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  • 1
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    Neural population dynamics during reaching (2012)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2012-06-23
    Description: Most theories of motor cortex have assumed that neural activity represents movement parameters. This view derives from what is known about primary visual cortex, where neural activity represents patterns of light. Yet it is unclear how well the analogy between motor and visual cortex holds. Single-neuron responses in motor cortex are complex, and there is marked disagreement regarding which movement parameters are represented. A better analogy might be with other motor systems, where a common principle is rhythmic neural activity. Here we find that motor cortex responses during reaching contain a brief but strong oscillatory component, something quite unexpected for a non-periodic behaviour. Oscillation amplitude and phase followed naturally from the preparatory state, suggesting a mechanistic role for preparatory neural activity. These results demonstrate an unexpected yet surprisingly simple structure in the population response. This underlying structure explains many of the confusing features of individual neural responses.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3393826/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3393826/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Churchland, Mark M -- Cunningham, John P -- Kaufman, Matthew T -- Foster, Justin D -- Nuyujukian, Paul -- Ryu, Stephen I -- Shenoy, Krishna V -- 1DP1OD006409/OD/NIH HHS/ -- DP1 HD075623/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- DP1 OD006409/OD/NIH HHS/ -- DP1 OD006409-01/OD/NIH HHS/ -- R01 NS054283/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- R01 NS054283-01/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- R01-NS054283/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- R01-NS064318/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- England -- Nature. 2012 Jul 5;487(7405):51-6. doi: 10.1038/nature11129.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Neuroscience, Kavli Institute for Brain Science, David Mahoney Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York 10032, USA. mc3502@columbia.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22722855" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Biomechanical Phenomena ; Electromyography ; Leeches ; Macaca mulatta/*physiology ; Male ; *Models, Neurological ; Motor Cortex/*cytology/*physiology ; Movement/*physiology ; Neurons/*cytology ; Rotation ; Swimming ; Walking
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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  • 2
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    Context-dependent computation by recurrent dynamics in prefrontal cortex (2013)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-11-10
    Description: Prefrontal cortex is thought to have a fundamental role in flexible, context-dependent behaviour, but the exact nature of the computations underlying this role remains largely unknown. In particular, individual prefrontal neurons often generate remarkably complex responses that defy deep understanding of their contribution to behaviour. Here we study prefrontal cortex activity in macaque monkeys trained to flexibly select and integrate noisy sensory inputs towards a choice. We find that the observed complexity and functional roles of single neurons are readily understood in the framework of a dynamical process unfolding at the level of the population. The population dynamics can be reproduced by a trained recurrent neural network, which suggests a previously unknown mechanism for selection and integration of task-relevant inputs. This mechanism indicates that selection and integration are two aspects of a single dynamical process unfolding within the same prefrontal circuits, and potentially provides a novel, general framework for understanding context-dependent computations.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4121670/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4121670/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Mante, Valerio -- Sussillo, David -- Shenoy, Krishna V -- Newsome, William T -- 1DP1OD006409/OD/NIH HHS/ -- DP1 OD006409/OD/NIH HHS/ -- Howard Hughes Medical Institute/ -- England -- Nature. 2013 Nov 7;503(7474):78-84. doi: 10.1038/nature12742.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉1] Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Department of Neurobiology, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA [2] Institute of Neuroinformatics, University of Zurich/ETH Zurich, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland. [3].〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24201281" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Choice Behavior/physiology ; Discrimination Learning ; Macaca mulatta/*physiology ; Male ; *Models, Neurological ; Nerve Net/cytology/physiology ; Neurons/physiology ; Prefrontal Cortex/cytology/*physiology
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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  • 3
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    Mechanisms of heading perception in primate visual cortex (1996)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1996-09-13
    Description: When we move forward while walking or driving, what we see appears to expand. The center or focus of this expansion tells us our direction of self-motion, or heading, as long as our eyes are still. However, if our eyes move, as when tracking a nearby object on the ground, the retinal image is disrupted and the focus is shifted away from the heading. Neurons in primate dorso-medial superior temporal area responded selectively to an expansion focus in a certain part of the visual field, and this selective region shifted during tracking eye movements in a way that compensated for the retinal focus shift. Therefore, these neurons account for the effect of eye movements on what we see as we travel forward through the world.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bradley, D C -- Maxwell, M -- Andersen, R A -- Banks, M S -- Shenoy, K V -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1996 Sep 13;273(5281):1544-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Division of Biology, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8703215" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Macaca mulatta ; *Motion Perception ; Movement ; Neurons/*physiology ; *Pursuit, Smooth ; Retina/*physiology ; Rotation ; Temporal Lobe/*physiology ; Visual Cortex/*physiology ; Visual Pathways/physiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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