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  • 1
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    Protein synthesis in mouse embryos with experimentally produced asynchrony between chromosome replication and cell division (1983)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 1983-01-01
    Print ISSN: 0949-944X
    Electronic ISSN: 1432-041X
    Topics: Biology
    Published by Springer
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  • 2
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    Protein synthesis in enuleated fertilized and unfertilized mouse eggs (1980)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-10-01
    Print ISSN: 0949-944X
    Electronic ISSN: 1432-041X
    Topics: Biology
    Published by Springer
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  • 3
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    Early developmental changes of the lactate dehydrogenase isoenzyme pattern in mouse, rat, guinea-pig, Syrian hamster and rabbit (1973)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 1973-11-01
    Print ISSN: 0340-6717
    Electronic ISSN: 1432-1203
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Published by Springer
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  • 4
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    Control of inner cell mass development in cultured mouse blastocysts (1977)
    Springer Nature
    Details
    Publication Date: 1977-01-01
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Springer Nature
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Protein synthesis in mouse embryos with experimentally produced asynchrony between chromosome replication and cell division (1983)
    Springer
    Development genes and evolution 192 (1983), S. 138-144 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-041X
    Keywords: Mouse embryogenesis ; Cytochalasin B ; Polyploid ; Chromosome replication ; Protein synthesis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The cleavage of fertilized mouse eggs was prevented during cytochalasin B incubation and consequently these eggs became tetraploid the following day during in vitro culture. When the eggs were cultured further in normal medium, they cleaved and gave rise to tetraploid blastocysts. Protein synthesis was analysed in these embryos at different developmental stages using two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The protein synthesis pattern of one-cell tetraploid eggs was intermediate between those of normal one- and two-cell embryos. Tetraploid two-cell embryos expressed protein sets equivalent to those of untreated four-cell embryos, and tetraploid four-cell embryos synthesized proteins similar to those of four- to eight-cell controls. At subsequent pre-implantation stages the asynchrony was no longer detectable. When fertilized eggs were cultured continuously in the presence of cytochalasin B, they became tetraploid, octoploid and more and more polyploid without cleavage occurring. The protein synthesis patterns expressed by these one-cell polyploid eggs did not resemble that of normal fertilized eggs, but were similar to those of cleaving control embryos and blastocysts of equivalent age and nuclear division. These results strongly suggest that in early mouse embryos stage-specific translation is temporally correlated with chromosome replication (karyokinesis) and independent of cell division (cytokinesis) or cell interaction.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00848682
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Protein synthesis in enuleated fertilized and unfertilized mouse eggs (1980)
    Springer
    Development genes and evolution 189 (1980), S. 215-219 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-041X
    Keywords: Mouse eggs ; Microsurgical enucleation ; Maternal mRNA ; Protein synthesis ; 2-Dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Fertilized and unfertilized C57BL/6J eggs were microsurgically enucleated and then analyzed for their capacity to synthesize proteins using 2-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. In both types of enucleated eggs (cytoplasts), protein synthesis continued and was still detected up to three days in culture. Shortly after enucleation, the pattern of polypeptides remained similar to the respective non-operated control eggs but it later became gradually reduced in intensity and complexity. After two days of culture the appearance of some new proteins typical for 2-cell embryos was observed in enucleated fertilized eggs only. Our findings suggest that maternal mRNA stored during oogenesis is utilized during the preimplantation period.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00868680
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Early developmental changes of the lactate dehydrogenase isoenzyme pattern in mouse, rat, guinea-pig, Syrian hamster and rabbit (1973)
    Springer
    Human genetics 〈Berlin〉 20 (1973), S. 125-131 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1203
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Bei Maus, Ratte, Meerschwein und Goldhamster wurde das LDH-Isoenzymmuster während der preimplantativen und frühen postimplantativen Entwicklung mit Hilfe der Mikro-Disk-Elektrophorese untersucht. Dabei fand sich vor der Implantation nur LDH1 (β-Untereinheiten), nach der Implantation zunächst nur LDH5 (α-Untereinheiten); weitere Isoenzyme kamen in Abhängigkeit vom Alter der Embryonen später hinzu. Daraus kann geschlossen werden, daß bei Rodentiern allgemein während der preimplantativen Entwicklung ausschließlich der aus β-Ketten bestehende mütterlich übertragen LDH-Vorrat vorhanden ist und die Aktivierung der embryonalen LDH-Gene erst nach der Implantation erfolgt. Dabei wird zuerst das Gen für α-Ketten und später das Gen für β-Ketten der LDH aktiviert. Im Gegensatz dazu werden beim Kaninchen offensichtlich die embryonalen LDH-Gene bereits längere Zeit vor der Implantation aktiviert: während in Oocyten aus dem Ovar wie bei Rodentiern ebenfalls nur β-Ketten nachweisbar sind, können bei 86 Std alten Embryonen (mittlere Blastocyste) mehrere LDH-Isoenzyme nachgewiesen werden, an deren Bildung α- und β-Untereinheiten beteiligt sind.
