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  • 1
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    Analysis of secondary migration of hydrocarbons in the Ordovician carbonate reservoirs in the Tazhong uplift, Tarim Basin, China (2013)
    American Association of Petroleum Geologists (AAPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-10-04
    Description: The process and mechanisms of secondary hydrocarbon migration in the Tazhong uplift, Tarim Basin, were investigated based on the analysis of the regional structure and by integrating geologic, hydrodynamic, and geochemical parameters. Parameters successfully analyzed included the fluid potential, fluid properties, production outputs, and diamantane index. The results indicated that hydrocarbons migrated into the Tazhong uplift from the northern part of the Manjiaer depression through a series of injection points (IPs) during four orogenies, that is, the early Caledonian (510 Ma), the late Caledonian (439 Ma), the late Hercynian–Indosinian (290 Ma), and the Yanshanian–Himalayan (208 Ma). A total of six IPs were identified at the intersections of the northeast-trending faults and the northwest-trending flower strike faults. The hydrocarbons migrated from the IPs into traps along regional trends from northwest to southeast and from northeast to southwest. The hydrocarbon migration process and patterns determined the distribution of hydrocarbon properties and production rates in the Tazhong uplift. With increasing distance from the IPs, daily hydrocarbon production decreases, and the hydrocarbons become progressively heavier and display lower gas:oil ratios.
    Print ISSN: 0149-1423
    Electronic ISSN: 0149-1423
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by American Association of Petroleum Geologists (AAPG)
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  • 2
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    Functional protein dynamics on uncharted time scales detected by nanoparticle-assisted NMR spin relaxation (2019)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019
    Description: 〈p〉Protein function depends critically on intrinsic internal dynamics, which is manifested in distinct ways, such as loop motions that regulate protein recognition and catalysis. Under physiological conditions, dynamic processes occur on a wide range of time scales from subpicoseconds to seconds. Commonly used NMR spin relaxation in solution provides valuable information on very fast and slow motions but is insensitive to the intermediate nanosecond to microsecond range that exceeds the protein tumbling correlation time. Presently, very little is known about the nature and functional role of these motions. It is demonstrated here how transverse spin relaxation becomes exquisitely sensitive to these motions at atomic resolution when studying proteins in the presence of nanoparticles. Application of this novel cross-disciplinary approach reveals large-scale dynamics of loops involved in functionally critical protein-protein interactions and protein-calcium ion recognition that were previously unobservable.〈/p〉
    Electronic ISSN: 2375-2548
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 3
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    Stress-induced RNASET2 overexpression mediates melanocyte apoptosis via the TRAF2 pathway in vitro (2014)
    Springer Nature
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-01-24
    Description: Stress-induced RNASET2 overexpression mediates melanocyte apoptosis via the TRAF2 pathway in vitro Cell Death and Disease 5, e1022 (January 2014). doi:10.1038/cddis.2013.539 Authors: Q Wang, M Jiang, J Wu, Y Ma, T Li, Q Chen, X Zhang & L Xiang
    Keywords: stressRNASET2melanocyteapoptosisTRAF2
    Electronic ISSN: 2041-4889
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Published by Springer Nature
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  • 4
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    Association between the Dynamics of Multiple Replication Origins and the Evolution of Multireplicon Genome Architecture in Haloarchaea (2014)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-10-24
    Description: Haloarchaeal genomes are generally composed of multiple replicons, and each replicon has a single or multiple replication origin(s). The comparative genomic analysis of replication origins from closely related species can be used to reveal the evolutionary mechanisms that account for the development of multiple origin systems. Multiple replication origins have been in silico and experimentally investigated in Haloarcula hispanica , which raise the possibility for comparisons of multiple replication origins in Haloarcula species. Thus, we performed a comparison of H. hispanica replication origins with those from five additional Haloarcula species. We demonstrated that the multiple replication origins in the chromosome were evolved independently multiple times from the oriC1 -dependent ancestral chromosome. Particularly, the two origins oriC1 and oriC2 were conserved in location, and both of them were adjacent to an rRNA operon, suggestive of correlations in replication and expression of surrounding genes that may promote the conservation of these two origins. Some chromosomal variable regions were used as hotspots for origin evolution in which replication origins were continually being acquired, lost, and disrupted. Furthermore, we demonstrated that autonomously replicating sequence plasmids with H. hispanica minichromosomal replication origins were extremely unstable. Because both organization and replication origins of minichromosomes were not conserved, we proposed an association between the evolution of extrachromosomal replicons and origin variation. Taken together, we provided insights into the evolutionary history of multiple replication origins in Haloarcula species, and proposed a general model of association between the dynamics of multiple replication origins and the evolution of multireplicon genome architecture in haloarchaea.
