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  • 1
    Publication Date: 2015-08-21
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Goo, Leslie -- Pierson, Theodore C -- England -- Nature. 2015 Aug 20;524(7565):295-6. doi: 10.1038/524295a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Laboratory of Viral Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26289200" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2010-11-19
    Description: Cellular messenger RNA (mRNA) of higher eukaryotes and many viral RNAs are methylated at the N-7 and 2'-O positions of the 5' guanosine cap by specific nuclear and cytoplasmic methyltransferases (MTases), respectively. Whereas N-7 methylation is essential for RNA translation and stability, the function of 2'-O methylation has remained uncertain since its discovery 35 years ago. Here we show that a West Nile virus (WNV) mutant (E218A) that lacks 2'-O MTase activity was attenuated in wild-type primary cells and mice but was pathogenic in the absence of type I interferon (IFN) signalling. 2'-O methylation of viral RNA did not affect IFN induction in WNV-infected fibroblasts but instead modulated the antiviral effects of IFN-induced proteins with tetratricopeptide repeats (IFIT), which are interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs) implicated in regulation of protein translation. Poxvirus and coronavirus mutants that lacked 2'-O MTase activity similarly showed enhanced sensitivity to the antiviral actions of IFN and, specifically, IFIT proteins. Our results demonstrate that the 2'-O methylation of the 5' cap of viral RNA functions to subvert innate host antiviral responses through escape of IFIT-mediated suppression, and suggest an evolutionary explanation for 2'-O methylation of cellular mRNA: to distinguish self from non-self RNA. Differential methylation of cytoplasmic RNA probably serves as an example for pattern recognition and restriction of propagation of foreign viral RNA in host cells.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3058805/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3058805/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Daffis, Stephane -- Szretter, Kristy J -- Schriewer, Jill -- Li, Jianqing -- Youn, Soonjeon -- Errett, John -- Lin, Tsai-Yu -- Schneller, Stewart -- Zust, Roland -- Dong, Hongping -- Thiel, Volker -- Sen, Ganes C -- Fensterl, Volker -- Klimstra, William B -- Pierson, Theodore C -- Buller, R Mark -- Gale, Michael Jr -- Shi, Pei-Yong -- Diamond, Michael S -- R01 AI074973/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01 AI56540/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01 CA068782/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01 CA068782-24/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- U19 AI083019/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- U54 AI057158/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- U54 AI057160/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- U54 AI057160-06/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- U54 AI081680/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- U54 AI081680-01/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- England -- Nature. 2010 Nov 18;468(7322):452-6. doi: 10.1038/nature09489.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri 63110, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21085181" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: 3T3 Cells ; Animals ; Carrier Proteins/genetics/*metabolism ; Cells, Cultured ; Coronavirus/enzymology/genetics/immunology/physiology ; Fibroblasts ; Gene Expression Regulation/genetics/*immunology ; Humans ; Immunity, Innate/genetics/*immunology ; Interferons/deficiency/genetics/*immunology ; Methylation ; Methyltransferases/metabolism ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Models, Genetic ; Models, Immunological ; Neoplasm Proteins/genetics/metabolism ; Poxviridae/enzymology/genetics/immunology/physiology ; Protein Biosynthesis/immunology ; Proteins/genetics/*metabolism ; RNA Caps/genetics/immunology/*metabolism ; RNA, Viral/genetics/immunology/*metabolism ; Receptor, Interferon alpha-beta/deficiency/genetics ; Survival Rate ; Virus Replication ; West Nile virus/enzymology/genetics/immunology/physiology
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2015-09-19
    Description: The four genetically divergent dengue virus (DENV) types are traditionally classified as serotypes. Antigenic and genetic differences among the DENV types influence disease outcome, vaccine-induced protection, epidemic magnitude, and viral evolution. We characterized antigenic diversity in the DENV types by antigenic maps constructed from neutralizing antibody titers obtained from African green monkeys and after human vaccination and natural infections. Genetically, geographically, and temporally, diverse DENV isolates clustered loosely by type, but we found that many are as similar antigenically to a virus of a different type as to some viruses of the same type. Primary infection antisera did not neutralize all viruses of the same DENV type any better than other types did up to 2 years after infection and did not show improved neutralization to homologous type isolates. That the canonical DENV types are not antigenically homogeneous has implications for vaccination and research on the dynamics of immunity, disease, and the evolution of DENV.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Katzelnick, Leah C -- Fonville, Judith M -- Gromowski, Gregory D -- Bustos Arriaga, Jose -- Green, Angela -- James, Sarah L -- Lau, Louis -- Montoya, Magelda -- Wang, Chunling -- VanBlargan, Laura A -- Russell, Colin A -- Thu, Hlaing Myat -- Pierson, Theodore C -- Buchy, Philippe -- Aaskov, John G -- Munoz-Jordan, Jorge L -- Vasilakis, Nikos -- Gibbons, Robert V -- Tesh, Robert B -- Osterhaus, Albert D M E -- Fouchier, Ron A M -- Durbin, Anna -- Simmons, Cameron P -- Holmes, Edward C -- Harris, Eva -- Whitehead, Stephen S -- Smith, Derek J -- 089276/Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom -- DP1-OD000490-01/OD/NIH HHS/ -- HHSN266200700010C/PHS HHS/ -- HHSN272201000040I/HHSN27200004/D04/PHS HHS/ -- HHSN272201400008C/PHS HHS/ -- MR/K021885/1/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom -- Intramural NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Sep 18;349(6254):1338-43. doi: 10.1126/science.aac5017.