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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Differential mechanisms to induce dehydration tolerance by abscisic acid and sucrose in Spathoglottis plicata (Orchidaceae) protocorms (2003)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Plant, cell & environment 26 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3040
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abscisic acid (ABA) and sucrose are known to induce dehydration tolerance of in vitro plant cells and tissues. The present study reports the presence of different mechanisms by which sucrose and ABA improve dehydration tolerance of Spathoglottis plicata (orchid) protocorms. Orchid protocorms were generated aseptically from seeds on Murashig and Skoog medium, and then treated for 7 d in medium containing 10 mg L−1 ABA and/or 10% (w/v) sucrose. Dehydration tolerance of protocorms was determined at ∼25 °C under various drying conditions at relative humidity from 7 to 93%. The actual rate of water loss (i.e. drying rate) was determined using the rate constant of tissue water loss during drying according to the first-order kinetics. Drying rate affected dehydration tolerance. ABA treatment reduced drying rate and increased dehydration tolerance of protocorms at all relative humidity values tested. However, when compared on the basis of actual drying rates, there was no difference in dehydration tolerance between control and ABA-treated protocorms, suggesting that ABA-induced tolerance was correlated with the drying rate reduction. Sucrose treatment was more effective than ABA treatment for the induction of dehydration tolerance. Interestingly, sucrose only slightly affected drying rate. ABA treatment significantly enhanced the synthesis of dehydrin, whereas sucrose treatment primarily resulted in sucrose accumulation. Sucrose treatment also affected protein turnover during drying, causing a significant decrease in protein content in protocorms. Slow drying promoted the degradation of high molecular weight proteins and enhanced the synthesis of low molecular weight dehydrin. The data suggest that different physiological mechanisms are probably involved in the induction of dehydration tolerance by ABA and sucrose treatment.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-3040.2003.01010.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    High frequency direct shoot bud regeneration from excised leaves of mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana L.)
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Plant Science 101 (1994), S. 173-180 
    Details
    ISSN: 0168-9452
    Keywords: Garcinia mangostana L. ; Leaf culture ; Plant regeneration
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0168-9452(94)90253-4
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Direct shoot bud formation from leaf explants of seedlings and mature mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana L.) trees
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Plant Science 68 (1990), S. 113-121 
    Details
    ISSN: 0168-9452
    Keywords: Garcinia mangostana L. ; leaf culture ; plant regeneration
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0168-9452(90)90159-L
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Somatic embryogenesis, plant regeneration and cyanogenesis in Manihot glaziovii Muell. Arg. (ceara rubber) (2000)
    Springer
    Plant cell reports 19 (2000), S. 535-538 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-203X
    Keywords: Key words Manihot glaziovii ; Linamarin ; Cyanogenic potential ; Secondary embryogenesis ; Plant regeneration
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  The report describes a system for somatic embryogenesis and direct plant regeneration from the embryos of Manihot glaziovii. Somatic embryos were obtained by culturing young leaf lobes (3–6 mm long) adjacent to the apex in Murashige and Skoog medium containing 18 μm 2,4-dichlorophenoxy acetic acid for 20 days and then transferring them to a maturation medium with 0.5 μm 6-benzylaminopurine. Secondary embryogenesis was induced from cotyledonary segments of somatic embryos by using the same protocol as that for primary embryogenesis. For regeneration, somatic embryos were cultured in medium supplemented with 10−4 m kinetin and 53.4% of them developed into plantlets. Linamarin and linamarase were not detected in calli or in somatic embryos. Linamarin content was found to be highest in leaves of regenerated plantlets, followed by stem and root tissues. Levels of linamarase activity were almost the same in leaves and stem tissues and very low in roots.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002990050769
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Production of aposporous gametophytes from Drymoglossum piloselloides (L.) Presl. frond strips (1988)
    Springer
    Plant cell reports 7 (1988), S. 142-143 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-203X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Strips of Drymoglossum piloselloides fronds in a modified Murashige and Skoog medium in 1% agar produced aposporous gametophytes in about 2 months. Young fronds showed a greater ability to develop aposporous gametophytes than older fronds. The addition of kinetin to the medium improved the ability of older fronds while the presence of 1-naphthaleneacetic acid enhanced the effect of kinetin.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00270125
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Production of aposporous gametophytes and calli from Pteris vittata L. pinnae strips cultured in vitro (1991)
    Springer
    Plant cell reports 10 (1991), S. 392-393 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-203X
    Keywords: Pteris vittata ; in vitro culture ; aposporous gametophytes ; calli
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Murashige and Skoog's modified medium in 1% Difco Bacto-agar supplemented with sugar alcohols (sorbsitol, mannitol), growth regulators (1-naphthalenacetic acid, 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, benzyladenine, kinetin) and sugars (fructose, glucose, sucrose) induced aposporous gametophytes from pinnae of Pteris vittata cultured in vitro at lower concentrations of all the mentioned components. Aposporous gametophytes and vegetative calli were produced at higher concentrations. The calli regenerated sporophytes when cultured on MS medium without growth regulators. The gametophytes grew vegetatively on MS medium but produced sporophytes when transferred into 0.1 strength MS medium. This is the first report of simultaneous production of calli and gametophytes from fern explants.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00232608
