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  • 1
    Call number: 93.0638
    Edition: 1. Aufl.
    ISBN: 3468121504
    Classification:
    E.5.
    Language: French
    Branch Library: GFZ Library
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: Rhizocticins ; Phosphono-oligopeptide antibiotics ; Bacillus subtilis ; Antifungal spectrum ; Rhizocticin uptake ; Transport antagonism ; Mechanism of action
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Rhizocticin A, the main component of the antifungal, hydrophilic phosphono-oligopeptides of Bacillus subtilis ATCC 6633, was used for sensitivity testing and experiments into the molecular mechanism of the antibiotic action. Budding and filamentous fungi as well as the cultivated nematode Caenorhabditis elegans were found to be sensitive, whereas bacteria and the protozoon Paramecium caudatum were insensitive. Rhizoctonia solani was inhibited in agar dilution tests but not in diffusion tests. The antifungal effect of rhizocticin A was neutralized by a variety of amino acids and oligopeptides. Oligopeptide influence was mainly understood as transport antagonism, and it was concluded that the antibiotic enters the recipeint cell via the peptide transport system. l- and d-cystine were also identified as potent, general antagonists of the oligopeptide transport. The rhizocticin-antagonism of four other amino acids was taken as a clue to the site of action. Provided that rhizocticin A is split by peptidases of the target cell into inactive l-arginine and toxic l-2-amino-5-phosphono-3-cis-pentenoic acid (l-APPA), the latter may interfere with the threonine or threonine-related metabolism.
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 113 (1977), S. 121-130 
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: Ophiocordin ; Antifungal antibiotic ; Cordyceps ophioglossoides ; Culture conditions ; Isolation ; Analytical data ; Partial structure ; Biological properties
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract An unknown antibiotic, ophiocordin, C21H22N2O8, MW: 430, was isolated from submerged cultures of Cordyceps ophioglossoides, strain TÜ 276, grown in a glycerol soybean meal medium at 27°C. The antibiotic was extracted from acidified culture fluids with n-butanol and purified by subsequent column chromatography on DEAE-Sephadex and cellulose. Studies including nuclear magnetic resonance and mass spectrometry resulted in proposals of partial structures of the molecule. Inhibition by ophiocordin could be demonstrated for a small number of fungi belonging to different taxonomic groups. Bacteria were not inhibited. The antifungal effect was antagonized by ammonia and nitrate ions and by certain amino acids.
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  • 4
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Metabolic Products of Microorganism, 172. Isolation of the Antibiotic semi-Vioxanthin from Penicillium citreo-viride and Synthesis of XanthomegninBesides xanthomegnin (16 b), 3,4-dehydroxanthomegnin (29a), viomellein (23) and vioxanthin (3) from Penicillium citreo-viride under different culture conditions semi-vioxanthin (7) was isolated. Structure 7 has been established by its spectra and the fact that oxidation with Fremy's salt gives 3,4,6,9-tetrahydro-10-hydroxy-7-methoxy-3-methyl-1,6,9-trioxo-1H-naphtho[2,3-c]pyran (9a = semi-xanthomegnin). -9c, prepared by demethylation of 9a, was dimerized by potassium peroxydisulfate/sodium hydroxide and methylated, giving 16b. Synthetic 16b and authentic xanthomegnin were identical, which verifies the structure revised by Höfle and Röser9) and shows, that the dyes of the xanthomegnin series are biogenetically homogenous. - The metabolic products of the strain inhibit the growth of bacteria. 16b and 26 furthermore have an effect against insects.
    Notes: Neben Xanthomegnin (16b), 3,4-Dehydroxanthomegnin (29 a), Viomellein (23) und Vioxanthin (3) wurde aus Penicillium citreo-viride unter veränderten Kulturbedingungen semi-Vioxanthin (7) isoliert. Konstitution 7 folgt aus den Spektren und dem Befund, daß mit Fremy-Salz 3,4,6,9-Tetrahydro-10-hydroxy-7-methoxy-3-methyl-1,6,9-trioxo-1H-naphtho[2.3-c]pyran (9a = semi-Xanthomegnin) entsteht. - Das durch Entmethylierung von 9a zugängliche 9c ließ sich mit Kaliumpersulfat/Natriumhydroxid zu 16a dimerisieren, das zu 16b methyliert wurde. Synthetisches 16b war mit nativem Xanthomegnin identisch, was die von Höfle und Röser9) revidierte Konstitution bestätigt und beweist, daß die Farbstoffe der Xanthomegnin-Reihe biogenetisch einheitlich sind. - Die Stoffwechselprodukte des Stammes hemmen das Wachstum von Bakterien, 16b und 23 wirken ferner gegen Insekten.
