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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of Alcohol Washing and p H Value of Leaching Solution on Positive and Negative Charges in Ferruginous Soils (1963)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 198 (1963), S. 1018-1019 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Four ferruginous soils all having a pBL value of 4 in N potassium chloride were selected for an investigation of the effects of alcohol washing andpH value of leaching solution on the measurement of exchange capacity. This could be achieved by comparing the results from Schofield's method2 for ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/1981018a0
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Measurement of Exchangeable Aluminium in Acid Soils (1965)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 208 (1965), S. 712-712 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Neutral solutions of various salts will displace a definite amount of aluminium under standard experimental conditions. The quantity of aluminium released in this way may exceed the cation exchange capacity of the soil, so that some way must be found for distinguishing between the exchangeable and ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/208712a0
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Soil Ca, Al, acidity and penetration resistance with subsoiling, lime and gypsum treatments (1991)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Soil use and management 7 (1991), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1475-2743
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geosciences , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract. Crop growth on strongly weathered soils is often limited by soil compaction in addition to aluminium toxicity and/or calcium deficiency. This study examines the effects of subsoiling, lime and gypsum on penetrometer resistance, acidity, aluminium and calcium levels and cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) root growth on soils transitional between Cecil and Appling series (clayey, kaolinitic, thermic Typic Hapludults) in the Piedmont region of Georgia, USA. The main plots were subsoiled to depths of 0.35 or 0.80 m or untreated. Dolomitic limestone (0 or 4.03 t per hectare on subplots) and phosphogypsum (0 or 10 t per hectare on sub-subplots) were incorporated into the surface soil (0.15 m). Deep subsoiling (0.80 m depth) decreased penetrometer resistance at 0.3–0.5 m depth and increased yield in two of three years, but there was no response to shallow subsoiling (0.35 m depth). Lime increased yield when surface soil water pH prior to amendment was less than a Cate-Nelson critical value of 4.6. Gypsum moved downward much more rapidly than lime, increasing soil solution calcium ion activity to a depth of 0.8 m within 5 months of application. There were differences in clay content between replicate plots and calcium movement was faster where the clay content was less. Yield responses to gypsum in 1986 were attributed to increased root growth below 0.2 m resulting from the increased calcium ion activity. Yield response to gypsum in limed sub-subplots was significant only in 1986.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-2743.1991.tb00874.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Long-term Effects of Gypsum on Crop Yield and Subsoil Chemical Properties (1999)
    Springer
    Soil Science Society of America journal 63 (1999), S. 891-895 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-0661
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: -1 were sampled to evaluate its effects on soil profile chemical properties and yields of corn (Zea mays L.) and alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.). Even after 16 yr, the gypsum effects were still clearly visible. Exchangeable Ca and SO4 were higher down the soil profile in the gypsum than in the control treatment. A complementary reduction in exchangeable Al was observed in the gypsum treatment to the 80-cm depth. However, pH was not greatly altered down the profile. This amelioration of the effects of subsoil acidity was reflected in improved crop yields of both corn (29-50%) and alfalfa (≈ 50%) on the gypsum treatments. Because the gypsum effect is so long-lasting, its use as a subsoil acidity ameliorant becomes highly economic because the initially high cost can be amortized over an extended period of time.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amelioration of acid soil infertility by phosphogypsum (1990)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 128 (1990), S. 127-134 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: Al toxicity ; Ca deficiency ; displaced soil solution ; Glycine max L. ; Medicago sativa L. ; self-liming effect ; subsoil acidity ; sulfate-induced surface charging ; variable charge soils
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Amelioration of subsoil acidity requires an increase in Ca status along with a decrease in Al status in subsoil. In this study, effects of phosphogypsum (PG) on the amelioration of subsoil acidity have been evaluated, using cultivated and woodland subsoils representing Cecil, Wedowee (both Typic Hapludult) and Bladen (Typic Albaquult) series. Subsoil (0.6–0.8 m) samples were collected and treated with either PG (approximately 2 Mg ha-1 rate), Ca(NO3)2 or Mg(NO3)2 along with an unamended control treatment. A fertile topsoil amended with NH4NO3 was placed on top of all treated subsoil. Top and root growth of alfalfa [Medicago sativa (L.) cv. Hunter River] and soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr. cv. Lee] were significantly greater in PG-amended than in unamended pots of the Cecil and Wedowee soils, although most growth was observed with the Ca(NO3)2-amended treatment. In the Bladen soil, however, none of the amendments evoked a significant growth response in either alfalfa or soybean. The concentration of Ca in the displaced soil solution (in soils with no plants) as well as tissue levels of Ca suggest that the growth response was partly due to an improved Ca availability in both PG or Ca(NO3)2-treated soils. Exchangeable Al decreased in PG-amended soils. The self-liming effect of PG, which is a release of OH- due to ligand exchange between SO4 2- and OH-, as well as a decrease in exchangeable Al in PG-amended soil is greater in predominantly kaolinitic Cecil and Wedowee soils than in smectitic Bladen soil. As a result, significant growth response to PG amendment was observed in the Cecil and Wedowee soils, but not in the Bladen soil.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00011101
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Alfalfa,Medicago sativa L., in highly weathered, acid soils (1982)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 65 (1982), S. 27-33 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: Acid soil ; Acid tolerant germplasm ; Liming ; Nodulation ; P application ; Root dry weight ; Top dry weight