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Center for Pathogen Evolution, Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge CB2 3EJ, UK. World Health Organization (WHO) Collaborating Center for Modeling, Evolution, and Control of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Cambridge CB2 3EJ, UK. National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. Division of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720-3370, USA. ; Center for Pathogen Evolution, Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge CB2 3EJ, UK. World Health Organization (WHO) Collaborating Center for Modeling, Evolution, and Control of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Cambridge CB2 3EJ, UK. Department of Viroscience, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam 3015 GE, Netherlands. ; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. ; Division of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720-3370, USA. ; Center for Pathogen Evolution, Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge CB2 3EJ, UK. World Health Organization (WHO) Collaborating Center for Modeling, Evolution, and Control of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Cambridge CB2 3EJ, UK. ; Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0ES, UK. ; Department of Medical Research, Ziwaka Road, Yangon, Myanmar. ; Institut Pasteur in Cambodia, Reseau International des Instituts Pasteur, Phnom Penh 12201, Cambodia. ; Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane 4001, Australia. Australian Army Malaria Institute, Brisbane 4051, Australia. ; Dengue Branch, Division of Vector-Borne Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, San Juan 00971, Puerto Rico. ; Department of Pathology and Center for Biodefense and Emerging Infectious Diseases, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA. Center for Tropical Diseases, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA. Institute for Human Infections and Immunity, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA. ; Department of Virology, Armed Forces Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. ; Department of Viroscience, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam 3015 GE, Netherlands. ; Center for Immunization Research, Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA. ; Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, Wellcome Trust Major Overseas Programme, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. Centre for Tropical Medicine, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7LJ, UK. Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne, Parkville 3010, Australia. ; Marie Bashir Institute for Infectious Diseases and Biosecurity, Charles Perkins Centre, School of Biological Sciences and Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney 2006, Australia. ; Center for Pathogen Evolution, Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge CB2 3EJ, UK. World Health Organization (WHO) Collaborating Center for Modeling, Evolution, and Control of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Cambridge CB2 3EJ, UK. Department of Viroscience, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam 3015 GE, Netherlands. djs200@cam.ac.uk.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26383952" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Antibodies, Neutralizing/immunology ; Antibodies, Viral/immunology ; Antigens, Viral/*immunology ; Cercopithecus aethiops ; Dengue Vaccines/immunology ; Dengue Virus/*classification/genetics/*immunology ; Evolution, Molecular ; Humans ; Immune Sera/immunology ; Phylogeny ; Serogroup ; Serotyping ; Vaccination ; Viral Envelope Proteins/genetics
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2016-04-02
    Description: The recent rapid spread of Zika virus and its unexpected linkage to birth defects and an autoimmune neurological syndrome have generated worldwide concern. Zika virus is a flavivirus like the dengue, yellow fever, and West Nile viruses. We present the 3.8 angstrom resolution structure of mature Zika virus, determined by cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM). The structure of Zika virus is similar to other known flavivirus structures, except for the ~10 amino acids that surround the Asn(154) glycosylation site in each of the 180 envelope glycoproteins that make up the icosahedral shell. The carbohydrate moiety associated with this residue, which is recognizable in the cryo-EM electron density, may function as an attachment site of the virus to host cells. This region varies not only among Zika virus strains but also in other flaviviruses, which suggests that differences in this region may influence virus transmission and disease.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4845755/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4845755/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Sirohi, Devika -- Chen, Zhenguo -- Sun, Lei -- Klose, Thomas -- Pierson, Theodore C -- Rossmann, Michael G -- Kuhn, Richard J -- R01 AI073755/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01 AI076331/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01AI073755/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01AI076331/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- Intramural NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2016 Apr 22;352(6284):467-70. doi: 10.1126/science.aaf5316. Epub 2016 Mar 31.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Markey Center for Structural Biology and Purdue Institute for Inflammation, Immunology and Infectious Disease, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA. ; Viral Pathogenesis Section, Laboratory of Viral Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27033547" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Cryoelectron Microscopy ; Glycosylation ; Humans ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Protein Structure, Tertiary ; Viral Envelope Proteins/chemistry/ultrastructure ; Viral Matrix Proteins/chemistry/ultrastructure ; Zika Virus/*chemistry/*ultrastructure
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 1983-09-30
    Description: An explosive eruption of Mount St. Helens on 19 March 1982 had substantial impact beyond the vent because hot eruption products interacted with a thick snowpack. A blast of hot pumice, dome rocks, and gas dislodged crater-wall snow that avalanched through the crater and down the north flank. Snow in the crater swiftly melted to form a transient lake, from which a destructive flood and lahar swept down the north flank and the North Fork Toutle River.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Waitt, R B Jr -- Pierson, T C -- Macleod, N S -- Janda, R J -- Voight, B -- Holcomb, R T -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Sep 30;221(4618):1394-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17759014" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2012-08-30
    Print ISSN: 0027-8424
    Electronic ISSN: 1091-6490
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 2012-09-12
    Description: Like baseball, immunity is a team effort. Various innate/adaptive humoral/cellular components work in unison to clear infections. Determining the importance of each baseball player/immune element to winning/clearing is more difficult than meets the eye. Just as mathematical modeling of individual contributions (“sabermetrics”) revolutionized baseball, “immunometrics” will change our concept of...
    Print ISSN: 0027-8424
    Electronic ISSN: 1091-6490
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 1983-02-01
    Print ISSN: 1470-9236
    Electronic ISSN: 2041-4803
    Topics: Geosciences
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 1973-08-01
    Print ISSN: 0008-4077
    Electronic ISSN: 1480-3313
    Topics: Geosciences
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 2010-10-18
    Print ISSN: 0016-7606
    Electronic ISSN: 1943-2674
    Topics: Geosciences
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