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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Evaluation of interactions in blends of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers with poly(vinyl chloride) using model compounds (1989)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Macromolecules 22 (1989), S. 1289-1300 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-5835
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ma00193a049
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Orientation cues used by ants (1990)
    Springer
    Insectes sociaux 37 (1990), S. 101-115 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9098
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Description / Table of Contents: Resume Les modalités d'orientation utilisées dans le retour au nid sont étudiées au moyen de labyrinthes en Y dans 3 sous-familles de fourmis:Atta laevigata, Acromyrmex octospinosus, Acromyrmex rugosus, Trachymyrmex urichi, Ectatomma ruidum etPseudomyrmex termitarius. Les résultats montrent que les insectes utilisent plusieurs stratégies pour s'orienter dans le labyrinthe. Pour chaque espèce, les différentes modalités sont classées par ordre d'importance dans leur utilisation lors du retour au nid. Outre les repères visuels et chimiques, apparaît l'existence d'une orientation topochimique.P. termitarius utilise dans son orientation un sens kinesthétique. L'apprentissage des repères par la fourmi au laboratoire n'est pas en relation directe avec la hiérarchie des modalités d'orientation utilisées par chaque espèce dans le labyrinthe et apparaît en corrélation inverse avec la complexité sociale des espèces; le nombre de repères utilisés augmente par contre avec le degré évolutif de l'insecte. Une évolution divergente de ces stratégies d'orientation, même dans des espèces proches phylogénétiquement, est proposée.
    Notes: Summary The cues used for orientation during homing were examined in ants from 3 subfamilies, i.e.Atta laevigata, Acromyrmex octospinosus, Acromyrmex rugosus, Trachymyrmex urichi; Ectatomma ruidum andPseudomyrmex termitarius, by means of a Y-maze experiment. The results showed that ants use various cues for orientation through a maze. For each ant species, the cues may be classified in a kind of species-specific hierarchy according to their importance during homing. In addition to visual and chemical orientation, empirical evidence supporting the existence of a topochemical is presented.P. termitarius uses a kinesthetic sense for orientation. Learning of the cues in the laboratory is not directly related to the respective hierarchy used for orientation through a maze by each species, but seems to be inversely correlated with the social complexity of the species. The number of cues used for orientation correlates directly with the social complexity of the species. A divergent evolutionary development of orientation strategies, even among closely related species, is proposed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02224024
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Trinucleotide (CAG) repeat expansion in chromosomes of Spanish patients with Huntington's disease (1994)
    Springer
    Human genetics 〈Berlin〉 94 (1994), S. 563-564 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1203
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Huntington's disease (HD) is a neurodegenerative and hereditary disease characterized by progressive movement disorders and mental and behavioral abnormalities. The HD gene is an expanding and unstable trinucleotide repeat (CAG repeat sequences). We studied 77 individuals from 38 families with HD in an attempt to obtain information for genetic counselling and differential diagnosis. Our results indicate that individuals with more than 40 repeats will be affected by the disease, whereas those with fewer than 30 will be healthy. There can be some overlap between 30 and 40 repeats, and one should be careful when interpreting these results.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00211028
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Somatic stability in chorionic villi samples and other Huntington fetal tissues (1995)
    Springer
    Human genetics 〈Berlin〉 96 (1995), S. 229-232 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1203
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We have studied different tissues from two affected fetuses with Huntington's disease (HD). In the first case the analysis was performed at 11 weeks of pregnancy; CAG repeats from seven different tissues were compared with the results obtained in the chorionic villi sample (CVS). We found 42 CAG repeats in all samples. In the second case the study was done at 12 weeks; eight tissues (including brain) were studied and compared with the CVS; in all of them, 44 CAG repeats were obtained. Our results show a somatic stability in the different analyzed tissues and suggest that mitotic instability can be a secondary consequence of neuronal degeneration and gliosis. Likewise, our data show great viability in the prenatal diagnosis (PD) of Huntington's disease using samples from any tissue.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00207386
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Postural maintenance during movement: Simulations of a two joint model (1990)
    Springer
    Biological cybernetics 63 (1990), S. 363-375 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0770
