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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Inhibitory Action of Blue and Far-Red Light in the Flowering of Lemna paucicostata (1979)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Physiologia plantarum 47 (1979), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1399-3054
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: In a new strain of short-day duckweed (Lemna paucicostata T-101), blue and far-red light-induced inhibition of flowering was investigated. Flowering of this strain failed to be induced under a short-day photoperiod of blue and far-red light, although it responded as a typical short-day plant in red and white light. When the short-day photoperiod of blue or far-red light was terminated by a 15 min red light pulse, flowering recovered completely. This inducing effect of red light was reversed by subsequent exposure to far-red light. Furthermore, it could be demonstrated that 30 min of blue light completely reversed the flowering inductive effect of 5 min red light and vice versa. Evidence is presented suggesting that the inhibitory action of blue and far red light may be due to the lowering of phytochrome Pfr levels below those required to start the dark reactions which lead to flowering. These results are discussed in relation to the time measurement system of photoperiodism.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1399-3054.1979.tb06523.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Molecular cloning and analysis of the dominant flocculation gene FLO8 from Saccharomyces cerevisiae (1996)
    Springer
    Molecular genetics and genomics 251 (1996), S. 707-715 
    Details
    ISSN: 1617-4623
    Keywords: Key words Saccharomyces cerevisiae ; Flocculation ; Transcriptional regulation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  A flocculation gene was cloned from a Saccharomyces cerevisiae ATCC60715 genomic library, known to contain the FLO8 gene, on the basis of its ability to confer a flocculation phenotype on a non-flocculent strain. From a total of 11 130 clones, four clones sharing the several restriction fragments were isolated, suggesting that these were derived from the same locus. The results of integration mapping and disruption of the cloned gene indicated that this gene was the FLO8 gene. After disruption of the FLO8 gene, the strain lost its ability to flocculate. The DNA sequence of the FLO8 gene was determined. This gene includes a 2187-bp open reading frame that encodes a 729-amino acid protein. Computer analysis indicated that the FLO8 gene has a significant degree of homology with a S. cerevisiae chromosome V DNA sequence, but no homology with the FLO1 gene. The hydrophobicity profile of the putative FLO8 gene product did not indicate the presence of any significantly hydrophobic regions. Southern analysis of the FLO8 gene present in various yeast strains indicated that the FLO8 gene is highly conserved in yeast strains having a variety of flocculation phenotypes and genotypes. Northern analysis revealed that the level of FLO1 gene transcription is dependent on the rate of transcription of the FLO8 gene. These results suggest that the FLO8 gene mediates flocculation via transcriptional activation of the FLO1 gene.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02174120
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Low-temperature resistance of higher plants is significantly enhanced by a nonspecific cyanobacterial desaturase (1996)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Company
    Nature biotechnology 14 (1996), S. 1003-1006 
    Details
    ISSN: 1546-1696
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: [Auszug] A broad-specificity Δ9 desaturase gene was cloned from the cyanobacterium Anacystis nidulans. The enzyme introduces a cis-double bond at the Δ9 position of both 16 and 18 carbon saturated fatty acids linked to many kinds of membrane lipids. The gene was stably introduced into tobacco ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nbt0896-1003
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Action spectra for the light inhibition of flowering and its reversal inLemna paucicostata T-101 (1980)
    Springer
    Planta 149 (1980), S. 332-335 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Keywords: Action spectrum ; Flowering ; Lemna ; Photoperiodism ; Phytochrome ; Short-day plant
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Lemna paucicostata Hegelm. T-101, a short-day plant, flowers when plants preirradiated with red light (R) for 24 h are subjected to inductive darkness for 72 h followed by two short-day cycles (6 h R+ 18 h dark). However, flowering is inhibited by blue-or far-red-light pulses applied at the beginning of the inductive dark period. These inhibitory light effects are fully reversible by a R pulse. The action spectra for the inhibitory light effect and for its reversal show that the light pulses act exclusively through phytochrome. It is concluded that a low level of Pfr at the beginning of the inductive dark period prevents flowering.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00571166
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Phytochrome-mediated effects of near-ultraviolet radiation in the induction of flowering in etiolated Lemna paucicostata T-101, a short-day plant (1981)
    Springer
    Planta 153 (1981), S. 543-546 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Keywords: Flower formation ; Lemna ; Phytochrome ; Ultraviolet (near)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Induction of flowering of etiolated Lemna paucicostata Hegelm. T-101, a short-day plant, was inhibited by far-red (FR) or blue light (BL) applied at the beginning of a 72-h inductive dark period which was followed by two short days. In either case the inhibition was reversed by a subsequent exposure of the plants to near-ultraviolet radiation (NUV), with a peak of effectiveness near 380 nm. Inhibition by BL or FR and its reversion by NUV are repeatable, i.e., NUV is acting in these photoresponses like red light although with much lower effectiveness. Thus, it is considered that NUV acts through phytochrome and no specific BL and NUV photoreceptor is involved in photocontrol of floral induction on this plant.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00385539
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Isolation and functional identification of a novel cDNA for astaxanthin biosynthesis from Haematococcus pluvialis, and astaxanthin synthesis in Escherichia coli (1995)
    Springer
    Plant molecular biology 29 (1995), S. 343-352 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5028
    Keywords: astaxanthin ; canthaxanthin ; carotenoid ; xanthophyll ; Haematococcus pluvialis ; green alga
