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  • 1
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    The behavioural and sensory ecology of Agaronia propatula (Caenogastropoda: Olividae), a swash-surfing predator on sandy beaches of the Panamic faunal province (2012)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2012-07-19
    Description: The genus Agaronia includes dominant predators in the eulittoral zone of dissipative sandy beaches of the tropical Eastern Pacific, which show specific adaptations to this environment such as swash-surfing locomotion. We studied A. propatula in its natural habitat in El Salvador and Costa Rica, and performed field experiments to obtain insights into its ecology, behaviour and sensory physiology. Agaronia propatula is not attracted by carrion and preys mostly on the ubiquitous beach snail Olivella semistriata . This, however, reflects community composition rather than prey specialization; A. propatula is an investigative hunter and will, quite literally, attack everything that moves (with the notable exception of echinoids). Prey is identified at short range by tactile and, to a lesser degree, by chemosensation located in the propodium. We found no evidence for long-distance sensory capabilities; A. propatula rather seems to rely on the regular physical structure of its wave-dominated environment when it moves between its shallow subtidal resting zone and its upper intertidal hunting grounds where potential prey predictably congregates. On the other hand, behavioural patterns such as the rapid yet haphazard cruising of foraging individuals, or the complex prey capture sequence in which the prey is transferred to a metapodial pouch, are similar in A. propatula and Oliva . Thus, our results lead us to speculate that the development of behavioural features that proved adaptive in the intertidal environment was essential in the evolution of Agaronia from Oliva -like ancestors.
    Print ISSN: 0260-1230
    Electronic ISSN: 1464-3766
    Topics: Biology
    Published by Oxford University Press
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  • 2
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    The shaping and functional consequences of the microRNA landscape in breast cancer (2013)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-05-07
    Description: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) show differential expression across breast cancer subtypes, and have both oncogenic and tumour-suppressive roles. Here we report the miRNA expression profiles of 1,302 breast tumours with matching detailed clinical annotation, long-term follow-up and genomic and messenger RNA expression data. This provides a comprehensive overview of the quantity, distribution and variation of the miRNA population and provides information on the extent to which genomic, transcriptional and post-transcriptional events contribute to miRNA expression architecture, suggesting an important role for post-transcriptional regulation. The key clinical parameters and cellular pathways related to the miRNA landscape are characterized, revealing context-dependent interactions, for example with regards to cell adhesion and Wnt signalling. Notably, only prognostic miRNA signatures derived from breast tumours devoid of somatic copy-number aberrations (CNA-devoid) are consistently prognostic across several other subtypes and can be validated in external cohorts. We then use a data-driven approach to seek the effects of miRNAs associated with differential co-expression of mRNAs, and find that miRNAs act as modulators of mRNA-mRNA interactions rather than as on-off molecular switches. We demonstrate such an important modulatory role for miRNAs in the biology of CNA-devoid breast cancers, a common subtype in which the immune response is prominent. These findings represent a new framework for studying the biology of miRNAs in human breast cancer.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Dvinge, Heidi -- Git, Anna -- Graf, Stefan -- Salmon-Divon, Mali -- Curtis, Christina -- Sottoriva, Andrea -- Zhao, Yongjun -- Hirst, Martin -- Armisen, Javier -- Miska, Eric A -- Chin, Suet-Feung -- Provenzano, Elena -- Turashvili, Gulisa -- Green, Andrew -- Ellis, Ian -- Aparicio, Sam -- Caldas, Carlos -- 11832/Cancer Research UK/United Kingdom -- Cancer Research UK/United Kingdom -- England -- Nature. 2013 May 16;497(7449):378-82. doi: 10.1038/nature12108. Epub 2013 May 5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute and Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Li Ka Shing Centre, Robinson Way, Cambridge CB2 0RE, UK.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23644459" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Algorithms ; Breast Neoplasms/*genetics/pathology ; DNA Copy Number Variations ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Gene Expression Profiling ; *Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ; Genome, Human/genetics ; Humans ; Kaplan-Meier Estimate ; MicroRNAs/*genetics/metabolism ; Prognosis ; Proportional Hazards Models ; RNA, Messenger/genetics/metabolism ; RNA, Neoplasm/genetics/metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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  • 3
