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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 31 (1983), S. 726-730 
    ISSN: 1520-5118
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 37 (1989), S. 496-501 
    ISSN: 1520-5118
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1520-5118
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 256 (1975), S. 222-223 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] The possible involvement of ATPases in this chemorecep-tion by P. americana has been considered previously9, and we now report that when the Triton-soluble proteins from the antennae were pre-incubated with saturating 104M ouabain for 15 min before the addition of messenger ...
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 225 (1970), S. 661-662 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] The fungal sterol fraction was isolated from F. solani grown on Neutral-Dox-Yeast medium4. Batches of fungus harvested after five, ten or fifteen days' growth were washed, freeze-dried, weighed and analysed for sterols. For each analysis, 15 g of freeze-dried fungus of a given age was homogenized ...
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1423-0445
    Keywords: defensive chemistry ; alterable ; elicitation ; herbivory ; antioxidant ; Fabaceae ; Glycine max ; Lepidoptera ; Noctuidae ; Trichoplusia ni
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The water-soluble antioxidant, L-ascorbic acid (vitamin C), proved elicitory to alterable anti-herbivory inGlycine max againstTrichoplusia ni larvae. Elicitation by vitamin C was influenced especially by dose, time after elicitation and space in the plant. Results allow an analogy between antioxidant and herbivory elicitation. Elicitation apparently involves a sulfhydryl-protein-dependent redox mechanism which can be significantly affected by antioxidants. Findings would also support a proposed common redox-based mechanism, involving the plasma membrane, for communication between plant and animal cells and their environments.
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 244 (1973), S. 370-371 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] The receptor protein was isolated from the antennae of adult male P. americana using the techniques of Ferkovich and Norris17. Two saline (0.9% NaCl), and then two Triton' X-100 in 0.9% NaCl, extracts were thus made from 100 pairs of antennae which had been excised proximally and immediately ...
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 84 (1997), S. 247-254 
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Keywords: gypsy moth ; green ash ; ethyl acetate extractables ; development ; survival ; molting ; pupation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Gypsy moth, Lymantria dispar L., rate of larval development, molting, pupal weight and survival were studied on an artificial diet containing different concentrations of green ash ethyl acetate extractables (EtOAc Exts). Insects were reared on experimental diets from egg to pupa. Addition of EtOAc Exts to artificial diet significantly prolonged larval development and reduced their survival compared to larvae reared on control diet. Weights of pupae were significantly reduced when larvae were reared on diet containing the lowest dosage of EtOAc Exts (i.e., 0.01%) versus on control diet. EtOAc Exts in diet (e.g., 0.01, 0.06 and 0.2%) frequently caused incomplete ecdysis which invariably resulted in larval death. Impaired feeding, locomotion and excretion are likely causes of death. The combination of these results with our earlier findings of repellents and feeding deterrents against gypsy moth larvae (GML) in green ash foliage shows that the non-host status of green ash to the highly polyphagous GML involves three orders of chemical defense: repellents, feeding deterrents and inhibitors of nutritional and developmental physiology. As the insect becomes sequentially exposed to these orders of defense, it incurs higher costs because the adverse effects become less reversible.
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 11 (1968), S. 464-469 
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Benzol-Rohextrakte von 6 Nicht-Wirtsbäumen riefen allein bei erwachsenen Scolytus multistriatus (Marsh.) keine Fraßreaktionen hervor. Wurden sie zu gleichen Teilen mit einem stimulierenden Extrakt von Ulmus americanus L. kombiniert, so setzten alle Rohextrakte aus Nicht-Wirten die Fraßmenge herab, die sonst auftritt. Wenigstens zwei der Nicht-Wirte (Populus deltoides Bartr. und Aesculus octandra Marsh.) enthielten auf kurze Entfernung wirkende positive Reize, aber ihr Einfluß auf eine positive Reaktion des Insekts wurde bei den meisten Behandlungen durch Verbindung mit abweisenden (deterrent) Stoffen verhindert. So spielen bei der Auslösung der Ablehnung von Rohextrakten der Nicht-Wirte durch die Käfer Deterrent- und Repellent-Reize die Hauptrolle.
    Notes: Abstract Crude benzene extracts of 6 non-host trees alone did not stimulate feeding responses by adults of Scolytus multistriatus (Marsh.). When combined equally with a stimulatory extract from Ulmus americana L., all of the crude non-host extracts reduced the amount of feeding which otherwise occurred. At least two of the non-hosts (Populus deltoides Bartr. and Aesculus octandra Marsh) contained positive short-range orientational stimuli, but their induction of a positive response by the insect was prevented in most treatments by associated deterrent chemicals. Thus, stimuli (deterrents and repellents) played the dominant role in eliciting the rejection of crude non-host extracts by the beetles.
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  • 10
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Es wurde untersucht das Verhalten des Weibchens von Xyleborus ferrugineus in Beziehung zur Morphologie seines Galeriesystems und zur Lage der Eier in dem System, welches in einem künstlichen Medium in Reagenzgläsern gebildet wurde. Vier wichtige morphologische Plätze innerhalb des Galeriesystems wurden gefunden: Seitenkammern, Gabelung von Galerien, Kopfende einer Galerie und ‘Glasende’ (d.h. wo eine Galerie nicht mehr an der Glasinnenwand weiterführt, sondern sich ins Medium wendet). Weibchen höhlen zunächst Haupt- und Zweiggalerien aus; Seitenkammern werden kurz vor sowie nach dem Einsetzen der Eiablage hinzugefügt. Die Seitenkammern waren der häufigste Platz für die Eier. Die Gegenwart eines Eies an einem Platz im Galeriesystem erhöhte gewöhnlich die Häufigkeit der ‘Stops’ der Weibchen (definiert als Anhalten und/oder Wechsel der Richtung ihrer Bewegung). Bei Seitenkammern war jedoch diese Häufigkeit die gleiche mit und ohne Eier. Weibchen blieben nicht signifikant länger an Stellen, wo sich Eier befanden als wo keine Eier waren. Die Seitenkammern schienen die Funktion, wiewohl nicht die Struktur der klassischen Scolytiden-Brutkammer zu haben. Die Ergebnisse werden diskutiert in Hinsicht auf die funktionelle Morphologie der Scolytidengalerien und auf die Wechselwirkungen zwischen Weibchen und ihren Eiern.
    Notes: Abstract The behavior of the female ambrosia beetle, Xyleborus ferrugineus, was studied in relation to the morphology of its gallery system and to the location of eggs within the system as constructed in an artificial medium. Females first excavated main and branch galleries, and branch cells were added just prior to, and after, the onset of oviposition. The branch cell was the most common location of eggs. The presence of an egg at any location in the gallery system usually increased the frequency of stops by the female. However, at branch cells this frequency was the same with and without eggs. Females did not spend significantly greater time in areas where eggs were present than where eggs were absent. These results are discussed in relation to the functional morphology of scolytid galleries and to the interactions between the female and her eggs.
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