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract We succeeded in isolating a novel cDNA involved in astaxanthin biosynthesis from the green alga Haematococcus pluvialis, by an expression cloning method using an Escherichia coli transformant as a host that synthesizes β-carotene due to the Erwinia uredovora carotenoid biosynthesis genes. The cloned cDNA was shown to encode a novel enzyme, β-carotene ketolase (β-carotene oxygenase), which converted β-carotene to canthaxanthin via echinenone, through chromatographic and spectroscopic analysis of the pigments accumulated in an E. coli transformant. This indicates that the encoded enzyme is responsible for the direct conversion of methylene to keto groups, a mechanism that usually requires two different enzymatic reactions proceeding via a hydroxy intermediate. Northern blot analysis showed that the mRNA was synthesized only in the cyst cells of H. pluvialis. E. coli carrying the H. pluvialis cDNA and the E. uredovora genes required for zeaxanthin biosynthesis was also found to synthesize astaxanthin (3S, 3′S), which was identified after purification by a variety of spectroscopic methods.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00043657
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nucleotide sequences and stability of a Nicotiana nuclear DNA segment possessing autonomously replicating ability in yeast (1985)
    Springer
    Plant molecular biology 5 (1985), S. 35-39 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5028
    Keywords: tobacco ; nuclear DNA ; autonomous replication
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The nucleotide sequence of a tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) chromosomal DNA segment(t3-ars) capable of replication in yeast (ars: autonomously replicating sequences) is presented. The subcloned region (618 bp) contained 11 bp consensus (5′ A/TTTTATPuTTTA/T 3′) essential for several yeast ars, and 73% A and T. Unique 70 bp repetitive sequences resided next to this sequence. Thirty-two bp AT repeats were also seen in the neighbourhood of the repetitive sequence. The hybrid plasmid containing t3-ars was mitotically stabilized by the help of yeast centromere (CEN4).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00017871
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Normal and lysine-containing zeins are unstable in transgenic tobacco seeds (1991)
    Springer
    Plant molecular biology 16 (1991), S. 117-128 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5028
    Keywords: storage protein ; genetic engineering ; transgenic plants ; zeins
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Chimeric genes composed of the β-phaseolin promoter, an α-zein coding sequence and its modified versions containing lysine codons, and a β-zein polyadenylation signal were inserted into the genome of tobacco by Agrobacterium-mediated transformation. α-Zein mRNA levels in the transgenic tobacco seeds 20 days after self-pollination varied between 1.0% and 2.5% of the total mRNA population. At 25 days after pollination the 19 kDa α-zein was immunologically detected with a polyclonal antiserum in protein extracts from the seeds of transgenic plants. The transgenic plant with the highest level of zein gene expression had an α-zein content that was approximately 0.003% of the total seed protein. The amount of α-zein in other transgenic plants varied between 1 × 10−4% and 1 × 10−5% of the total seed protein. The differences in the amounts of mRNA and protein did not correlate with the lysine substitutions introduced into the α-zein protein. Polysomes translating α-zein mRNA isolated from tobacco seeds contained fewer ribosomes than those from maize endosperm, but this did not appear to be the cause of the inefficient protein synthesis. In vivo labelling and immunoprecipitation indicated that newly synthesized α-zein was degraded in tobacco seeds with a half-life of less than 1 hour.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00017922
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Activation of anthocyanin synthesis genes by white light in eggplant hypocotyl tissues, and identification of an inducible P-450 cDNA (1993)
    Springer
    Plant molecular biology 23 (1993), S. 933-946 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5028
    Keywords: flavonoid synthesis ; light induction ; P-450 ; Petunia hybrida ; Solanum melongena
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Eggplant seedlings (Solanum melongena) grown under red light irradiation showed a normal morphology with green, fully expanded cotyledons. When the seedlings grown under red light were irradiated with ultraviolet-containing white light, anthocyanin synthesis was induced in the hypocotyl tissues, especially when a UV light supplement was added. The accumulation of pigments was closely associated with the expression of genes involved in flavonoid synthesis. These genes include chalcone synthase (CHS) and dihydroflavonol 4-reductase (DFR). Using subtracted probes, which had been enriched for the accumulated mRNA, one white light-responsive cDNA was identified as being a P450 gene by comparison with database sequences. The maximal amino acid homology this cDNA had with other P450s was 36%. This was with CYP71 from avocado (Persea americana). Thus it represents a new P-450 family, which has been named CYP75. The mRNA of this gene was localized in the hypocotyl tissues of eggplant seedlings, which had been white light-irradiated. The transcript was accumulated by changing the light source, as in the case of other flavonoid biosynthesis genes. In delphinidin producing petunia plants, the mRNAs corresponding to the eggplant P-450 and flavonoid biosynthesis genes such as CHS and DFR were most abundant during the mid stage of flower bud development, but could not be detected in leaf tissues. These results suggest that this P-450 gene encodes a hydroxylating enzyme involved in flavonoid biosynthesis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00021810
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Molecular cloning of tobacco chromosomal and chloroplast DNA segments capable of replication in yeast (1983)
    Springer
    Molecular genetics and genomics 192 (1983), S. 1-4 
    Details
    ISSN: 1617-4623
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary An autonomously replicating sequence (ars) of Nicotiana tabacum was cloned into the EcoRI site of YIp5, which consists of pBR322 and the yeast ura3 gene. Recombinant DNA was capable of transforming ura3- Saccaromyces cerevisiae YNN140 at 103–104 transformants per μg DNA. Transformants had a generation time of 3–4 h in the medium used for selection, in which approximately 30% of the cell retained the Ura+ phenotype after 24 h. The average copy number of hybrid plasmids was in the range of 10–20 molecules per cell. The size of the inserted DNAs from tobacco nuclear DNA was 4.9, 3.0 and 1.2 kilobase pairs (kbp), of which the 1.2 kbp insert hybridized to several bands of EcoRI-digested nuclear DNA. An EcoRI-generated 1.7 kbp ars fragment was cloned from tobacco chloroplast DNA.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00327638
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