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  • 1
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    Galaxy Zoo: CANDELS barred discs and bar fractions (2014)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-11-01
    Description: The formation of bars in disc galaxies is a tracer of the dynamical maturity of the population. Previous studies have found that the incidence of bars in discs decreases from the local Universe to z ~ 1, and by z  〉 1 simulations predict that bar features in dynamically mature discs should be extremely rare. Here, we report the discovery of strong barred structures in massive disc galaxies at z ~ 1.5 in deep rest-frame optical images from the Cosmic Assembly Near-Infrared Deep Extragalactic Legacy Survey. From within a sample of 876 disc galaxies identified by visual classification in Galaxy Zoo, we identify 123 barred galaxies. Selecting a subsample within the same region of the evolving galaxy luminosity function (brighter than L *), we find that the bar fraction across the redshift range 0.5 ≤ z ≤ 2 ( $f_{{\rm bar}} = 10.7^{+6.3}_{-3.5}$ per cent after correcting for incompleteness) does not significantly evolve. We discuss the implications of this discovery in the context of existing simulations and our current understanding of the way disc galaxies have evolved over the last 11 billion years.
    Print ISSN: 0035-8711
    Electronic ISSN: 1365-2966
    Topics: Physics
    Published by Oxford University Press
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  • 2
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    Extending healthy life span--from yeast to humans (2010)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2010-04-17
    Description: When the food intake of organisms such as yeast and rodents is reduced (dietary restriction), they live longer than organisms fed a normal diet. A similar effect is seen when the activity of nutrient-sensing pathways is reduced by mutations or chemical inhibitors. In rodents, both dietary restriction and decreased nutrient-sensing pathway activity can lower the incidence of age-related loss of function and disease, including tumors and neurodegeneration. Dietary restriction also increases life span and protects against diabetes, cancer, and cardiovascular disease in rhesus monkeys, and in humans it causes changes that protect against these age-related pathologies. Tumors and diabetes are also uncommon in humans with mutations in the growth hormone receptor, and natural genetic variants in nutrient-sensing pathways are associated with increased human life span. Dietary restriction and reduced activity of nutrient-sensing pathways may thus slow aging by similar mechanisms, which have been conserved during evolution. We discuss these findings and their potential application to prevention of age-related disease and promotion of healthy aging in humans, and the challenge of possible negative side effects.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3607354/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3607354/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Fontana, Luigi -- Partridge, Linda -- Longo, Valter D -- AG025135/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- AG20642/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- GM075308/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- P30 DK056341/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- P30DK056341/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R01 AG020642/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- UL1 RR024992/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2010 Apr 16;328(5976):321-6. doi: 10.1126/science.1172539.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Division of Geriatrics and Nutritional Science, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA. lfontana@dom.wustl.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20395504" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Aging ; Animals ; Caenorhabditis elegans/genetics/physiology ; *Caloric Restriction ; Drosophila/genetics/physiology ; Eating ; Haplorhini ; Humans ; *Longevity ; Mice ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae/genetics/physiology ; *Signal Transduction
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 3
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    Diet drives convergence in gut microbiome functions across mammalian phylogeny and within humans (2011)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-05-21
    Description: Coevolution of mammals and their gut microbiota has profoundly affected their radiation into myriad habitats. We used shotgun sequencing of microbial community DNA and targeted sequencing of bacterial 16S ribosomal RNA genes to gain an understanding of how microbial communities adapt to extremes of diet. We sampled fecal DNA from 33 mammalian species and 18 humans who kept detailed diet records, and we found that the adaptation of the microbiota to diet is similar across different mammalian lineages. Functional repertoires of microbiome genes, such as those encoding carbohydrate-active enzymes and proteases, can be predicted from bacterial species assemblages. These results illustrate the value of characterizing vertebrate gut microbiomes to understand host evolutionary histories at a supraorganismal level.