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  • 1
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    Electromagnetic shielding effectiveness of high loft activated carbon web prepared by using acrylic waste (2018)
    Institute of Physics (IOP)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-09-14
    Description: This work represents a novel method for the formation of activated carbon web using charcoal through physical activation in high temperature muffle furnace. The acrylic fibrous waste was separated from bath mats and transferred to carding machine which was transferred to needle punching machine for obtaining a compact structure of non-woven. The acrylic web was first stabilized at 250 °C with a heating rate of 50 °Chr -1 . The stabilized web was again raised to high temperature (700 °C, 900 °C and 1100 °C) using charcoal for single stage carbonization and activation. The impact of temperatures on the characteristics of carbon webs was analyzed in terms of yield, dusting, flexibility, XRD (x-ray diffraction analysis) and EDX (energy dispersive x-ray analysis). The EM (electromagnetic) shielding of prepared webs was analyzed by using wave guide method which measures shielding effectiveness at 2.45 GHz (high frequency region). It was found that shielding effectiveness incr...
    Print ISSN: 1757-8981
    Electronic ISSN: 1757-899X
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Published by Institute of Physics (IOP)
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  • 2
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    An Indian Ocean tsunami triggered remotely by an onshore earthquake in Balochistan, Pakistan (2014)
    Geological Society of America (GSA)
    In: Geology
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-09-20
    Description: This paper describes and documents instrumentally recorded tsunami waves that are interpreted as secondary effects of a 7.7 magnitude earthquake in southern Pakistan on 24 September 2013. The tsunami waves were almost unnoticed because the wave heights were low and the tsunami occurred at low tide. The historical record of tsunami events within the Arabian Sea (northern Indian Ocean) is fragmentary. Large tsunamigenic earthquakes are known to be generated in the Makran subduction zone, the area that forms the boundary of the Arabian and Eurasian plates. Submarine sliding is reported along the Owen Fracture Zone, which marks the boundary between the Arabian and Indian plates. Hence, the tsunami hazard potential within the Arabian Sea is enigmatic. Our analysis is based on sea-level oscillations recorded at various tide-gauge stations along the coastlines of Oman, Pakistan, and Iran, as well as eyewitness accounts of the event in Oman. Our results indicate that the waves were in the range of 1 m or less in height. They were first recorded along the eastern coast of Oman, and propagated toward the west. We suggest that the waves must have been triggered by a submarine slide on the Makran margin. Cascading effects resulting in large submarine slope failures within the Arabian Sea are more frequent than postulated. The hazard potential is underestimated, as such secondary effects of distant ruptures onshore were previously not taken into account.
    Print ISSN: 0091-7613
    Electronic ISSN: 1943-2682
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Geological Society of America (GSA)
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  • 3
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    Biodiversity and ecosystem functioning: current knowledge and future challenges (2001)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2001-10-27
    Description: The ecological consequences of biodiversity loss have aroused considerable interest and controversy during the past decade. Major advances have been made in describing the relationship between species diversity and ecosystem processes, in identifying functionally important species, and in revealing underlying mechanisms. There is, however, uncertainty as to how results obtained in recent experiments scale up to landscape and regional levels and generalize across ecosystem types and processes. Larger numbers of species are probably needed to reduce temporal variability in ecosystem processes in changing environments. A major future challenge is to determine how biodiversity dynamics, ecosystem processes, and abiotic factors interact.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Loreau, M -- Naeem, S -- Inchausti, P -- Bengtsson, J -- Grime, J P -- Hector, A -- Hooper, D U -- Huston, M A -- Raffaelli, D -- Schmid, B -- Tilman, D -- Wardle, D A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2001 Oct 26;294(5543):804-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Laboratoire d'Ecologie, UMR 7625, Ecole Normale Superieure, 46 rue d'Ulm, F-75230 Paris Cedex 05, France. Loreau@ens.fr〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11679658" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Ecology ; *Ecosystem ; *Environment ; Plant Physiological Phenomena
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 4
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    Ecology: Gini in the bottle (2009)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2009-04-03
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Naeem, Shahid -- England -- Nature. 2009 Apr 2;458(7238):579-80. doi: 10.1038/458579a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19340066" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Bacteria/drug effects/isolation & purification/*metabolism ; *Biodiversity ; Mice ; *Models, Biological ; Nitrates/metabolism ; Nitrites/metabolism ; *Selection, Genetic ; Stress, Physiological
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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  • 5
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    Monitoring the world's agriculture (2010)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2010-07-31
    Description: To feed the world without further damaging the planet, Jeffrey Sachs and 24 foodsystem experts call for a global data collection and dissemination network to track the myriad impacts of different farming practices.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Sachs, Jeffrey -- Remans, Roseline -- Smukler, Sean -- Winowiecki, Leigh -- Andelman, Sandy J -- Cassman, Kenneth G -- Castle, David -- DeFries, Ruth -- Denning, Glenn -- Fanzo, Jessica -- Jackson, Louise E -- Leemans, Rik -- Lehmann, Johannes -- Milder, Jeffrey C -- Naeem, Shahid -- Nziguheba, Generose -- Palm, Cheryl A -- Pingali, Prabhu L -- Reganold, John P -- Richter, Daniel D -- Scherr, Sara J -- Sircely, Jason -- Sullivan, Clare -- Tomich, Thomas P -- Sanchez, Pedro A -- England -- Nature. 2010 Jul 29;466(7306):558-60. doi: 10.1038/466558a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Earth Institute, Columbia University.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20671691" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Agriculture/*methods/trends ; Conservation of Natural Resources/*trends ; Cost-Benefit Analysis ; *Data Collection ; *Environment ; Food Supply ; Information Dissemination ; International Cooperation