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Seedlings of a broad based population of alfalfa, (Medicago sativa L.), were visually selected for 2 generations (cycles) in an acid Cecil soil (pH=4.8). Simultaneously, 2 generations of selections were made in a limed Cecil soil (pH=6.2) amended with phosphorus. When tested in acid soil (pH=4.8) with added P, the cycle 2 acid selections yielded significantly more top yield than either the limed selections or the original seed. When grown in the limed soil (pH=6.2) without added P, the acid selections yielded significantly less. There were no significant differences among selections in other soil conditions (pH=4.8, no P added and pH=6.2, P added). Root weight and length and nodule fresh weight correlated well with top yield in all treatments. The yield of the 10 parent varieties and polycrossed seed of their cycle 1 acid and cycle 1 limed selections were compared under two soil conditions (acid and limed). The results of this test indicate that some varieties were more responsive to acid soil selection than other. Overall, none of the 10 varieties showed any decreases in total top yield due to one cycle of selection in either the acid or limed soil conditions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02376800
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Alfalfa,Medicago sativa L., in highly weathered, acid soils (1982)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 65 (1982), S. 187-192 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: Al toxicity ; Gypsum ; Liming ; Lucerne ; Top growth dry weight ; Water extraction
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Rooting into acid subsoils would be a desirable trait for alfalfa which should result in better water extraction and yield. In this study, the rooting depth into acid subsoils and top yield of alfalfa plants selected for acid tolerance were investigated in a repacked profile with a limed, fertile topsoil, but unamended, acid subsoil. The effects of subsoil modification by CaCO3 and CaSO4·2H2O addition on alfalfa rooting, top growth, and water extraction were also studied. Plants from acid selections rooted deeper into acid subsoil when compared to control plants (selected under limed conditions). However, the reverse response was found in the CaSO4·2H2O treated subsoil. There were no differences among selections for total top yield for any subsoil treatment. Water extraction from the lower subsoil and top growth yield (data pooled by selections) were improved mainly in the subsoil treatment containing the highest addition of CaCO3.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02374649
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Application of Beaufils' diagnostic indices to maize data published in the literature irrespective of age and conditions (1977)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 46 (1977), S. 359-369 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Recently Beaufils published a monograph entitled Diagnosis and Recommendation Integrated System (DRIS) in which he presented complete details of his experimental approach and calibration technique for making fertilizer and other practice recommendations for crops. The relevant literature on maize published by various workers throughout the world is studied in an attempt to show the general validity of this particular system. The data of various workers have been recalculated in terms of DRIS indices from which it can be shown that these indices introduce a distinct refinement in foliar diagnosis. This refinement consists in being able to diagnose intensities of plant requirements in terms of yield responses for any particular nutrient at any stage of plant growth. In all cases DRIS indices have been superior to those criteria used by the various authors in diagnosing nutrient requirements and uptake in maize. re]19750922
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00010092
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Alfalfa,Medicago sativa L., in highly weathered, acid soils (1981)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 59 (1981), S. 455-463 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: Acetylene reduction ; Acid soil ; Al uptake ; Liming ; N uptake ; Nodulation ; P application ; Plant persistence ; Root dry weight ; Seed germination ; Shoot dry weight
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary The effect of lime and P application on yield (top and root weigh), nodulation, intervally collected acetylene reduction (N2-fixation), and N and Al uptake of young alfalfa (46 days growth) were investigated in greenhouse pots containing acid Bladen or Bradson topsoils. The effect on seed germination and seedling persistence under these greenhouse conditions was also recorded. Alfalfa yield and acetylene reduction increased with lime and P additions in both soils, but, predominately, with P. There was no advantage of increasing these two parameters with liming past pH 6.0 provided P was adequate. Positive relationships (R2) existed between yield and acetylene reduction, and with both factors and root weight, nodule weight, and N uptake. Increased uptake of Al by alfalfa seedlings depressed yield, but data indicate P may block Al uptake at high soil pH. There were no treatment effects on seed germination, but P application increased plant persistence in the Bladen soil.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02184549
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Alfalfa,Medicago sativa L., in highly weathered, acid soils (1983)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 74 (1983), S. 431-436 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: Al ; Liming ; Lucerne ; Mn ; N content ; P application ; Selection ; Top-growth
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Previous selection of alfalfa for productivity in acid soil resulted in germplasms with more acid soil tolerance, but which required high P levels to be responsive. In this investigation, the field performance of alfalfa germplasms (selected in either acid or limed soil conditions) was evaluated over three years at varying soil pH and P levels. Advancement made by selection in high and low yielding soil environments was also determined. Increasing soil pH from 4.8 to 7.2 increased alfalfa dry matter yield as did increasing P application from 80 to 200 kg P ha−1. At the acid end, levels of Al and Mn were not found to be toxic, but N content of tissue increased with increasing soil pH indicating better N2-fixation due probably to improved Mo availability. In one of the three years, the acid selections yielded significantly higher than the base population when data were pooled for all soil conditions, but there was no advantage in low pH soil. Acid selections were also more responsive than limed selections to P application over all pH levels. Acid soil selection appeared advantageous in increasing the productivity of alfalfa for use in high yielding environments.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02181360
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