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Imprinting control regions (ICRs) are marked by mono-allelic bivalent chromatin when transcriptionally inactive (2016)

Maupetit-Mehouas, S., Montibus, B., Nury, D., Tayama, C., Wassef, M., Kota, S. K., Fogli, A., Cerqueira Campos, F., Hata, K., Feil, R., Margueron, R., Nakabayashi, K., Court, F., Arnaud, P.

Oxford University Press

In: Nucleic Acids Research

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Publication Date: 2016-01-30

Description: Parental allele-specific expression of imprinted genes is mediated by imprinting control regions (ICRs) that are constitutively marked by DNA methylation imprints on the maternal or paternal allele. Mono-allelic DNA methylation is strictly required for the process of imprinting and has to be faithfully maintained during the entire life-span. While the regulation of DNA methylation itself is well understood, the mechanisms whereby the opposite allele remains unmethylated are unclear. Here, we show that in the mouse, at maternally methylated ICRs, the paternal allele, which is constitutively associated with H3K4me2/3, is marked by default by H3K27me3 when these ICRs are transcriptionally inactive, leading to the formation of a bivalent chromatin signature. Our data suggest that at ICRs, chromatin bivalency has a protective role by ensuring that DNA on the paternal allele remains unmethylated and protected against spurious and unscheduled gene expression. Moreover, they provide the proof of concept that, beside pluripotent cells, chromatin bivalency is the default state of transcriptionally inactive CpG island promoters, regardless of the developmental stage, thereby contributing to protect cell identity.

Print ISSN: 0305-1048

Electronic ISSN: 1362-4962

Topics: Biology

Published by Oxford University Press

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Role of the polycomb protein EED in the propagation of repressive histone marks (2009)

R. Margueron ; N. Justin ; K. Ohno ; [et al.]

Nature Publishing Group (NPG)

In: Nature. 461(7265): 762-7. doi: 10.1038/nature08398.

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Publication Date: 2009-09-22

Description: Polycomb group proteins have an essential role in the epigenetic maintenance of repressive chromatin states. The gene-silencing activity of the Polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2) depends on its ability to trimethylate lysine 27 of histone H3 (H3K27) by the catalytic SET domain of the EZH2 subunit, and at least two other subunits of the complex: SUZ12 and EED. Here we show that the carboxy-terminal domain of EED specifically binds to histone tails carrying trimethyl-lysine residues associated with repressive chromatin marks, and that this leads to the allosteric activation of the methyltransferase activity of PRC2. Mutations in EED that prevent it from recognizing repressive trimethyl-lysine marks abolish the activation of PRC2 in vitro and, in Drosophila, reduce global methylation and disrupt development. These findings suggest a model for the propagation of the H3K27me3 mark that accounts for the maintenance of repressive chromatin domains and for the transmission of a histone modification from mother to daughter cells.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3772642/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉 〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3772642/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Margueron, Raphael -- Justin, Neil -- Ohno, Katsuhito -- Sharpe, Miriam L -- Son, Jinsook -- Drury, William J 3rd -- Voigt, Philipp -- Martin, Stephen R -- Taylor, William R -- De Marco, Valeria -- Pirrotta, Vincenzo -- Reinberg, Danny -- Gamblin, Steven J -- GM064844/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- GM37120/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- MC_U117584222/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom -- R01 GM064844/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM064844-08/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- Howard Hughes Medical Institute/ -- Medical Research Council/United Kingdom -- England -- Nature. 2009 Oct 8;461(7265):762-7. doi: 10.1038/nature08398. Epub 2009 Sep 20.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Department of Biochemistry, New York University Medical School, 522 First Avenue, New York, New York 10016, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19767730" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉

Keywords: Allosteric Regulation ; Animals ; Cell Line ; Chromatin/chemistry/*genetics/metabolism ; Crystallography, X-Ray ; Drosophila Proteins/chemistry/genetics/*metabolism ; Drosophila melanogaster/*genetics/growth & development/*metabolism ; Enzyme Activation ; *Gene Silencing ; Histone-Lysine N-Methyltransferase/chemistry/metabolism ; Histones/*chemistry/*metabolism ; Lysine/analogs & derivatives/metabolism ; Methylation ; Models, Biological ; Models, Molecular ; Nuclear Proteins/metabolism ; Nucleosomes/chemistry/genetics/metabolism ; Polycomb Repressive Complex 2 ; Protein Binding ; Protein Structure, Tertiary ; Repressor Proteins/chemistry/genetics/*metabolism ; Substrate Specificity

Print ISSN: 0028-0836

Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687

Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics

Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)

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The Polycomb complex PRC2 and its mark in life (2011)

R. Margueron ; D. Reinberg

Nature Publishing Group (NPG)

In: Nature. 469(7330): 343-9. doi: 10.1038/nature09784.