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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  • 6
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    Ecology. Green with complexity (2008)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2008-02-16
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Naeem, Shahid -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2008 Feb 15;319(5865):913-4. doi: 10.1126/science.1154770.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Environmental Biology, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA. sn2121@columbia.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18276879" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Behavior, Animal ; Biodiversity ; *Ecosystem ; Feeding Behavior ; *Grasshoppers ; Photosynthesis ; *Plants/metabolism ; *Predatory Behavior ; *Spiders
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 7
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    Conservation. Ecosystem services for 2020 (2010)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2010-10-16
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Perrings, C -- Naeem, S -- Ahrestani, F -- Bunker, D E -- Burkill, P -- Canziani, G -- Elmqvist, T -- Ferrati, R -- Fuhrman, J -- Jaksic, F -- Kawabata, Z -- Kinzig, A -- Mace, G M -- Milano, F -- Mooney, H -- Prieur-Richard, A-H -- Tschirhart, J -- Weisser, W -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2010 Oct 15;330(6002):323-4. doi: 10.1126/science.1196431.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA. Charles.Perrings@asu.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20947748" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Biodiversity ; *Conservation of Natural Resources/trends ; *Ecosystem ; Environment ; Forecasting ; International Cooperation
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 8
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    Species loss and aboveground carbon storage in a tropical forest (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-10-22
    Description: Tropical forest biodiversity is declining, but the resulting effects on key ecosystem services, such as carbon storage and sequestration, remain unknown. We assessed the influence of the loss of tropical tree species on carbon storage by simulating 18 possible extinction scenarios within a well-studied 50-hectare tropical forest plot in Panama, which contains 227 tree species. Among extinction scenarios, aboveground carbon stocks varied by more than 600%, and biological insurance varied by more than 400%. These results indicate that future carbon storage in tropical forests will be influenced strongly by future species composition.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bunker, Daniel E -- Declerck, Fabrice -- Bradford, Jason C -- Colwell, Robert K -- Perfecto, Ivette -- Phillips, Oliver L -- Sankaran, Mahesh -- Naeem, Shahid -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Nov 11;310(5750):1029-31. Epub 2005 Oct 20.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Environmental Biology, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA. deb37@columbia.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16239439" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Biodiversity ; Biomass ; Carbon/*analysis ; Conservation of Natural Resources ; *Ecosystem ; Forestry ; Panama ; *Trees/growth & development ; *Tropical Climate ; Wood
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 9
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    Economic reasons for conserving wild nature (2002)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2002-08-10
    Description: On the eve of the World Summit on Sustainable Development, it is timely to assess progress over the 10 years since its predecessor in Rio de Janeiro. Loss and degradation of remaining natural habitats has continued largely unabated. However, evidence has been accumulating that such systems generate marked economic benefits, which the available data suggest exceed those obtained from continued habitat conversion. We estimate that the overall benefit:cost ratio of an effective global program for the conservation of remaining wild nature is at least 100:1.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Balmford, Andrew -- Bruner, Aaron -- Cooper, Philip -- Costanza, Robert -- Farber, Stephen -- Green, Rhys E -- Jenkins, Martin -- Jefferiss, Paul -- Jessamy, Valma -- Madden, Joah -- Munro, Kat -- Myers, Norman -- Naeem, Shahid -- Paavola, Jouni -- Rayment, Matthew -- Rosendo, Sergio -- Roughgarden, Joan -- Trumper, Kate -- Turner, R Kerry -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2002 Aug 9;297(5583):950-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Conservation Biology Group, Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EJ, UK. a.balmford@zoo.cam.ac.uk〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12169718" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Agriculture ; Aquaculture ; Conservation of Natural Resources/*economics ; Cost-Benefit Analysis ; Costs and Cost Analysis ; *Ecosystem ; Environment ; Forestry ; Humans ; Private Sector ; Trees
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 10
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    Biodiversity loss and its impact on humanity (2012)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2012-06-09
    Description: The most unique feature of Earth is the existence of life, and the most extraordinary feature of life is its diversity. Approximately 9 million types of plants, animals, protists and fungi inhabit the Earth. So, too, do 7 billion people. Two decades ago, at the first Earth Summit, the vast majority of the world's nations declared that human actions were dismantling the Earth's ecosystems, eliminating genes, species and biological traits at an alarming rate. This observation led to the question of how such loss of biological diversity will alter the functioning of ecosystems and their ability to provide society with the goods and services needed to prosper.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Cardinale, Bradley J -- Duffy, J Emmett -- Gonzalez, Andrew -- Hooper, David U -- Perrings, Charles -- Venail, Patrick -- Narwani, Anita -- Mace, Georgina M -- Tilman, David -- Wardle, David A -- Kinzig, Ann P -- Daily, Gretchen C -- Loreau, Michel -- Grace, James B -- Larigauderie, Anne -- Srivastava, Diane S -- Naeem, Shahid -- England -- Nature. 2012 Jun 6;486(7401):59-67. doi: 10.1038/nature11148.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉School of Natural Resources and Environment, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA. bradcard@umich.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22678280" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Biodiversity ; Climate Change/statistics & numerical data ; Consensus ; Ecology/methods/trends ; *Extinction, Biological ; *Human Activities ; Humans
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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