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  • 1
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    In:  CASI
    Publication Date: 2006-10-26
    Description: Wave forecasting by use of satellite-borne radar to survey ocean on synoptic scale
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2011-08-16
    Description: Measuring radar sea return as function of wave height and wind speed for fully developed seas
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: NASA. MANNED SPACECRAFT CENTER EARTH RESOURCES AIRCRAFT PROGRAM STATUS REV., VOL. 3 1968 (SEE N71-16166 06-13)
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  • 3
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    In:  Other Sources
    Publication Date: 2011-08-16
    Keywords: GENERAL
    Type: NASA. Johnson Space Center Oceans from Space; p 104-130
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2016-06-07
    Description: Studies of radar backscatter from the sea surface are referred either to the wind speed, U, or friction velocity, u(sub *). Bragg scattering theory suggests that these variations in backscatter are directly related to the height of the capillary-gravity waves modulated by the larger waves in tilt and by straining of the short wave field. The question then arises as to what characteristic of the wind field is most probably correlated with the wave number spectrum of the capillary-gravity waves. The justification for selecting U as the appropriate meteorological parameter to be associated with backscatter from L-band to Ku-band are reviewed. Both theoretical reasons and experimental evidence are used to demonstrate that the dominant parameter is U/C(lambda) where U is the wind speed at a height of about lambda/2 for waves having a phase speed of C(lambda).
    Keywords: COMMUNICATIONS AND RADAR
    Type: NASA. Marshall Space Flight Center Frontiers of Remote Sensing of the Oceans and Troposphere from Air and Space Platforms; p 75-87
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: A model for the wavenumber spectrum for fully developed seas is derived as a function of the mean wind gradient. The high wavenumber part of the spectrum, which defines the Bragg wavenumbers, is an equilibrium spectrum in balance by a wind forcing term determined by viscous dissipation, which is a strong function of water temperature, and dissipation by breaking and microbreaking. The low wavenumber spectrum, constructed from surface elevation observations of gravity waves, is merged with the high wavenumber spectrum. Parameters are adjusted to fit circle flight data for Ku-band. The full spectrum is used in the two-scale Bragg scattering theory, plus specular reflection, to compute backscatter as a function of wind speed, direction, incidence angle, and water temperature (which determines viscosity) for Ku-band.
    Keywords: OCEANOGRAPHY
    Type: ESA Proceedings of the 1986 International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS '86) on Remote Sensing: Today's Solutions for Tomorrow's Information Needs, Volume 1; p 291-296
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: The backscatter model of Donelan and Pierson (1986) was adjusted to fit Ku-Band at 13.9 GHz. Data from L to Ka-band are used to test the model. In general, there is no power law. When the wind drops below certain threshold speeds there may be no detectable Bragg backscatter. Saturation may occur at high winds. Results from the Seasat-SASS are used to substantiate the predictions of the model. Suggestions for experiments for determining the overall validity of the model are made.
    Keywords: OCEANOGRAPHY
    Type: ESA Proceedings of the 1986 International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS '86) on Remote Sensing: Today's Solutions for Tomorrow's Information Needs, Volume 1; p 297-302
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 2019-05-30
    Description: Imaging and altimeter-type radar employed in orbiting spacecraft for high resolution mapping, scattering cross section studies, climatology, etc
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 2019-05-29
    Description: Side-looking radar spacecraft application to mapping, imagery, altimetry, geology, pedology, glaciology, agriculture, and oceanography
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: NASA-CR-70387
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: Reservations were expressed concerning the sum of squares wind recovery algorithm and the power law model function. The SAS sum of squares (SOS) method for recovering winds from backscatter data leads to inconsistent results when V pol and H pol winds are compared. A model function that does not use a power law and that accounts for sea surface temperature is needed and is under study both theoretically and by means of the SASS mode 4 data. Aspects of the determination of winds by means of scatterometry and of the utilization of vector wind data for meteorological forecasts are elaborated. The operational aspect of an intermittent assimilation scheme currently utilized for the specification of the initial value field is considered with focus on quantifying the absolute 12-hour linear displacement error of the movement of low centers.
    Keywords: EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Type: E85-10091 , NASA-CR-175526 , NAS 1.26:175526
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: Dealiased SEASAT SEASAT A Scatterometer System SASS vector winds obtained during the Gulf Of Alaska SEASAT Experiment GOASEX program are processed to obtain superobservations centered on a one degree by one degree grid. The grid. The results provide values for the combined effects of mesoscale variability and communication noise on the individual SASS winds. These superobservations winds are then processed further to obtain estimates of synoptic scale vector winds stress fields, the horizontal divergence of the wind, the curl of the wind stress and the vertical velocity at 200 m above the sea surface, each with appropriate standard deviations of the estimates for each grid point value. They also explain the concentration of water vapor, liquid water and precipitation found by means of the SMMR Scanning Multichannel Microwave Radiometer at fronts and occlusions in terms of strong warm, moist air advection in the warm air sector accompanied by convergence in the friction layer. Their quality is far superior to that of analyses based on conventional data, which are shown to yield many inconsistencies.
    Keywords: EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Type: E84-10169 , NASA-CR-3810 , NAS 1.26:3810
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