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  • 5
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Metabolic Products of Microorganisms, 117. L-Arginyl-D-allo-threonyl-L-phenylalanine, an Amino Acid Antagonist from the Fungus Keratinophyton terreumAn antibiotically active tripeptide was isolated from laboratory cultures of the dermatophyte Keratinophyton terreum. Inhibitory effects have been observed on fungi (Paecilomyces varioti, Mucor miehei) but not on bacteria (Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coll). The inhibition is antagonized by L-histidine and by L-threonine. The structure was elucidated by gas chromatographic and mass spectrometric investigations and was confirmed by comparison with synthetic L-arg-DL-allo-thr-L-phe. Synthetic L-arg-L-thr-L-phe does not show antifungal activity. Conditions for the fermentation and isolation of the antibiotic are reported.
    Notes: Aus Laboratoriumskulturen eines Dermatophyten wurde eine Substanz isoliert, die Pilze (Paecilomyces varioti, Mucor miehei), nicht aber Bakterien (Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli) hemmt. Die antibiotische Wirkung wird durch L-Histidin und L-Threonin aufgehoben. Die Struktur des Antibioticums wurde durch gaschromatographische und massenspektrometrische Untersuchungen als L-Argnyl-D-allo-threonyl-L-phenylalanin erkannt und durch Vergleich mit dem synthetischen Tripeptid L-Arginyl-DL-allo-threonyl-L-phenylalanin bestätigt. Synthetisches L-Arg-L-Thr-L-Phe ist antifungisch inaktiv. Bedingungen für Fermentation und Gewinnung des Antibioticums werden angegeben.
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  • 6
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Orthoamides, XXXVIII1).  -  Contributions to the Chemistry of Orthocarbonic Acid Esters and α,α,α-TrialkoxyacetonitrilesThe reactivity of the orthocarbonates 4 and the nitriles 1 has been investigated. Carboxylic acids are esterified by 4b. Orthocarbonates 4c-f and 9b are prepared by transesterification of 4b. Mixed substituted orthocarbonates 8c-f are obtained from the nitriles 1a, b. The nitriles 2a and 3a react with alkali alcoholate in alcohol to yield the orthocarbamic acid esters 13a, b. Spirocyclic orthocarbonates 17a-d are prepared from 4b and 1,2 or 1,3-dioles, respectively. The reaction of phenol with 1b affords the mixed substituted orthocarbonate 18a. Catechol is converted by 1a into the orthocarbonate 20a. Reactions of 4b with amines and amine derivatives are studied. In the course of these investigations guanidines 21, imidocarbonic acid esters 22a-c, 30, carbamic acid esters 25, ureas 26, the isourea derivative 29, as well as the 1,3,4-oxadiazole 31 are prepared. The mechanism of these reactions is discussed. Imidocarbonic acid esters 22d-f, 38, N-cyano-carbamates 39, and isoureas 37 can be prepared from 1b and amines or amine derivatives. 2a as well as 13b react with cyanamide to give the N-cyanoisourea 40. Ureas 26 are formed in the reaction of la, b with secondary amines at elevated temperatures. The guanidinium cyanide 41a can be obtained by reaction of pyrrolidine with 1b in ether, whereas under similiar conditions from 1a and pyrrolidine the amidine 42 is produced. o-Aminophenol, o-phenylenediamine and anthranilic acid are cyclized by 4b or lb to afford the heterocyclic compounds 43-45. α- and β-amino acids are transformed by 4b or 1b into the N-(ethoxycarbony1)amino acid esters 46 and 47, respectively.
