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  • 1
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    INCIDENCE AND CONSEQUENCES OF INHERITED ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS (1996)
    Annual Reviews
    Details
    Publication Date: 1996-11-01
    Print ISSN: 0066-4162
    Topics: Biology
    Published by Annual Reviews
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  • 2
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    Relationships among Defoliation, Red Oak Phenolics, and Gypsy Moth Growth and Reproduction (1988)
    Wiley
    Details
    Publication Date: 1988-02-01
    Print ISSN: 0012-9658
    Electronic ISSN: 1939-9170
    Topics: Biology
    Published by Wiley on behalf of Ecological Society of America.
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  • 3
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    Use of a Secondary Host by Non-Outbreak Populations of the Gypsy Moth (1987)
    Wiley
    Details
    Publication Date: 1987-08-01
    Print ISSN: 0012-9658
    Electronic ISSN: 1939-9170
    Topics: Biology
    Published by Wiley on behalf of Ecological Society of America.
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    INCIDENCE AND CONSEQUENCES OF INHERITED ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS (1996)
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics 27 (1996), S. 451-476 
    Details
    ISSN: 0066-4162
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Inherited environmental effects are those components of the phenotype that are derived from either parent, apart from nuclear genes. Inherited environmental effects arise as the product of parental genes and the parental environment, or their interation, and can include contributions that reflect the abiotic, nutritional, and other ecological features of a parental environment. Separating the impact of inherited environmental effects from inherited genetic effects on offspring phenotype variation has been and continues to be a challenge. This complexity is represented in the presentation of a qualitative model that distinguishes the possible paths of nongenetic cross-generational transmission. This model serves as the framework for considering the nature, in published works, of what was actually measured. Empirical evidence of inherited environmental effects arising from these pathways is documented for a diversity of plant and animal taxa. From these results one can conclude that the impact of inherited environmental effects on offspring can be positive or negative depending on the nature of the contribution and the ecological context in which the offspring exists. Finally, there is a description of theoretical and experimental efforts to understand the consequences of parental effects relative to their impact on population dynamics, the expression of adaptive phenotype plasticity, and character evolution.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.ecolsys.27.1.451
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Egg protein insolubility inLymantria dispar versus other forest Lepidoptera (1996)
    Springer
    Chemoecology 7 (1996), S. 74-84 
    Details
    ISSN: 1423-0445
    Keywords: protein solubility ; insect yolk protein ; buffering capacity ; phenolics ; Lepidoptera ; gypsy moth ; Lymantria dispar ; Malacosoma disstria ; Choristoneura rosaceana
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary A standard buffer (5 mM phosphate at pH 7) which is used to extract protein from insect eggs provided complete protein solubility for eggs from three of four tree-feeding lepidopteran species: obliquebanded leaf roller (Choristoneura rosaceana), forest tent caterpillar (Malacosoma disstria), and the eastern tent caterpillar (Malacosoma americanum). Under the same extraction protocol, egg proteins from the gypsy moth (Lymantria dispar), remained nearly insoluble. An array of methods typically used to solubilize insect egg proteins were tried and all but the most denaturing (2% SDS) were ineffective. Extraction buffers with typically high pH values were then evaluated. The results indicated that 1) solubility of gypsy moth egg proteins was pH dependent, and full solubility of most egg proteins required the extraction buffer to have a pH of 12 or more prior to the addition of eggs. We also determined that 2) the gypsy moth egg has a buffering capacity which must be surpassed for complete protein extraction, 3) low salt/high pH buffers gave slightly higher total protein values than did high salt/high pH buffers, 4) parental nutritional history (host species utilized) and egg developmental state (pre-embryonatedvs postembryonated/pre-hatch) were unrelated to the requirements for complete egg protein solubilization, and 5) the presence of soluble phenolics, compounds that have the potential to bind to protein and cause insolubility, was confirmed for the gypsy moth egg with 2-D paper chromatography and several other tests. Based on these results, we present a hypothesis about the cause of egg protein insolubility in the gypsy moth.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01239484
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Behavioral and growth responses of specialist herbivore,Homoeosoma electellum, to major terpenoid of its host,Helianthus SPP (1986)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 12 (1986), S. 1505-1521 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: Chemical defense ; feeding behavior ; glandular trichomes ; Helianthus ; herbivory ; Homoeosoma electellum ; Lepidoptera ; Pyralidae ; host-plant resistance ; plant-insect interactions ; sesquiterpene lactones ; terpenoids
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract The responses of a sunflower specialist,Homoeosoma electellum, the sunflower moth, to the terpenoids produced by its host plant,Helianthus, were measured. Larvae were reared on synthetic diet containing one of three concentrations of the dominant sesquiterpene lactone found in glandular trichomes ofH. maximilliani. Treatments were initiated at each of three larval ages. Pupal weight was significantly reduced, but the effect diminished as the larvae aged. Survival and development time were unaffected by various treatments. In behavioral tests, larvae showed no preference for untreated synthetic diet compared to diet containing the secondary compound at a concentration of 1% by dry weight. When the concentration was raised to 5%, all but last-instar larvae showed a significant preference for the untreated diet. A second behavioral test measured the damage done to whole florets and an array of floral parts offered to larvae of different ages. The damage pattern of floral tissues changed as the larvae grew older, demonstrating that the willingness of larvae to eat tissues contaminated with trichome contents increased with age. The value of the glandular trichome contents as a defense againstH. electellum is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01012368
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