinematic earthquake source imaging is to investigate the origin of uncertainty and to minimize their effects. The difficulties in kinematic source inversion arise from the nonlinearity of the problem, nonunique choices in the parameterization, and observational errors. We analyze particularly the uncertainty related to the choice of the source time function (STF) and the variability in Earth structure. We consider a synthetic data set generated from a spontaneous dynamic rupture calculation. Using Bayesian inference, we map the solution space of peak slip rate, rupture time, and rise time to characterize the kinematic rupture in terms of posterior density functions. Our test to investigate the effect of the choice of STF reveals that all three tested STFs (isosceles triangle, regularized Yoffe with acceleration time of 0.1 and 0.3 s) retrieve the patch of high slip and slip rate around the hypocenter. However, the use of an isosceles triangle as STF artificially accelerates the rupture to propagate faster than the target solution. It additionally generates an artificial linear correlation between rupture onset time and rise time. These appear to compensate for the dynamic source effects that are not included in the symmetric triangular STF. The exact rise time for the tested STFs is difficult to resolve due to the small amount of radiated seismic moment in the tail of STF. To highlight the effect of Earth structure variability, we perform inversions including the uncertainty in the wavespeed only, and variability in both wavespeed and layer depth. We find that little difference is noticeable between the resulting rupture model uncertainties from these two parameterizations. Both significantly broaden the posterior densities and cause faster rupture propagation particularly near the hypocenter due to the major velocity change at the depth where the fault is located. Online Material: Figures of inverted rupture models, trade-off curve, and posterior probability density function.
    Print ISSN: 0037-1106
    Electronic ISSN: 1943-3573
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Published by Seismological Society of America (SSA)
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  • 6
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    DNA: a programmable force sensor (2003)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2003-07-19
    Description: Direct quantification of biomolecular interaction by single-molecule force spectroscopy has evolved into a powerful tool for materials and life sciences. We introduce an approach in which the unbinding forces required to break intermolecular bonds are measured in a differential format by comparison with a known reference bond (here, a short DNA duplex). In addition to a marked increase in sensitivity and force resolution, which enabled us to resolve single-base pair mismatches, this concept allows for highly specific parallel assays. This option was exploited to overcome cross-reactions of antibodies in a protein biochip application.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Albrecht, Christian -- Blank, Kerstin -- Lalic-Multhaler, Mio -- Hirler, Siegfried -- Mai, Thao -- Gilbert, Ilka -- Schiffmann, Susanne -- Bayer, Tom -- Clausen-Schaumann, Hauke -- Gaub, Hermann E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2003 Jul 18;301(5631):367-70.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Nanotype GmbH, Lochhamer Schlag 12, 82166 Grafelfing, Germany.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12869761" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Antibodies ; *Base Pair Mismatch ; *Biosensing Techniques ; Carbocyanines ; Cross Reactions ; *DNA/chemistry/genetics/metabolism ; Dimethylpolysiloxanes ; Fluorescence ; Fluorescent Dyes ; Glass ; Humans ; Immunoassay ; Interleukin-5/analysis/immunology ; Mice ; Microscopy, Atomic Force ; Nucleic Acid Conformation ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; Oligodeoxyribonucleotides/chemistry/metabolism ; *Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis ; *Protein Array Analysis ; Protein Binding ; Silicones ; Temperature ; Thermodynamics
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 7
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    [ASAP] Nanosystems Based on Magnetic Nanoparticles and Thermo- or pH-Responsive Polymers: An Update and Future Perspectives (2018)
    American Chemical Society (ACS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-05-08
    Description: Accounts of Chemical Research DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.7b00549
    Print ISSN: 0001-4842
    Electronic ISSN: 1520-4898
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Published by American Chemical Society (ACS)
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  • 8
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    Gene delivery ability of polyethylenimine and polyethylene glycol dual-functionalized nanographene oxide in 11 different cell lines (2017)
    Royal Society
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-10-26
    Description: We recently developed a polyethylenimine (PEI) and polyethylene glycol (PEG) dual-functionalized reduced graphene oxide (GO) (PEG–nrGO–PEI, RGPP) for high-efficient gene delivery in HepG2 and Hela cell lines. To evaluate the feasibility and applicability of RGPP as a gene delivery carrier, we here assessed the transfection efficiency of RGPP on gene plasmids and siRNA in 11 different cell lines. Commercial polyalkyleneimine cation transfection reagent (TR) was used as comparison. In HepG2 cells, RGPP exhibited much stronger delivery ability for siRNA and large size plasmids than TR. For green fluorescent protein (GFP) plasmid, RGPP showed about 47.1% of transfection efficiency in primary rabbit articular chondrocytes, and about 27% of transfection efficiency in both SH-SY5Y and A549 cell lines. RGPP exhibited about 37.2% of GFP plasmid transfection efficiency in EMT6 cells and about 26.0% of GFP plasmid transfection efficiency in LO2 cells, but induced about 33% of cytotoxicity in both cell lines. In 4T1 and H9C2 cell lines, RGPP had less than 10% of GFP plasmid transfection efficiency. Collectively, RGPP is a potential nano-carrier for high-efficiency gene delivery, and needs to be further optimized for different cell lines.
    Keywords: biomaterials
    Electronic ISSN: 2054-5703
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Published by Royal Society
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  • 9
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    Imaging of a Thin Oxide Film Formation from the Combination of Surface Reflectivity and Electrochemical Methods (2017)
    American Chemical Society (ACS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-27
    Description: Analytical Chemistry DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.6b04921
    Print ISSN: 0003-2700
    Electronic ISSN: 1520-6882
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Published by American Chemical Society (ACS)
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  • 10
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    Terahertz spin-orbital excitations in the paramagnetic state of multiferroic Sr_{2} FeSi_{2} O_{7} (2016)
    American Physical Society (APS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-12-17
    Description: Author(s): Thuc T. Mai, C. Svoboda, M. T. Warren, T.-H. Jang, J. Brangham, Y. H. Jeong, S.-W. Cheong, and R. Valdés Aguilar We studied the novel multiferroic material Sr 2 FeSi 2 O 7 and found three absorption modes above the magnetic ordering transition temperature using time-domain terahertz spectroscopy. These absorption modes can be explained as the optical transitions between the spin-orbit coupling and crystal-field spl… [Phys. Rev. B 94, 224416] Published Fri Dec 16, 2016
    Keywords: Magnetism
    Print ISSN: 1098-0121
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-3795
    Topics: Physics
    Published by American Physical Society (APS)
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