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Computer Science , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Voluntary movements of the upper body are accompanied by anticipatory postural adjustments to the lower body in a standing subject. The long-standing hypothesis is that these anticipatory adjustments serve to counteract the perturbation to the body's center of gravity caused by the voluntary arm movement. This paper presents model simulations investigating the possible roles of anticipatory postural activity that accompanies a rapid, upward arm swing. The model encorporates two (idealized) antagonistic muscle pairs controlling the movements of a double-joint system, with a “shoulder joint” between the arm and stiff body links, and an “ankle joint” between the stiff body-leg segment and the ground. Each muscle is represented by a nonlinear viscoelastic element and also includes proprioceptive feedback. Four inputs to the model define the motor control signals for muscle force generation in both the arm and the postural muscle pairs. The neurological component of the model describes consequences of alternate strategies for cocontractions, stretch reflex activity, and anticipatory and synchronous postural activities (or combinations thereof). Simulations with this model show that: (1) none of the postural maintenance schemes considered in these simulations (including varying anticipation) could suppress the initial backward thrust on the body link; (2) the more important destabilizing perturbation is a subsequent forward sway that, left uncountered by postural activity, would eventually leave the body to fall flat on its face; and (3) anticipatory silencing of the postural extensor followed by a brief period of extensor activation (descending control) and synchronous reflex activity (feedback control) appears to be the most likely postural stabilizing strategy that inhibits the continuous forward sway and is consistent with the experimental evidence.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00202753
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Heavy Metals in Shrimp Culture Areas from the Gulf of Fonseca, Central America. II. Cultured Shrimps (1998)
    Springer
    Bulletin of environmental contamination and toxicology 60 (1998), S. 260-265 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0800
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001289900619
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Photoelectron spectroscopy via the 1 1Δu state of diacetylene (2002)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 116 (2002), S. 4011-4022 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Photoelectron spectra are reported for one-photon resonant, two-photon ionization of jet-cooled diacetylene via a number of vibronic levels of the 1 1Δu state. An improved value for the adiabatic ionization threshold is found to be 82 064±30 cm−1 (10.175±0.004 eV), in good agreement with the earlier result. The photoelectron spectra of different vibronic bands of the 1 1Δu state nearly all show long progressions in what appear to be low frequency bending vibrations. At energies just above the ionization threshold, the observed progressions can be understood in terms of excitation of a single Renner-Teller active mode in the ion, with Renner-Teller parameters similar to those of the ν4+ trans-bending mode in the ground state acetylene cation. © 2002 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1448488
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Biochemical characterisation of flagellates isolated from fruits and seeds from Brazil (1999)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology letters 170 (1999), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Seven flagellates of the family Trypanosomatidae have been isolated from different fruits and seeds from Brazil, three from tomato fruit (Lycopersicum esculentum), one from urucum fruit (Bixa orellana), two from maize kernels (Zea mays) and one from bean (Phaseolus vulgaris). These isolates were characterised by isoenzymatic analysis, using nine enzymatic systems and the isoenzymatic profiles were compared with those obtained from different flagellates already described as belonging to the genera Phytomonas, Herpetomonas and Crithidia. Most of the isoenzymes were able to distinguish the new plant isolates from insect trypanosomatids (Herpetomonas and Crithidia). Six of the isolates could be ascribed to the genus Phytomonas, five of them being phylogenetically closely related to Phytomonas serpens. The new isolates excreted the same metabolic end-products into the external medium and only small quantitative differences were found among the different isolates.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6968.1999.tb13393.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Survey of herbicide residues in soil and wells in three citrus orchards in Valencia, Spain (1991)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Weed research 31 (1991), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3180
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Soil samples taken in summer 1989 and winter 1990 at different depths from three citrus orchards of the Valencia region (Spain) with a long history of residual herbicide treatments were analysed with bioassays and chromatographic procedures. The herbicides involved were atrazine, bromacil, diuron, simazine, terbuthylazine, terbumetone, terbutryn and trifluralin. Water samples from wells in the orchards were also analysed. The concentrations of the herbicides were very low, often below the limit of determination, and were always highest in the upper layers of soil. After a very unusual period of heavy rain, small quantities of some chemicals were found in the well water. The conclusion was that in these orchards the herbicides applied at currently used rates are unlikely to accumulate in any layers of the soil.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3180.1991.tb01753.x
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Antiferromagnetic standing-spin-wave resonance in epitaxial films of MnF2 (1990)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 67 (1990), S. 5518-5520 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Standing-spin-wave resonance (SSWR) modes have been observed in an antiferromagnet for the first time. The experiments were performed on MnF2 films of thicknesses t=0.98 and 0.23 μm, grown epitaxially on carefully polished (001) Mn0.99Fe0.01F2 substrates. An intervening 1.0-μm-thick homoepitaxial, buffer layer of Mn0.99Fe0.01F2 was first deposited to improve both the epitaxial growth and thickness uniformity of the final MnF2 film. The observed SSWR modes exhibit spacings ΔHn appropriate to the boundary conditions in which the spins are pinned at both interfaces. From the spacings of the modes, a value of the spin-wave stiffness constant is obtained which is in good agreement with the calculated value from the known exchange and anisotropy interactions of bulk MnF2.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.345870
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