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    The genomic and transcriptomic architecture of 2,000 breast tumours reveals novel subgroups (2012)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2012-04-24
    Description: The elucidation of breast cancer subgroups and their molecular drivers requires integrated views of the genome and transcriptome from representative numbers of patients. We present an integrated analysis of copy number and gene expression in a discovery and validation set of 997 and 995 primary breast tumours, respectively, with long-term clinical follow-up. Inherited variants (copy number variants and single nucleotide polymorphisms) and acquired somatic copy number aberrations (CNAs) were associated with expression in ~40% of genes, with the landscape dominated by cis- and trans-acting CNAs. By delineating expression outlier genes driven in cis by CNAs, we identified putative cancer genes, including deletions in PPP2R2A, MTAP and MAP2K4. Unsupervised analysis of paired DNA-RNA profiles revealed novel subgroups with distinct clinical outcomes, which reproduced in the validation cohort. These include a high-risk, oestrogen-receptor-positive 11q13/14 cis-acting subgroup and a favourable prognosis subgroup devoid of CNAs. Trans-acting aberration hotspots were found to modulate subgroup-specific gene networks, including a TCR deletion-mediated adaptive immune response in the 'CNA-devoid' subgroup and a basal-specific chromosome 5 deletion-associated mitotic network. Our results provide a novel molecular stratification of the breast cancer population, derived from the impact of somatic CNAs on the transcriptome.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3440846/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3440846/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Curtis, Christina -- Shah, Sohrab P -- Chin, Suet-Feung -- Turashvili, Gulisa -- Rueda, Oscar M -- Dunning, Mark J -- Speed, Doug -- Lynch, Andy G -- Samarajiwa, Shamith -- Yuan, Yinyin -- Graf, Stefan -- Ha, Gavin -- Haffari, Gholamreza -- Bashashati, Ali -- Russell, Roslin -- McKinney, Steven -- METABRIC Group -- Langerod, Anita -- Green, Andrew -- Provenzano, Elena -- Wishart, Gordon -- Pinder, Sarah -- Watson, Peter -- Markowetz, Florian -- Murphy, Leigh -- Ellis, Ian -- Purushotham, Arnie -- Borresen-Dale, Anne-Lise -- Brenton, James D -- Tavare, Simon -- Caldas, Carlos -- Aparicio, Samuel -- A7199/Cancer Research UK/United Kingdom -- P50HG02790/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- Cancer Research UK/United Kingdom -- England -- Nature. 2012 Apr 18;486(7403):346-52. doi: 10.1038/nature10983.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 2XZ, UK.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22522925" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Breast Neoplasms/classification/diagnosis/*genetics/*pathology ; DNA Copy Number Variations/*genetics ; Female ; *Gene Expression Profiling ; *Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ; Gene Regulatory Networks/genetics ; Genes, Neoplasm/genetics ; Genome, Human/*genetics ; Genomics ; Humans ; Kaplan-Meier Estimate ; MAP Kinase Kinase 4/genetics ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide/genetics ; Prognosis ; Protein Phosphatase 2/genetics ; Treatment Outcome
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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  • 4
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    Crenothrix are major methane consumers in stratified lakes (2017)
    Springer Nature
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-08-16
    Description: Crenothrix are major methane consumers in stratified lakes The ISME Journal 11, 2124 (September 2017). doi:10.1038/ismej.2017.77 Authors: Kirsten Oswald, Jon S Graf, Sten Littmann, Daniela Tienken, Andreas Brand, Bernhard Wehrli, Mads Albertsen, Holger Daims, Michael Wagner, Marcel MM Kuypers, Carsten J Schubert & Jana Milucka
    Print ISSN: 1751-7362
    Electronic ISSN: 1751-7370
    Topics: Biology
    Published by Springer Nature on behalf of The International Society for Microbial Ecology (ISME).
