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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ketogenesis in the living rat followed by carbon-13 NMR spectroscopy (1984)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Biochemistry 23 (1984), S. 6398-6402 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-4995
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bi00321a018
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Natural and anthropogenic influences on the geochemistry of Quaternary lake sediments from Holzmaar, Germany (1997)
    Springer
    Environmental geology 31 (1997), S. 236-247 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0495
    Keywords: Key words Lake sediments ; Heavy metals ; Geochemistry ; Element fluxes
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract  The accumulation of heavy metals and trace elements has been investigated in a well laminated sequence of Holocene and late Pleistocene lake sediments composed of diatomaceous gyttja, tuff and silt and clay sediments. Varve chronology of the annually deposited gyttja yielded a continuous high-resolution time sequence and allowed the absolute age dating of the sediment. Fluxes of elements remained largely uniform from the late Pleistocene into the Holocene (12 867–2 364 VT years ago; VT: varve time, years before 1950). Higher trace element and heavy metal fluxes occur from 2 322 to 862 VT years ago and reached their maxima in the uppermost sediments (〈845 VT years ago). These increasing element fluxes correlate with increasing inputs of clastic material. The changing accumulation rates are the result of elevated soil erosion in the lake catchment caused by human settlement, deforestation and agricultural activities. Thus disturbances of the natural geochemical cycles of the Holzmaar region have occurred since the beginning of the Iron Age and especially since the beginning of the Middle Ages.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002540050185
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Basement-Cover Sequences within the UHP unit of the Dabie Shan (2003)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Inc
    Journal of metamorphic geology 21 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1525-1314
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Field data define two lithologically distinct basement-cover sequences within the ultrahigh-pressure metamorphic (UHPM) unit of the Dabie Shan, eastern China. One of the cover units, the Changpu unit, comprises calc-arenitic metasediments in stratigraphic contact with a basement consisting of gneisses of the Yangtze craton. The second cover unit, the Ganghe unit, consists of felsic-intermediate metavolcanics and clastic metasediments. Basement exposure of the Ganghe unit is not known. Fold axes in the Ganghe unit are oblique to those of the Changpu unit, which are parallel to those of the Yangtze gneisses. Preservation of primary textures in some volcanic rocks, and tectonic separation from the Yangtze gneisses by a greenschist facies mylonite, support an interpretation of the Ganghe unit as a low-strain domain. Protolith associations in the Ganghe and Changpu units are compatible with deposition in a rift setting and along a passive continental margin, respectively. A U–Pb single zircon age of 761 ± 33 Ma for volcanoclastic rocks of the Ganghe unit demonstrates a Neoproterozoic deposition age, concordant with inferred rifting at that time. Eclogite facies parageneses in the gneisses and both cover units, along with P–T data demonstrate regional UHPM in the Dabie Shan.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1525-1314.2003.00461.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    High-pressure–low-temperature metamorphism and deformation in the Bündnerschiefer of the Engadine window: implications for the regional evolution of the eastern Central Alps (1998)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd.
    Journal of metamorphic geology 16 (1998), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1525-1314
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: A study of the metamorphic and tectonic evolution of the Bündnerschiefer of the Engadine window shows that the individual nappes have been thinned by a large amount and that extension was active during and soon after nappe stacking.Based on contrasting P–T  histories the Penninic Bündnerschiefer can be divided in two major units bounded by a horizontal contact. The lower (Mundin) unit shows typical high-P/low-T  parageneses in metapelites (Mg-carpholite) and in metabasites (glaucophane); metamorphic conditions are estimated around 12 kbar, 375 °C. The upper (Arina) unit contains no specific high-P minerals; metamorphic conditions are estimated around 7 kbar, 325 °C. A minimum pressure gap of 5 kbar is thus observed. The contact between the two units is marked by a mappable normal shear zone with top-to-the-north-west sense of shear. Near the shear zone, fresh carpholite fibres trend parallel to the regional stretching lineation, implying that the detachment is an early structure active from the depth of stability of the carpholite and persisting during subsequent exhumation. The good preservation of carpholite and the absence of retrograde chloritoid below the shear zone show that exhumation occurred along a cooling path, whereas the deeper units are exhumed along an isothermal path. Exhumation probably occurred during convergence and further nappe stacking during the earlier Eocene. These results suggest that pre-collisional tectonic thinning of the Penninic oceanic units may be more widespread and significant than generally recognized.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1525-1314.1998.00161.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Anomalous unradiogenic 87Sr//86Sr ratios in ultrahigh-pressure crustal carbonates – evidence for fluid infiltration during deep subduction? (2003)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Terra nova 15 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3121