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3303602/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3303602/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Muegge, Brian D -- Kuczynski, Justin -- Knights, Dan -- Clemente, Jose C -- Gonzalez, Antonio -- Fontana, Luigi -- Henrissat, Bernard -- Knight, Rob -- Gordon, Jeffrey I -- DK078669/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- DK30292/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- DK70977/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- P01 DK078669/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- P01 DK078669-05/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- P30 DK056341/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- P30 DK056341-11/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R01 DK070977/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R01 DK070977-08/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R37 DK030292/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R37 DK030292-31/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- T32-A1007172/PHS HHS/ -- UL1 RR024992/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2011 May 20;332(6032):970-4. doi: 10.1126/science.1198719.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Center for Genome Sciences and Systems Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63108, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21596990" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Adaptation, Physiological ; Amino Acids/biosynthesis ; Animals ; Bacteria/classification/genetics/metabolism ; Biological Evolution ; Biostatistics ; Caloric Restriction ; *Diet ; Enzymes/genetics/metabolism ; Feces/*microbiology ; Gastrointestinal Tract/*microbiology/physiology ; Genes, Bacterial ; Genes, rRNA ; Humans ; Least-Squares Analysis ; Mammals/*microbiology/physiology ; Metagenome/*physiology ; Monte Carlo Method ; *Phylogeny ; Proteins/metabolism ; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S/genetics ; Sequence Analysis, DNA
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 4
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    Glacial survival of boreal trees in northern Scandinavia (2012)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2012-03-03
    Description: It is commonly believed that trees were absent in Scandinavia during the last glaciation and first recolonized the Scandinavian Peninsula with the retreat of its ice sheet some 9000 years ago. Here, we show the presence of a rare mitochondrial DNA haplotype of spruce that appears unique to Scandinavia and with its highest frequency to the west-an area believed to sustain ice-free refugia during most of the last ice age. We further show the survival of DNA from this haplotype in lake sediments and pollen of Trondelag in central Norway dating back ~10,300 years and chloroplast DNA of pine and spruce in lake sediments adjacent to the ice-free Andoya refugium in northwestern Norway as early as ~22,000 and 17,700 years ago, respectively. Our findings imply that conifer trees survived in ice-free refugia of Scandinavia during the last glaciation, challenging current views on survival and spread of trees as a response to climate changes.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Parducci, Laura -- Jorgensen, Tina -- Tollefsrud, Mari Mette -- Elverland, Ellen -- Alm, Torbjorn -- Fontana, Sonia L -- Bennett, K D -- Haile, James -- Matetovici, Irina -- Suyama, Yoshihisa -- Edwards, Mary E -- Andersen, Kenneth -- Rasmussen, Morten -- Boessenkool, Sanne -- Coissac, Eric -- Brochmann, Christian -- Taberlet, Pierre -- Houmark-Nielsen, Michael -- Larsen, Nicolaj Krog -- Orlando, Ludovic -- Gilbert, M Thomas P -- Kjaer, Kurt H -- Alsos, Inger Greve -- Willerslev, Eske -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2012 Mar 2;335(6072):1083-6. doi: 10.1126/science.1216043.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Ecology and Genetics, Evolutionary Biology Centre, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22383845" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Base Sequence ; DNA, Chloroplast/genetics ; DNA, Mitochondrial/genetics ; *Ecosystem ; Europe ; *Fossils ; Geologic Sediments ; Haplotypes ; *Ice Cover ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Mutation ; Norway ; *Picea/genetics ; *Pinus/genetics ; Scandinavian and Nordic Countries ; Time
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 5
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    Medical research: treat ageing (2014)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-07-25
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Fontana, Luigi -- Kennedy, Brian K -- Longo, Valter D -- Seals, Douglas -- Melov, Simon -- England -- Nature. 2014 Jul 24;511(7510):405-7. doi: 10.1038/511405a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Washington University in St. Louis, Missouri, USA, and at Brescia University, Italy. ; Buck Institute for Research on Aging in Novato, California, USA. ; Longevity Institute at the University of Southern California in Los Angeles, USA. ; Department of Integrative Physiology at the University of Colorado Boulder in Boulder, Colorado, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25056047" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Age of Onset ; Aging/*drug effects/genetics/*physiology ; Animals ; Biomarkers ; Biomedical Research/economics/*trends ; Caloric Restriction ; Clinical Trials as Topic ; Diet ; Exercise ; Geriatrics/economics/*trends ; Health ; Humans ; Longevity/*drug effects/genetics/physiology ; Metformin/pharmacology ; Models, Animal ; Precision Medicine/trends ; Preventive Medicine/economics/*trends ; Rejuvenation/*physiology ; Sirolimus/pharmacology