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  • 5
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    SMN deficiency alters Nrxn2 expression and splicing in zebrafish and mouse models of spinal muscular atrophy (2014)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-03-06
    Description: Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease affecting lower motor neurons. SMA is caused by mutations in the Survival Motor Neuron 1 ( SMN1 ) gene, which result in reduced levels of functional SMN protein. Biochemical studies have linked the ubiquitously expressed SMN protein to the assembly of pre-mRNA processing U snRNPs, raising the possibility that aberrant splicing is a major defect in SMA. Accordingly, several transcripts affected upon SMN deficiency have been reported. A second function for SMN in axonal mRNA transport has also been proposed that may likewise contribute to the SMA phenotype. The underlying etiology of SMA, however, is still not fully understood. Here, we have used a combination of genomics and live Ca 2+ imaging to investigate the consequences of SMN deficiency in a zebrafish model of SMA. In a transcriptome analyses of SMN-deficient zebrafish, we identified neurexin2a ( nrxn2a ) as strongly down-regulated and displaying changes in alternative splicing patterns. Importantly, the knock-down of two distinct nrxn2a isoforms phenocopies SMN-deficient fish and results in a significant reduction of motor axon excitability. Interestingly, we observed altered expression and splicing of Nrxn2 also in motor neurons from the Smn –/– ;SMN2 +/+ mouse model of SMA, suggesting conservation of nrxn2 regulation by SMN in mammals. We propose that SMN deficiency affects splicing and abundance of nrxn2a . This may explain the pre-synaptic defects at neuromuscular endplates in SMA pathophysiology.
    Print ISSN: 0964-6906
    Electronic ISSN: 1460-2083
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Published by Oxford University Press
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    High-frequency electrical pulse generation using optical rectification in bulk GaAs (2000)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 76 (2000), S. 2647-2649 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We present the realization of a traveling-wave electrical pulse generator using pure nonresonant instantaneous optical rectification in bulk GaAs. The optical excitation was achieved by far-infrared pulses of 1–6 ps duration in the wavelength range from 8 to 15 μm, generated by a free-electron laser. The coupling of the optical rectification polarization into the fundamental mode of the microstrip transmission line is verified by angle-resolved measurements. Since optical femtosecond pulses are now becoming readily available, this alternative technique, which gains in efficiency at shorter pulses, may find growing importance for ultrafast pulse generation. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.126432
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ene reactions of tricyclo[3.1.0.0^2^,^6]hex-1(6)-ene
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Tetrahedron 49 (1993), S. 3101-3108 
    Details
    ISSN: 0040-4020
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0040-4020(01)89892-6
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mass limit for Dirac-type magnetic monopoles
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Physics Letters B 262 (1991), S. 463-466 
    Details
    ISSN: 0370-2693
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0370-2693(91)90623-X
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Can extended objects explain the GSI e+ e− lines? (1991)
    Springer
    The European physical journal 340 (1991), S. 377-384 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-601X
    Keywords: 14.80.Pb ; 12.90.+b ; 23.20.Nx
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract The anomalous electron-positron coincidences observed in heavy-ion collisions have been interpreted as signal for the pair decay of hitherto unknown neutral objects with masses around 1.8 MeV. We discuss the decay modes of such extended composite particles when they are bound to a nucleus. In particular we investigate the angular correlation of the emitted pair and the competing single-photon decay channel. We confront the particle hypothesis with recent negative results from experiments searching for resonances in Bhabha scattering. The induced pair decay of a metastable 1++ state in secondary collisions with target atoms is discussed as a possible explanation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01290325
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The influence of giant resonances on the production of δ-electrons in heavy ion collisions (1992)
    Springer
    The European physical journal 343 (1992), S. 209-213 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-601X
    Keywords: 25.70.Ef
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Recently measuredδ-electron spectra from elastic U + Pd-collisions at 6.1 MeV/u show for small impact parameters enhancements up to two orders of magnitude relative to coupled-channel calculations which describeδ-electron production for larger impact parameters almost perfectly. If these deviations are interpreted as due to modified nuclear trajectories they imply most interesting structures of the internuclear potential at the Coulomb-barrier. We show that an alternative explanation, namely anδ-electron enhancement due to strong collective nuclear excitations, e.g. giant resonances, does not reproduce the experimental finding.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01291825
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