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  • 1
    Publication Date: 1999-01-29
    Description: Cell lines derived from the rat suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) were screened for circadian clock properties distinctive of the SCN in situ. Immortalized SCN cells generated robust rhythms in uptake of the metabolic marker 2-deoxyglucose and in their content of neurotrophins. The phase relationship between these rhythms in vitro was identical to that exhibited by the SCN in vivo. Transplantation of SCN cell lines, but not mesencephalic or fibroblast lines, restored the circadian activity rhythm in arrhythmic, SCN-lesioned rats. Thus, distinctive oscillator, pacemaker, and clock properties of the SCN are not only retained but also maintained in an appropriate circadian phase relationship by immortalized SCN progenitors.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Earnest, D J -- Liang, F Q -- Ratcliff, M -- Cassone, V M -- NS35822/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1999 Jan 29;283(5402):693-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Human Anatomy and Medical Neurobiology, College of Medicine, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, College Station, TX 77843-1114, USA. dearnest@tamu.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9924030" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Biological Clocks ; Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor/metabolism ; Cell Line ; Cell Transplantation ; *Circadian Rhythm ; Deoxyglucose/metabolism ; Glucose-6-Phosphate/analogs & derivatives/metabolism ; Glycogen/metabolism ; Graft Survival ; Male ; Motor Activity ; Nerve Growth Factors/metabolism ; Neurons/metabolism/*physiology/transplantation ; Neurotrophin 3 ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Stem Cells/cytology/metabolism/*physiology ; Suprachiasmatic Nucleus/*cytology/metabolism/physiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Analytical chemistry 44 (1972), S. 2060-2066 
    ISSN: 1520-6882
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    The @journal of physical chemistry 〈Washington, DC〉 87 (1983), S. 3089-3093 
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    The @journal of organic chemistry 37 (1972), S. 3268-3274 
    ISSN: 1520-6904
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    The @journal of organic chemistry 39 (1974), S. 1481-1490 
    ISSN: 1520-6904
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    The @journal of organic chemistry 36 (1971), S. 3112-3120 
    ISSN: 1520-6904
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    The @journal of organic chemistry 37 (1972), S. 3275-3281 
    ISSN: 1520-6904
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Journal of Chromatography A 204 (1981), S. 231-244 
    ISSN: 0021-9673
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    OR spectrum 20 (1998), S. 65-71 
    ISSN: 1436-6304
    Keywords: Packing ; heuristics ; transportation: general ; Packprobleme ; Heuristische Verfahren ; Transport: Allgemein
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Economics
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Nur sehr wenige Containerbeladungs-Algorithmen nehmen in ihrer Logik Bezug auf das Gewicht oder die Tragfähigkeit der zu verladenden Güter. Der Artikel versucht, einen Beitrag zur Überwindung dieses Mangels zu leisten. Es wird gezeigt, wie ein Verfahren, das bereits zu einem gewissen Grad in der Literatur behandelt wurde, auf relativ einfache Weise adaptiert werden kann, um die Einbeziehung von Belastbarkeitsüberlegungen zu ermöglichen. Die vorgestellte Methode beruht auf Opportunitätskostenprinzipien. Es wird demonstriert, daß die Ergebnisse beträchtlich besser sein können als die, die man erhält wenn Tragfähigkeit nur als Restriktion bezüglich der im jeweiligen Algorithmusschritt zulässigen Alternativen behandelt wird. Zusätzliche Verfeinerungen der Methodik und Fragen hinsichtlich des praktischen Einsatzes werden ebenfalls diskutiert. Zudem werden potentielle Erweiterungen erörtert, die es ermöglichen, ‚weiche‘ Plazierungsregeln in das Verfahren einzubeziehen.
    Notes: Abstract Only very few of the existing container loading algorithms include in their logic any references to the weight or the load bearing abilities of the items to be stowed. The paper aims to make a contribution to overcoming this shortcoming. It shows how a procedure which has already been evaluated in some detail in the literature can be adapted in a fairly straightforward manner to deal with fragility considerations. The approach suggested is based on opportunity cost notions. It is demonstrated that the results obtained can be vastly superior to a procedure which considers load bearing ability merely in terms of a constraint on the packing options available at each stage. Additional refinements of the basic approach and questions related to its practical implementation are also discussed, as are possible extensions to enable ‘soft’ positioning rules to be incorporated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    OR spectrum 20 (1998), S. 65-71 
    ISSN: 1436-6304
    Keywords: Key words: Packing ; heuristics ; transportation: general ; Schlüsselwörter: Packprobleme ; Heuristische Verfahren ; Transport: Allgemein
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Economics
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung. Nur sehr wenige Containerbeladungs-Algorithmen nehmen in ihrer Logik Bezug auf das Gewicht oder die Tragfähigkeit der zu verladenden Güter. Der Artikel versucht, einen Beitrag zur Überwindung dieses Mangels zu leisten. Es wird gezeigt, wie ein Verfahren, das bereits zu einem gewissen Grad in der Literatur behandelt wurde, auf relativ einfache Weise adaptiert werden kann, um die Einbeziehung von Belastbarkeitsüberlegungen zu ermöglichen. Die vorgestellte Methode beruht auf Opportunitätskostenprinzipien. Es wird demonstriert, daß die Ergebnisse beträchtlich besser sein können als die, die man erhält wenn Tragfähigkeit nur als Restriktion bezüglich der im jeweiligen Algorithmusschritt zulässigen Alternativen behandelt wird. Zusätzliche Verfeinerungen der Methodik und Fragen hinsichtlich des praktischen Einsatzes werden ebenfalls diskutiert. Zudem werden potentielle Erweiterungen erörtert, die es ermöglichen, ,weiche` Plazierungsregeln in das Verfahren einzubeziehen.
    Notes: Abstract. Only very few of the existing container loading algorithms include in their logic any references to the weight or the load bearing abilities of the items to be stowed. The paper aims to make a contribution to overcoming this shortcoming. It shows how a procedure which has already been evaluated in some detail in the literature can be adapted in a fairly straightforward manner to deal with fragility considerations. The approach suggested is based on opportunity cost notions. It is demonstrated that the results obtained can be vastly superior to a procedure which considers load bearing ability merely in terms of a constraint on the packing options available at each stage. Additional refinements of the basic approach and questions related to its practical implementation are also discussed, as are possible extensions to enable `soft' positioning rules to be incorporated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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