    Electronic ISSN: 1759-6653
    Topics: Biology
    Published by Oxford University Press
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  • 5
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    Phosphate signaling regulated by SPX1 and SPX2 proteins [Plant Biology] (2014)
    National Academy of Sciences
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-10-15
    Description: In plants, sensing the levels of external and internal nutrients is essential for reprogramming the transcriptome and adapting to the fluctuating environment. Phosphate (Pi) is a key plant nutrient, and a large proportion of Pi starvation-responsive genes are under the control of PHOSPHATE STARVATION RESPONSE REGULATOR 1 (PHR1) in Arabidopsis...
    Print ISSN: 0027-8424
    Electronic ISSN: 1091-6490
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General
    Published by National Academy of Sciences
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  • 6
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    Sequential establishment of stripe patterns in an expanding cell population (2011)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-10-15
    Description: Periodic stripe patterns are ubiquitous in living organisms, yet the underlying developmental processes are complex and difficult to disentangle. We describe a synthetic genetic circuit that couples cell density and motility. This system enabled programmed Escherichia coli cells to form periodic stripes of high and low cell densities sequentially and autonomously. Theoretical and experimental analyses reveal that the spatial structure arises from a recurrent aggregation process at the front of the continuously expanding cell population. The number of stripes formed could be tuned by modulating the basal expression of a single gene. The results establish motility control as a simple route to establishing recurrent structures without requiring an extrinsic pacemaker.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Liu, Chenli -- Fu, Xiongfei -- Liu, Lizhong -- Ren, Xiaojing -- Chau, Carlos K L -- Li, Sihong -- Xiang, Lu -- Zeng, Hualing -- Chen, Guanhua -- Tang, Lei-Han -- Lenz, Peter -- Cui, Xiaodong -- Huang, Wei -- Hwa, Terence -- Huang, Jian-Dong -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2011 Oct 14;334(6053):238-41. doi: 10.1126/science.1209042.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Biochemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21998392" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acyl-Butyrolactones/metabolism ; Bacterial Load ; Cell Proliferation ; Culture Media ; Diffusion ; Escherichia coli K12/cytology/genetics/*growth & development/*physiology ; Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial ; Gene Regulatory Networks ; Kinetics ; Models, Biological ; Movement ; Quorum Sensing ; Synthetic Biology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 7
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    Effect of Cooling Rate on Microstructure of Two Kinds of High Nb Containing Tial Alloys (2017)
    Institute of Physics (IOP)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-10-04
    Description: In this paper, high Nb-TiAl alloys with Cr and W additions were prepared by Vacuum induction melting method, and then were heat treated under three different cooling rates of slow cooling, furnace cooling and air cooling. The phase composition of the alloy was analyzed by X ray diffraction, and the microstructure of the alloy was observed by optical microscope (OM), scanning electron microscope (SEM) and energy dispersive analyzer. The results show that the microstructure of Ti45Al8Nb0.2Cr and Ti45Al8Nb0.2W are fully lamellar structure with the main phase composition of α+γ after 3 different heat treatment conditions. The grain size of the two alloys decreases with decreasing of cooling rate, and the grain size of the alloyed with Cr alloy is smaller than that of the alloyed with W alloy. Most of the original massive β phase at grain boundaries and lamellar interfaces dissolved after heat treatment, and the transformation of β phase is easier for Ti45Al8Nb0.2Cr.