    Notes: Die Reaktivität der Orthocarbonate 4 und der Nitrile 1 wird verglichen. Carbonsäuren werden durch 4b verestert. Durch Umesterung werden aus 4b die Orthocarbonate 4c-f und 9b gewonnen. Gemischt substituierte Orthocarbonate 8c-f sind aus den Nitrilen 1a, b zugänglich. Die Nitrile 2a und 3a setzen sich mit Alkalialkoholat in Alkohol zu den Orthocarbamidsäureestern 13a, b um. Spirocyclische Orthocarbonate 17a-d werden aus 4b und 1,2- bzw. 1,3-Diolen hergestellt. Phenol reagiert mit 1b zum gemischt substituierten Orthocarbonat 18a. Brenzkatechin setzt sich mit 1a zum Orthocarbonat 20a um. Das Verhalten von 4b gegenüber Aminen und Aminderivaten wird untersucht. Dabei werden u. a. Guanidine 21, Imidokohlensäureester 22a-c, 30, Carbamidsäureester 25, Harnstoffe 26, sowie das Isoharnstoffderivat 29 und das 1,3,4-Oxadiazol 31 dargestellt. Der Mechanismus dieser Reaktionen wird erörtert. Aus 1b und Aminen oder Aminderivaten werden Imidokohlensäureester 22d-f, 38, N-Cyancarbamidsäureester 39 und Isoharn-stoffe 37 gewonnen. Sowohl aus 2a als auch aus 13b und Cyanamid entsteht der N-Cyanisoharnstoff 40. Bei höheren Temperaturen reagieren die Nitrile 1a, b mit sekundären Aminen zu Harnstoffen 26. In Ether reagiert 1b mit Pyrrolidin zum Guanidiniumsalz 41a, wogegen aus 1a und Pyrrolidin das Amidin 42 gebildet wird. o-Aminophenol, o-Phenylendiamin und Anthranil-säure werden mit 4b oder 1b in die Heterocyclen 43-45 übergeführt. α- und β-Aminosäuren reagieren mit 4b oder 1b zu den N-(Ethoxycarbonyl)aminosäureestern 46 bzw. 47.
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Liebigs Annalen 1988 (1988), S. 655-661 
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Rhizocticine  -  neue Phosphono-Oligopeptide mit antifungischer AktivitätDer weltweit benutzte Stamm Bacillus subtilis ATCC 6633 produziert zwei neuartige hydrophile Peptidantibiotika, L-Arginyl-L-2-amino-5-phosphono-3-cis-pentensäure (L-Arg-L-APPA, Rhizocticin A) und L-Valyl-L-arginyl-L-2-amino-5-phosphono -3-cis-pentensäure (L-Val-L-Arg-L-APPA, Rhizocticin B). Neben den Rhizocticinen A und B, den Hauptkomponenten, wurden geringe Mengen an Tripeptid-Analogen entdeckt, die L-Ile bzw. L-Leu anstelle von L-Val enthalten. Der C-terminale Rest wurde NMR-spektroskopisch als die ungesättigte Phosphono-Aminosäure-L-APPA bestimmt, die vorher nur als D-Enantiomer bekannt war. Enzymatische Spaltungen von Rhizocticin B ergaben neben L-APPA auch Rhizocticin A.
    Notes: The widely used and well-known bacterial strain Bacillus subtilis ATCC 6633 was found to produce two novel, antifungal hydrophilic peptide antibiotics, L-arginyl-L-2-amino-5-phosphono-3-cis-pentenoic acid (L-Arg-L-APPA, rhizocticin A) and L-valyl-L-arginyl-L-2-amino-5-phosphono-3-cis-pentenoic acid (L-Val-L-Arg-L-APPA, rhizocticin B). Besides rhizocticin A and B, the main components, small amounts of related tripeptides were detected. Instead of the L-Val of rhizocticin B they contain L-Ile or L-Leu and are referred to as rhizocticins C and D, respectively. The C-terminal residue was identified by NMR spectroscopy as the unsaturated phosphono amino acid L-APPA, known till now only as D enantiomer. Enzymatic cleavages of rhizocticin B yielded both L-APPA and rhizocticin A.
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  • 8
    ISSN: 0075-4617
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Metabolites of Microorganisms, 171.  -  Ethericin A; Isolation, Characterization and Structure of a Novel Antibiotically Active Diphenyl EtherThe previously unknown antibiotic ethericin A has been isolated from cultures of Aspergillus funiculosus. It inhibits the growth of bacteria and some fungi. Ethericin A has been identified by mass spectrometry, NMR, chemical degradation and synthesis as 5,5'-dimethyl-3,3' -oxydipyrocatechol (3).
    Notes: Das bisher unbekannte, aus Aspergillus funiculosus isolierte Ethericin A hemmt das Wachstum von Bakterien und einigen Pilzen. Durch Massen- und Kernresonanzspektrometrie, chemischen Abbau sowie Synthese ist die Verbindung als 5,5'-Dimethyl-3,3'-oxydibrenzcatechin (3) identifiziert worden.
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  • 9
    ISSN: 0044-8249
    Keywords: Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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  • 10
    ISSN: 0570-0833
    Keywords: Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
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