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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [s.l.] : Macmillan Magazines Ltd.
    Nature 390 (1997), S. 52-54 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Gas on the Sun's surface has been observed to flow away from the equator towards both poles. If the same flow persists to great depths, it could play an important dynamical role in the eleven-year sunspot cycle, by carrying the magnetic remnants of the sunspots to high latitudes. An even deeper ...
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [s.l.] : Macmillan Magazines Ltd.
    Nature 394 (1998), S. 653-655 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Giant convective cells have been predicted to exist in the Sun. Such cells should span the entire zone unstable to convective motions — now known to cover the outer 29 per cent of the Sun's radius — and could be dredging up the magnetic flux that is thought to be the source of solar ...
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 280 (1979), S. 845-845 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] THE reported1 influence of the solar and interplanetary magnetic sector structure on terrestrial atmospheric vorticity at the 500-mbar level during the winters of 1963-73 has been disputed by Williams and Gerety2. We consider, however, that the response has been remarkably constant if an apparent ...
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 277 (1979), S. 635-637 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] At Stanford the relative velocity between a central circular area of radius 0.5/? on the solar disk and most of the remaining area of the solar disk is measured. An optical scheme similar to that described in refs i and 2 is used and is described in detail by Dittmer3. Fig. 1 Superposed epoch ...
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1573-093X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Daily solar radio flux observations have been examined for a relationship to the large-scale photospheric magnetic field structure. Interplanetary magnetic field sector boundaries were used to indicate boundaries between photospheric field regions of opposite polarity. An enhancement in emission was found about four days before the boundary central meridian passage. Most of the effect came from emission near toward-to-away type boundaries. A higher level of emission appears to be associated with toward field regions than with away field regions.
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Solar physics 74 (1981), S. 421-432 
    ISSN: 1573-093X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract The apparent response of the vorticity area index to the solar magnetic field is confined to tropospheric regions of intense circulation. Discussions and calculations that include larger volumes of the troposphere would not be expected to show a significant Sun-weather effect. Analysis of the effect in time intervals outside the original 1963–73 is also discussed. An assessment of this Sun-weather effect at the present time is given.
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1573-093X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract The mean photospheric magnetic field of the sun seen as a star has been compared with the interplanetary magnetic field observed with spacecraft near the earth. Each change in polarity of the mean solar field is followed about 4 1/2 days later by a change in polarity of the interplanetary field (sector boundary). The scaling of the field magnitude from sun to near earth is within a factor of two of the theoretical value, indicating that large areas on the sun have the same predominant polarity as that of the interplanetary sector pattern. An independent determination of the zero level of the solar magnetograph has yielded a value of 0.1±0.05 G. An effect attributed to a delay of approximately one solar rotation between the appearance of a new photospheric magnetic feature and the resulting change in the interplanetary field is observed.
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Solar physics 153 (1994), S. 131-141 
    ISSN: 1573-093X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Sixteen years of WSO magnetogram data have been studied to determine the solar cycle variation and latitude dependence of the east-west inclination of photospheric magnetic field lines. East-west inclination is here defined as the angle between a field line and its local radial vector, as projected onto the plane of the latitude and line of sight. Inclination is determined by a least-squares fit of observed magnetic fields to a simple projection model, and is found to depend on polarity and to change with the solar cycle. Leading and following polarities are tipped towards each by about 9° and have an overall net tilt in the direction of rotation (to the west) of 0.6°. New cycles are seen to begin at high latitudes and to grow through the lower latitudes over approximately 5 years, providing evidence for an extended cycle length of 16–18 years.
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1573-093X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract In time-distance helioseismology, the travel time of acoustic waves is measured between various points on the solar surface. To some approximation, the waves can be considered to follow ray paths that depend only on a mean solar model, with the curvature of the ray paths being caused by the increasing sound speed with depth below the surface. The travel time is affected by various inhomogeneities along the ray path, including flows, temperature inhomogeneities, and magnetic fields. By measuring a large number of times between different locations and using an inversion method, it is possible to construct 3-dimensional maps of the subsurface inhomogeneities. The SOI/MDI experiment on SOHO has several unique capabilities for time-distance helioseismology. The great stability of the images observed without benefit of an intervening atmosphere is quite striking. It has made it possible for us to detect the travel time for separations of points as small as 2.4 Mm in the high-resolution mode of MDI (0.6 arc sec pixel-1). This has enabled the detection of the supergranulation flow. Coupled with the inversion technique, we can now study the 3-dimensional evolution of the flows near the solar surface.
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  • 10
    ISSN: 1573-093X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract The SOUP experiment demonstrated that photospheric surface flows can be measured by correlation tracking of white-light intensity features at high resolution (November et al., 1987). In order to assess the feasibility of this technique with observations made at lower resolution, we have applied it to the same SOUP data artificially degraded, but still free of seeing distortion. Comparison with the velocity structures inferred from the original data shows generally good agreement when the resolution is better than about 2″. The radial outflow from a sunspot penumbra, however, can only be seen with resolution of better than 1″. With resolution of worse than 2″, the inferred velocity fields rapidly lose coherence, while resolution of better than 1″ yields little improvement. We conclude that apertures as small as 10–14 cm on a space-based platform will be useful for the measurement of large-scale horizontal motions.
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