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Marbles from Changpu (Dabie Shan, eastern China), subducted to 4.4 GPa, have 87Sr/86Sr values 〈 0.7040. These low 87Sr/86Sr values, which would imply a sedimentation age 〉 2 Ga if considered as primary signature, reflect fluid–rock interaction with a fluid from a low-87Sr/86Sr source. The introduction of low-87Sr/86Sr was paralleled by introduction of Mg and loss of Si, K and Na in such a way that carbonates from the purest marbles have the least evolved Sr isotopic composition. Introduction of Mg is also indicated by the distribution of calcite and dolomite. Calcite forms inclusions in garnet, whereas dolomite is restricted to the matrix. These chemical changes, inferred from the mineralogy, in combination with textural evidence require a mobile metamorphic fluid. P–T–X constraints for fluid generation and for permeability increase related to mineral reactions and phase transitions suggest that the marbles acquired their anomalous Sr-isotopic composition during subduction below 60 km. The marbles with the least radiogenic Sr isotopic composition demonstrate that crustal rocks may lose their isotopic fingerprint during deep subduction.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-3121.2003.00503.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Late Cretaceous exhumation of the Oman blueschists and eclogites: a two-stage extensional mechanism (1994)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Terra nova 6 (1994), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3121
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: The continental material of the Saih Hatat window has been affected by a Late Cretaceous, obduction-related, HP-LT metamorphism below the Oman ophiolite. A high-rate exhumation process is witnessed by the Maastrichtian-Palaeocene onlap onto the blueschist-facies rocks. Drastic metamorphic omissions are documented between the lowest, eclogitic units and the overlying, blueschist-facies ones. Widespread late-metamorphic shear structures point to a top-to-the-NNE detachment, in opposition to the sense of the Late Cretaceous obduction. The inversion of the shearing sense occurred under similar, low temperature conditions in both the blueschist and eclogite-facies units. Admitting that these HP-LT metamorphic rocks formed progressively at various depth in the subducting Arabian margin, a two-stage extensional mechanism of exhumation is suggested: (i) early uplift of the eclogitic rocks up to the blueschists depth by ductile thinning or squeezing of a ‘blind extensional allochthon'; (ii) exhumation of the whole HP-LT metamorphic core complex by inversion of the obduction sole-thrust and isostatic rebound of the lower plate.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3121.1994.tb00514.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Detrital chromites in metasediments of the East-Arabian continental margin in the Saih Hatat area: constraints for the palaeogeographic setting of the Hawasina and Semail basins (Oman Mountains) (1999)
    Springer
    International journal of earth sciences 88 (1999), S. 13-25 
    Details
    ISSN: 1437-3262
    Keywords: Key words Oman ; Chromite ; Paleogeography ; Geochemistry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract  In Oman, the convergence between Arabia and Eurasia resulted in the Late Cretaceous overthrusting of oceanic crust and mantle lithosphere onto the Arabian continental margin. During this compressional event, a part of the continental plate was subducted to a depth of more than 60 km (0.5 GPa, 250–350  °C to more than 2.0 GPa, 550  °C) resulting in progressive metamorphism of the continental margin sediments, well exposed in the Saih Hatat tectonic window, northeastern Oman Mountains. We attempt to constrain the possibility of one continuous history of extension (starting along the east Arabian continental margin in the Permian) that was followed by one continuous history of convergence starting at 90 Ma near a dead oceanic ridge. This compression resulted in the observed progressive metamorphism by ophiolite overthrusting onto the continental margin. Constraining arguments are the palaeogeographic setting before ophiolite obduction of the As Sifah units and the Hawasina Complex near Ghurba. Detrital chromites in the Triassic–Cretaceous metasediments of the Hawasina Complex are compared with magmatic Semail chromites, and the whole-rock chemistry of these metasediments and associated metabasites are investigated. In contrast to former hypotheses, differences in the chemical composition between detrital and magmatic chromites, and the probable origin of all detrital chromites in the Hawasina Basin from Permian age oceanic rocks, suggest that the high-pressure metamorphic sediments of As Sifah can be considered as part of the basal deposits of the Hawasina Basin.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s005310050242
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The determination of the oxidation state of iron in synthetic garnets by X-ray spectroscopy with the electron microprobe (1996)