    Notes: Summary The LDH-isoenzyme pattern was studied by microdisc electrophoresis in pre-implantation and early post-implantation embryos of the mouse, rat, guinea-pig and Syrian hamster. Prior to implantation only LDH1 (β subunits) is present. After implantation only LDH5 (α subunits) is demonstrable; additional isoenzymes appear subsequently. This indicates that in rodent species in general the total pre-implantation LDH activity is based on the maternally transmitted β subunits while the activation of the embryonal LDH genes starts only with implantation. Moreover, the gene for α-subunits is activated first and the gene for β subunits follows later on. As in rodents, LDH1 is also the only LDH isoenzyme present in the ovarian oocyte in the rabbit. However, in contrast to rodents, the embryonal LDH genes start functioning long before implantation in the rabbit: in the 86-hour-old rabbit embryo (middle blastocyst) isoenzymes formed of α and β subunits are already present.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00284847
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Spontaneous parthenogenesis in Mus musculus: Comparison of protein synthesis in parthenogenetic and normal preimplantation embryos (1980)
    Springer
    Molecular genetics and genomics 180 (1980), S. 547-552 
    Details
    ISSN: 1617-4623
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary In preimplantation stages of normal and spontaneously activated parthenogenetic embryos of the LT/Sv mouse strain, protein synthesis was analyzed by using two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Fertilization and parthenogenetic activation cause similar changes of polypeptide synthesis when compared with those of unfertilized eggs. The overt developmental delay of early parthenotes, which is probably due to an initial retarded activation in comparison with normal fertilization, is documented molecularly by a similar delay in their protein synthesis pattern. These differences are clearly visible at the two-cell stage but gradually disappear during further cleavage. The basic protein patterns of normal and parthenogenetic embryos are remarkably similar up to the blastocyst stage. However, quantitative differences occur in all preimplantation embryos analyzed and become more distinct at the blastocyst stage. In addition, only minor qualitative changes appear during late preimplantation. These alterations in protein synthesis may reflect at the molecular level early events in abnormal development of parthenotes. Our biochemical results are discussed in context with biological experiments rescuing parthenogenetic LT/ Sv embryos by chimera formation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00268059
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Protein synthesis in microsurgically produced androgenetic and gynogenetic mouse embryos (1981)
    Springer
    Molecular genetics and genomics 184 (1981), S. 11-16 
    Details
    ISSN: 1617-4623
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary In order to compare paternal and maternal gene activity at the protein synthesis level during early development, androgenetic and gynogenetic mouse embryos were experimentally produced by microsurgically removing either the female or the male pronucleus from fertilized mouse eggs. The resulting haploid eggs were diploidized in a medium containing cytochalasin B and then cultured under normal conditions to the blastocyst stage. Protein synthesis was analyzed at different stages of preimplantation development using 2-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Both types of uniparental embryos synthesized a similar set of proteins independent of whether the paternal or the maternal genome was present. The isodiploid embryos expressed a protein pattern that corresponded remarkably to normal embryos at the subsequent cleavage stage. This temporal change is probably due to the fact that the operated haploid eggs were kept overnight in cytochalasin B in order to allow chromosomal replication to occur without cell division, and the resulting eggs therefore corresponded to normal 2-cell embryos with respect to karyokinesis but differed as far as cytokinesis was concerned. Several 2-cell specific proteins appeared in these isodiploid eggs and, similarly, following their first cleavage some 4-cell specific proteins were detected in 2-cell androgenetic and gynogenetic embryos. The discordance between nuclear and cellular division, which was retained through the 4-cell stage, however disappeared during subsequent cleavage divisions. At the blastocyst stage, both kinds of uniparental embryos showed a similar protein pattern compared to normal embryos. Our data suggest that some stage-specific proteins are synthesized during preimplantation development and correspond to nuclear rather than cellular divisions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00271187
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mampuiationsversuche am frühen Säugetierembryo (1975)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biologie in unserer Zeit 5 (1975), S. 164-170 
    Details
    ISSN: 0045-205X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/biuz.19750050603
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