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Publication Date: 2011-01-21

Description: Polycomb group proteins maintain the gene-expression pattern of different cells that is set during early development by regulating chromatin structure. In mammals, two main Polycomb group complexes exist - Polycomb repressive complex 1 (PRC1) and 2 (PRC2). PRC1 compacts chromatin and catalyses the monoubiquitylation of histone H2A. PRC2 also contributes to chromatin compaction, and catalyses the methylation of histone H3 at lysine 27. PRC2 is involved in various biological processes, including differentiation, maintaining cell identity and proliferation, and stem-cell plasticity. Recent studies of PRC2 have expanded our perspectives on its function and regulation, and uncovered a role for non-coding RNA in the recruitment of PRC2 to target genes.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3760771/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉 〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3760771/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Margueron, Raphael -- Reinberg, Danny -- 4R37GM037120/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM064844/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01GM064844/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R37 GM037120/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- Howard Hughes Medical Institute/ -- England -- Nature. 2011 Jan 20;469(7330):343-9. doi: 10.1038/nature09784.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Institut Curie, 26 Rue d'Ulm, 75005 Paris, France.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21248841" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉

Keywords: Animals ; Cell Differentiation/genetics ; Chromatin/genetics/metabolism ; Evolution, Molecular ; Genome/genetics ; Histone-Lysine N-Methyltransferase/chemistry/*metabolism ; Histones/chemistry/metabolism ; Humans ; Methylation ; Neoplasms/genetics/metabolism ; Polycomb-Group Proteins ; Repressor Proteins/chemistry/*metabolism

Print ISSN: 0028-0836

Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687

Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics

Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)

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Transdifferentiation. Sequential histone-modifying activities determine the robustness of transdifferentiation (2014)

S. Zuryn ; A. Ahier ; M. Portoso ; [et al.]

American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)

In: Science. 345(6198): 826-9. doi: 10.1126/science.1255885.

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Publication Date: 2014-08-16

Description: Natural interconversions between distinct somatic cell types have been reported in species as diverse as jellyfish and mice. The efficiency and reproducibility of some reprogramming events represent unexploited avenues in which to probe mechanisms that ensure robust cell conversion. We report that a conserved H3K27me3/me2 demethylase, JMJD-3.1, and the H3K4 methyltransferase Set1 complex cooperate to ensure invariant transdifferentiation (Td) of postmitotic Caenorhabditis elegans hindgut cells into motor neurons. At single-cell resolution, robust conversion requires stepwise histone-modifying activities, functionally partitioned into discrete phases of Td through nuclear degradation of JMJD-3.1 and phase-specific interactions with transcription factors that have conserved roles in cell plasticity and terminal fate selection. Our results draw parallels between epigenetic mechanisms underlying robust Td in nature and efficient cell reprogramming in vitro.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Zuryn, Steven -- Ahier, Arnaud -- Portoso, Manuela -- White, Esther Redhouse -- Morin, Marie-Charlotte -- Margueron, Raphael -- Jarriault, Sophie -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2014 Aug 15;345(6198):826-9. doi: 10.1126/science.1255885.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Development and Stem Cells, Institut de Genetique et de Biologie Moleculaire et Cellulaire, CNRS UMR 7104/INSERM U964, Universite de Strasbourg, 67404 Illkirch CU Strasbourg, France. ; Institut Curie, INSERM U934, CNRS UMR3215, 26, Rue d'Ulm, 75005 Paris, France. ; Department of Development and Stem Cells, Institut de Genetique et de Biologie Moleculaire et Cellulaire, CNRS UMR 7104/INSERM U964, Universite de Strasbourg, 67404 Illkirch CU Strasbourg, France. sophie@igbmc.fr.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25124442" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉

Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Animals, Genetically Modified ; Caenorhabditis elegans/*cytology/genetics ; Caenorhabditis elegans Proteins/chemistry/genetics/*metabolism ; Cell Dedifferentiation ; Cell Nucleus/metabolism/ultrastructure ; *Cell Transdifferentiation ; Digestive System/cytology ; Histone Demethylases/chemistry/genetics/*metabolism ; Histone-Lysine N-Methyltransferase/genetics/*metabolism ; Histones/*metabolism ; Lysine/metabolism ; Methylation ; Models, Biological ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Motor Neurons/*cytology ; Transcription Factors/metabolism

Print ISSN: 0036-8075

Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203

Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics

Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)

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