    Springer
    Physics and chemistry of minerals 23 (1996), S. 241-241 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2021
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00207758
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Age, geodynamic setting, and mantle enrichment processes of a K-rich intrusion from the Meissen massif (northern Bohemian massif) and implications for related occurrences from the mid-European Hercynian (1997)
    Springer
    Geologische Rundschau 86 (1997), S. 556-570 
    Details
    ISSN: 0016-7835
    Keywords: Key words K-rich rock ; Amphibole ; 40Ar/39Ar laserdating ; Mantle enrichment ; Moldanubian ; Post-collisional intrusion
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract  The plutonic complex of the Meissen massif (northern margin of the Bohemian massif) comprises dioritic to mainly monzonitic and granitic rocks. The diorite to monzonite intrusions show major and trace element patterns typical for shoshonitic series. The chemical signatures of less crustally contaminated diorites are similar to arc-related shoshonitic rocks derived from continental lithospheric mantle (CLM) sources previously enriched by subduction of altered oceanic crust. Laser step heating 40Ar/39Ar analyses on actinolitic to edenitic amphiboles from geographically different occurrences of the monzonitic intrusion yielded concordant plateau ages as well as total gas ages ranging from 329.1±1.4 to 330.4±1.4 Ma and from 330.4±2.1 to 330.6±1.8 Ma, respectively. These cooling ages are indistinguishable from sensitive highresolution ion microprobe (SHRIMP) 238U/206Pb intrusion ages measured on magmatic zircon rims from the monzonite (Nasdala et al., submitted). This shows that the monzonite intrusion is probably not related temporally to active subduction because it postdates eclogites of the adjacent Saxonian Erzgebirge by approximately 20 Ma. The shoshonitic magmas intruded during strike-slip tectonism along the Elbe valley zone. The enrichment of their mantle sources may be of Upper Devonian/Lower Carboniferous age or older. Intrusions of shoshonitic to ultra-potassic (K-rich) rocks during the Upper Visean/Namurian are widespread in the Moldanubian zone. Based on similar ages and structural relationships a similar post-collisional setting to the Meissen shoshonitic rocks can be demonstrated. Most of these occurrences cut high-grade nappe units which were subducted during the Upper Devonian/Lower Carboniferous. In contrast to the Meissen massif, at least the ultra-potassic members of the Central and the South Bohemian batholiths were derived from CLM sources enriched by fluids or melts released from subducted oceanic crust and by greater portions of crustal material. Despite the similar post-collisional geodynamic setting of the K-rich intrusions, different enrichment processes generated mid-European Hercynian CLM sources with heterogeneous major and trace element and isotopic signatures.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s005310050163
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sorptionsverhalten von 2,4,6-Trinitrotoluol und 1,3-Dinitrobenzol an unterschiedlichen Bodenmodellsubstanzen (1996)
    Springer
    Grundwasser 1 (1996), S. 63-68 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1165
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Geosciences
    Description / Table of Contents: Abstract: Batch sorption experiments have been carried out using two explosives, 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) and 1,3-dinitrobenze (DNB), and six clays of natural origin with very low fractions of organic carbon (fox). Results of these studies are depicted as Langmuir- and Henry-adsorption isotherms. The K d values of the clays show a positive relation to their exchangeable K+ content and their specific surface area. This is in good accordance with literature data which state electron donor-acceptor complexation (EDA) of nitroaromatic compounds to homoionized monomineralic clays as the driving force of adsorption. Hence this sorption mechanism yet described for homogeneous systems of clay adsorbents only can be applied to natural and thus more complex clay mineralogical systems. The K d values of TNT are about a factor of 1,6 greater than those of DNB and cover a range between 0,4–1,8.
    Notes: Kurzfassung: In Batchversuchen wurden sechs Tone sehr geringen C org -Gehaltes und drei Sande mit 2,4,6-Trinitrotoluol- (TNT) und 1,3-Dinitrobenzollösungen (DNB) unterschiedlicher Konzentrationen versetzt und geschüttelt. Anhand der Ergebnisse dieser Versuche wurden Henry- und Langmuir-Adsorptionsisothermen erstellt. Bei den Tonen ergeben sich durchschnittlich um den Faktor 1,6 höhere K d -Werte für TNT (0,4–1,8) gegenüber DNB (0,2–1,3). Die Sande zeigen diesen Effekt der stärkeren Adsorption von TNT aufgrund ihrer geringeren reaktiven Oberfläche und zum Teil durch den Einfluß hydrophober Adsorption nicht. Die K d -Werte der Tone weisen eine positive Abhängigkeit von der K + -Ionenkonzentration und der spezifischen Oberfläche auf. Diese Ergebnsise stehen mit der in der Literatur beschriebenen Adsorption von Nitroaromaten an homoionisch belegten, monomineralischen Tonen via Elektronen-Donator-Akzeptor-Komplexierung (EDA) in Einklang. Dieser bisher nur an homogenen Systemen beschriebene Sorptionsmechanismus kann folglich auch auf differenziert beladene und tonmineralogisch komplexere Systeme angewendet werden.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s767-1996-8461-5
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