    Print ISSN: 1757-8981
    Electronic ISSN: 1757-899X
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Published by Institute of Physics (IOP)
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  • 8
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    Organic chemistry: Reactions triggered electrically (2016)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-03-05
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Xiang, Limin -- Tao, N J -- England -- Nature. 2016 Mar 3;531(7592):38-9. doi: 10.1038/531038a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Center for Biosensors and Bioelectronics, Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, USA. ; State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Nanjing University, China, and at the School of Electrical, Computer and Energy Engineering, Arizona State University.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26935691" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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  • 9
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    Connexin 43 is involved in the generation of human-induced pluripotent stem cells (2013)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-05-14
    Description: Although somatic cells can be successfully programmed to create pluripotent stem cells by ectopically expressing defined transcriptional factors, reprogramming efficiency is low and the reprogramming mechanism remains unclear. Previous reports have shown that almost all human connexin (CX) isoforms are expressed by human embryonic stem (hES) cells and that gap junctional intercellular communication (GJIC) is important for ES cell survival and differentiation. However, the CX expression profiles in human induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells and the role of CXs in the process of reprogramming back to iPS cells remains unknown. Here, we determined the expression levels of most forms of CX in human embryonic fibroblasts (hEFs) and in the hEF-derived iPS cells. A scrape loading/dye transfer assay showed that human iPS cells contained functional gap junctions (GJs) that could be affected by pharmacological inhibitors of GJ function. We found that CX43 was the most dramatically upregulated CX following reprogramming. Most importantly, the ectopic expression of CX43 significantly enhanced the reprogramming efficiency, whereas shRNA-mediated knockdown of endogenous CX43 expression greatly reduced the efficiency. In addition, we found that CX43 overexpression or knockdown affected the expression of E-CADHERIN, a marker of the mesenchymal-to-epithelial transition (MET), during reprogramming. In conclusion, our data indicate that CX43 expression is important for reprogramming and may mediate the MET that is associated with the acquisition of pluripotency.
    Print ISSN: 0964-6906
    Electronic ISSN: 1460-2083
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Published by Oxford University Press
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  • 10
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    Reflux dolomitization of the Upper Permian Changxing Formation and the Lower Triassic Feixianguan Formation, NE Sichuan Basin, China (2013)
    Wiley
    In: Geofluids
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-04-14
    Description: Natural gas is found in Upper Permian and Lower Triassic dolomite reservoirs of the NE Sichuan Basin, China. Studying the mechanisms for porosity-modifying dolomitization and predicting its spatial distribution is of great importance for exploration and field appraisal. Subsurface core samples from the oolitic Lower Triassic Feixianguan Formation and outcrop samples reef carbonate Upper Permian Changxing Formation were studied using cathodoluminescence (CL), electron microprobe, fluid inclusion and isotope studies (δ 18 O, δ 13 C and 87 Sr/ 86 Sr), in an attempt to determine the origin of the dolomitizing fluids. Trace element and isotope data show that Lower Triassic seawater was most likely responsible for dolomitization of both the Permian and Triassic rocks. Sr/Ca molar ratios, calculated for the diagenetic fluid, suggest seawater was involved in dolomitization. Strontium isotope data suggest that seawater 87 Sr/ 86 Sr during the Jialingjiang (Lower Triassic) reached 0.7078; this ratio is recorded ubiquitously in both Lower Triassic oolitic dolomite and the underlying Lower Permian reef dolomite. In the Permian Changxing Formation, elevated Triassic 87 Sr/ 86 Sr values have overprinted the significantly lower 87 Sr/ 86 Sr ratio characteristic of Upper Permian seawater. Fluid inclusion analysis led to the conclusion that dolomitization must have commenced at a temperature lower than about 50°C. Integrating the sedimentology, petrology and geochemistry data, we conclude that coeval Lower Triassic (Feixianguan or slightly younger) seawater caused dolomitization by a reflux-seepage process for both the Lower Triassic and Upper Permian units. There is no evidence for deep burial or meteoric-marine mixing-zone dolomitization. It is likely that evaporating seawater initially flowed into the highly porous oolitic Feixianguan Formation in a sabkha/lagoonal setting and precipitated anhydrite nodules and beds. Concomitant dolomitization, in the underlying Permian reef carbonates, continued during seepage even after the supply of sulphate was exhausted, leading to an absence of anhydrite in Permian Changxing Formation.
    Print ISSN: 1468-8115
    Electronic ISSN: 1468-8123
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Wiley
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