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Direct somatic embryogenesis, plant regeneration and in vitro flowering in rapid-cycling Brassica napus (2000)
    Springer
    Plant cell reports 19 (2000), S. 1177-1183 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-203X
    Keywords: Keywords Rapid-cycling ; Brassica napus ; Somatic embryogenesis ; Secondary embryogenesis ; Regeneration ; In vitro Howering ; AbbreviationsABA: Abscisic acid ; BAP: 6-Benzyl-aminopurine ; DAP: Days after pollination ; 2-iP: 6-(γ, γ-dimethlyallyl-amino)purine ; Kinetin: 6-Furfurylaminopurine ; MS: Murashige and Skoog ; SE0: Somatic embryo from seed ; SE1: First-generation secondary embryo ; SE2: Second-generation secondary embryo ; Zeatin: 6-(4-hydroxy-3-methylbut-trans-2-enylamino)purine
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  A simple method to induce somatic embryogenesis from seeds of rapid-cycling Brassica napus is described. Seedlings cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) basal medium produced somatic embryos directly on hypocotyls and cotyledons after 2 to 3 subcultures onto the same medium. A low pH of the medium (3.5–5) was more conducive to somatic embryogenesis than a higher pH (6 and 7). Embryogenic potential of the seeds was inversely correlated to seed age: about 41–68% of immature seeds between the ages of 14 and 28 days after pollination (DAP) formed somatic embryos compared to 0–11% of the seeds obtained 29–37 DAP. About 54% of the somatic embryos produced secondary embryos after subculturing onto the same medium. The embryogenic potential of the cultures has been maintained on MS basal medium for 2 years (12 generations) without diminution. Up to 75% of the secondary embryos developed into plantlets on MS medium enriched with 10–6  M zeatin, and 40% of these produced flowers when transferred to an optimised flower-induction medium. Viable seeds were produced in self-pollinated in vitro flowers.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002990000268
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Production of first and second generations aposporous gametophytes fromPyrrosia piloselloides (L.) Price frond strips cultured in vitro (1990)
    Springer
    Plant cell reports 8 (1990), S. 530-533 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-203X
    Keywords: Pyrrosia piloselloides ; apospory ; gametophyte
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Second generation aposporous gametophytes were obtained from sporophytes derived from first generation aposporous gametophytes, which in turn came from the mature fronds grown from spores in the laboratory. Murashige and Skoog modified medium in 1% agar supplemented with sugar alcohols (sorbitol, mannitol), auxins (NAA, 2,4-D) and cytokinin (BA) promoted a higher percentage of aposporous development from mature fronds ofPyrrosia piloselloides derived from aseptically cultured spores as compared with those obtained from plants in the field. A method using 4′6-diamidino-2-phenyl indole and fluorescence microscopy correlated the deoxyribonucleic acid contents of the aposporous gametophytes and sporophytes derived from them with their ploidy level.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00820202
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Infection of Spathoglottis plicata (Orchidaceae) seeds by mycorrhizal fungus (1998)
    Springer
    Plant cell reports 18 (1998), S. 14-19 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-203X
    Keywords: Key words Artificial seed ; Orchid ; Mycorrhizal infection
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Spathoglottis plicata seeds were encapsulated in 4-mm-diameter capsules of alginate-chitosan or alginate-gelatin and infected with the mycorrhizal fungus Rhizoctonia AM9. The encapsulated seeds were placed directly on Rhizoctonia culture. About 66% of the seeds encapsulated in sucrose-free chitosan-alginate established a symbiotic relationship with the mycorrhizal fungus after co-culturing for 2 weeks. The highest percentage of infection observed was about 84%. Addition of sucrose or using gelatin-alginate for encapsulation reduced the percentage of infection by about half. The growth of Rhizoctonia AM9 in sucrose-free alginate, chitosan and gelatin was found to be minimal. The advantages of germinating orchid seeds, encapsulated in sucrose-free polymers, through mycorrhizal infection is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002990050524
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sensitization and photodynamic therapy of normal pancreas, duodenum and bile ducts in the hamster using 5-aminolaevulinic acid (1996)
    Springer
    Lasers in medical science 11 (1996), S. 11-21 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-604X
    Keywords: Photodynamic therapy ; 5-Aminolaevulinic acid ; Pancreas ; Bile duct ; Duodenum ; Fluorescence microscopy ; Light dosimetry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Physics , Technology
    Notes: Abstract Photodynamic therapy (PDT) using 5-aminolaevulinic-acid-(ALA)-induced protoporphyrin IX (PPIX) increases survival in hamsters with pancreatic cancer. However, experiments with other photosensitizers on this model show a high risk of duodenal perforation. In this paper, the pharmacokinetics and PDT effects of ALA on normal tissues in the pancreatobiliary region are presented. Using quantitative fluorescence microscopy, maximum PPIX fluorescence was seen in the bile ducts, less in the duodenal mucosa and least in the muscularis propria and pancreas. For PDT, light was delivered either using a bare fibre touching the tissue (single-point illumination), or irradiating a 1.5 cm diameter circular area. Single-point PDT (50 J) produced only localized reversible damage without perforation. Surface irradiation of the whole periampullary region (50 J cm−2) caused extensive damage, sometimes with perforation. Before PDT can be used safely to treat tumours of the pancreas and bile duct, further studies are necessary to understand its effect on larger areas of normal tissue.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02161288
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