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  • 1
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    Conserved class of queen pheromones stops social insect workers from reproducing (2014)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-01-18
    Description: A major evolutionary transition to eusociality with reproductive division of labor between queens and workers has arisen independently at least 10 times in the ants, bees, and wasps. Pheromones produced by queens are thought to play a key role in regulating this complex social system, but their evolutionary history remains unknown. Here, we identify the first sterility-inducing queen pheromones in a wasp, bumblebee, and desert ant and synthesize existing data on compounds that characterize female fecundity in 64 species of social insects. Our results show that queen pheromones are strikingly conserved across at least three independent origins of eusociality, with wasps, ants, and some bees all appearing to use nonvolatile, saturated hydrocarbons to advertise fecundity and/or suppress worker reproduction. These results suggest that queen pheromones evolved from conserved signals of solitary ancestors.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Van Oystaeyen, Annette -- Oliveira, Ricardo Caliari -- Holman, Luke -- van Zweden, Jelle S -- Romero, Carmen -- Oi, Cintia A -- d'Ettorre, Patrizia -- Khalesi, Mohammadreza -- Billen, Johan -- Wackers, Felix -- Millar, Jocelyn G -- Wenseleers, Tom -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2014 Jan 17;343(6168):287-90. doi: 10.1126/science.1244899.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Laboratory of Socioecology and Social Evolution, Zoological Institute, University of Leuven, Naamsestraat 59-Box 2466, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24436417" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Ants/*physiology ; Bees/*physiology ; Biological Assay ; *Biological Evolution ; Female ; Fertility/drug effects/*physiology ; Male ; Pheromones/classification/pharmacology/*physiology ; Reproduction/drug effects/physiology ; Wasps/*physiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 2
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    Social conflict in ant larvae: egg cannibalism occurs mainly in males and larvae prefer alien eggs (2013)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-11-22
    Description: In social organisms, cooperation is widespread. However, social groups also provide excellent opportunities for individuals to exploit the cooperative efforts of others, thus creating conflict. Social conflict is particularly common in ant societies but although much is known about conflicts between adult individuals, the selfish interests of developing offspring have been largely neglected. One taxonomically widespread way for offspring to engage in competition is through egg cannibalism. Here, we show that larvae of the ant Formica aquilonia compete by eating eggs, which increases their survival. Cannibalism behavior differs strongly between sexes, and males cannibalize 3 times as often as females. This points to sex-dependent benefits from cannibalism, for males possibly through removal of future competitors for mating opportunities. Larvae also preferentially eat eggs of distinct origin and odor profile, suggesting that they can detect and react to chemical cues. Thus, similar to adult ants, larvae possess the power to adjust their behavior to available information. We conclude that exploring the behavior of developing individuals can give new insight into social conflict in ants and social animals in general.
    Print ISSN: 1045-2249
    Electronic ISSN: 1465-7279
    Topics: Biology
    Published by Oxford University Press
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Selective acceptance of the brood of two formicine slave-making ants by host and non-host related species (1996)
    Springer
    Insectes sociaux 43 (1996), S. 391-400 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9098
    Keywords: Ants ; brood care ; chemical mimicry ; host choice ; phylogenetic distance ; evolution of slavery
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary In a laboratory choice-test, free-living ant workers ofFormica cunicularia andF. rufibarbis (subgenusServiformica), both potentially slave species of the obligatory slave-makerPolyergus rufescens, cared for cocoons of this parasite and for homocolonial cocoons at comparable rates. Both potential hosts did not differ in their capacity to rear the parasite brood. This fact is discussed in relation to host selection and specificity inP. rufescens. No such attraction and/or tolerance was found towards cocoons of the facultative slave-makerFormica sanguinea, which also enslaves both host species. Workers ofF. lugubris, a species which is never enslaved, destroyed cocoons from both slave-making species. The attractiveness of the brood ofP. rufescens for both potentially slave species could be due to an interspecific brood pheromone in addition to brood mimicry. An alternative hypothesis is a close phylogenetic distance between this slave-maker andServiformica species. The capacity to gain acceptance by adult slave workers might be one of the crucial evolutionary steps separating obligatory from facultative slave-making ants.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01258411
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Host nest usurpation and colony foundation in the European amazon ant,Polyergus rufescens Latr. (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) (1995)
    Springer
    Insectes sociaux 42 (1995), S. 279-286 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9098
    Keywords: Ants ; slavery ; colony foundation ; Polyergus rufescens
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The socially parasitic mode of founding new colonies by queens of the European amazon antPolyergus rufescens was analysed in the laboratory. Newly-mated females of this obligatory slave-maker were individually introduced into queenright and queenless artificially established colonies of bothFormica cunicularia (the slave present in the natal dulotic nest) andF. rufibarbis (another potentialServiformica host). Particular attention was devoted to the behavioural patterns displayed by these young queens during the usurpation phases. Our observations, supported also by video-taping, show that the slave-making female, before laying her eggs, must penetrate the host colony, kill the resident queen, become accepted by the adult workers and appropriate the host brood. The parasite was almost always adopted in the colonies ofF. cunicularia, whereas in the presence ofF. rufibarbis it was generally killed in a short time. The failure in the attempt of usurping the colonies ofF. rufibarbis is discussed in relation to the host specificity typical of this slave-maker. Finally, egg-laying byPolyergus successful usurpers, the subsequent eclosion of the brood, and its complete social integration in the newly-established mixed colonies were also recorded.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01240422
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Intraspecific slavery inPolyergus rufescens Latr. (Hymenoptera, Formicidae): field and laboratory observations (1993)
    Springer
    Insectes sociaux 40 (1993), S. 433-437 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9098
    Keywords: Ants ; obligatory slave-marker ; Polyergus rufescens ; slave raids ; intraspecific dulosis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Four intraspecific slave raids involving 3 colonies of the European amazon antPolyergus rufescens Latr. occurred during hot and sunny afternoons in July 1992 near Parma, Italy. Generally, no fighting between the resident ants and the invaders was recorded, and pillage of the brood lasted just a few minutes. The brood captured during 3 raids was collected and transported ot the laboratory where slavemaker callow workers eclosed and were accepted by both the raiders and hosts present in artificial mixed colonies. This is the first case of functional intraspecific slavery recorded in the field for the obligatory dulotic formicine antP. rufescens.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01253905
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    CHEMICAL ECOLOGY AND SOCIAL PARASITISM IN ANTS (2001)
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Entomology 46 (2001), S. 573-599 
    Details
    ISSN: 0066-4170
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The chemical strategies by which parasites manage to break into the social fortresses of ants offer a fascinating theme in chemical ecology. Semiochemicals used for interindividual nestmate recognition are also involved in the mechanisms of tolerance and association between the species, and social parasites exploit these mechanisms. The obligate parasites are odorless ("chemical insignificance") at the time of usurpation, like all other callow ants, and this "invisibility" enables their entry into the host colony. By chemical mimicry (sensu lato), they later integrate the gestalt odor of this colony ("chemical integration"). We hypothesize that host and parasite are likely to be related chemically, thereby facilitating the necessary mimicry to permit bypassing the colony odor barrier. We also review the plethora of chemical weapons used by social parasites (propaganda, appeasement, and/or repellent substances), particularly during the usurpation period, when the young mated parasite queen synthesizes these chemicals before usurpation and ceases such biosynthesis afterwards. We discuss evolutionary trends that may have led to social parasitism, focusing on the question of whether slave-making ants and their host species are expected to engage in a coevolutionary arms race.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.ento.46.1.573
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