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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  • 6
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    Pathway Processor 2.0: a web resource for pathway-based analysis of high-throughput data (2013)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-07-06
    Description: : Pathway Processor 2.0 is a web application designed to analyze high-throughput datasets, including but not limited to microarray and next-generation sequencing, using a pathway centric logic. In addition to well-established methods such as the Fisher’s test and impact analysis, Pathway Processor 2.0 offers innovative methods that convert gene expression into pathway expression, leading to the identification of differentially regulated pathways in a dataset of choice. Availability and implementation: Pathway Processor 2.0 is available as a web service at http://compbiotoolbox.fmach.it/pathwayProcessor/ . Sample datasets to test the functionality can be used directly from the application. Contact: duccio.cavalieri@fmach.it Supplementary information: Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
    Print ISSN: 1367-4803
    Electronic ISSN: 1460-2059
    Topics: Biology , Computer Science , Medicine
    Published by Oxford University Press
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  • 7
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    Galaxy Zoo: quantitative visual morphological classifications for 48 000 galaxies from CANDELS (2016)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-11-24
    Description: We present quantified visual morphologies of approximately 48 000 galaxies observed in three Hubble Space Telescope legacy fields by the Cosmic Assembly Near-infrared Deep Extragalactic Legacy Survey (CANDELS) and classified by participants in the Galaxy Zoo project. 90 per cent of galaxies have z ≤ 3 and are observed in rest-frame optical wavelengths by CANDELS. Each galaxy received an average of 40 independent classifications, which we combine into detailed morphological information on galaxy features such as clumpiness, bar instabilities, spiral structure, and merger and tidal signatures. We apply a consensus-based classifier weighting method that preserves classifier independence while effectively down-weighting significantly outlying classifications. After analysing the effect of varying image depth on reported classifications, we also provide depth-corrected classifications which both preserve the information in the deepest observations and also enable the use of classifications at comparable depths across the full survey. Comparing the Galaxy Zoo classifications to previous classifications of the same galaxies shows very good agreement; for some applications, the high number of independent classifications provided by Galaxy Zoo provides an advantage in selecting galaxies with a particular morphological profile, while in others the combination of Galaxy Zoo with other classifications is a more promising approach than using any one method alone. We combine the Galaxy Zoo classifications of ‘smooth’ galaxies with parametric morphologies to select a sample of featureless discs at 1 ≤ z ≤ 3, which may represent a dynamically warmer progenitor population to the settled disc galaxies seen at later epochs.
    Print ISSN: 0035-8711
    Electronic ISSN: 1365-2966
    Topics: Physics
    Published by Oxford University Press
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Vibrational spectra of methylthiirane (1987)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 86 (1987), S. 1140-1146 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Vibrational Raman, infrared absorption, and infrared circular dichroism (VCD) spectra were measured for methylthiirane. Ab inito vibrational frequencies were calculated with a 6-31G basis, and vibrational assignments were suggested by comparing the experimental and theoretical data. These assignments were used for the interpretation of the experimental VCD spectrum of (R)-methylthiirane.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.452257
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Regulation of spermidine transport in l1210 cells
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    International Journal of Biochemistry 25 (1993), S. 1497-1500 
    Details
    ISSN: 0020-711X
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0020-711X(93)90696-C
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A finite element method for 3D hydrostatic water flows (1999)
    Springer
    Computing and visualization in science 2 (1999), S. 85-93 
    Details
    ISSN: 1433-0369
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract. In this paper we propose a numerical method for the solution of the “Quasi-3D” hydrodynamic equations. This approach uses a combination of standard linear finite elements along the vertical direction and non-conforming Raviart-Thomas elements in the horizontal planes. We describe, also, a suitable approximation for the convective terms.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s007910050031
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