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  • 1
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    Observation of an edge coherent mode and poloidal flow in the electron cyclotron wave induced high βp plasma in QUEST (2016)
    American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-08-05
    Description: Fluctuations are measured in the edge and scrape-off layer (SOL) of QUEST using fast visible imaging diagnostic. Electron cyclotron wave injection in the Ohmic plasma features excitation of low frequency coherent fluctuations near the separatrix and enhanced cross-field transport. Plasma shifts from initial high field side limiter bound (inboard limited, IL) towards inboard poloidal null (IPN) configuration with steepening of the density profile at the edge. This may have facilitated the increased edge and SOL fluctuation activities. Observation of the coherent mode, associated plasma flow, and particle out-flux, for the first time in the IPN plasma configuration in a spherical tokamak may provide further impetus to the edge and SOL turbulence studies in tokamaks.
    Print ISSN: 1070-664X
    Electronic ISSN: 1089-7674
    Topics: Physics
    Published by American Institute of Physics (AIP)
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  • 2
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    Dynamical programming based turbulence velocimetry for fast visible imaging of tokamak plasma (2015)
    American Institute of Physics (AIP)
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    Publication Date: 2015-03-18
    Description: An orthogonal dynamic programming (ODP) based particle image velocimetry (PIV) technique is developed to measure the time resolved flow field of the fluctuating structures at the plasma edge and scrape off layer (SOL) of tokamaks. This non-intrusive technique can provide two dimensional velocity fields at high spatial and temporal resolution from a fast framing image sequence and hence can provide better insights into plasma flow as compared to conventional probe measurements. Applicability of the technique is tested with simulated image pairs. Finally, it is applied to tangential fast visible images of QUEST plasma to estimate the SOL flow in inboard poloidal null–natural divertor configuration. This technique is also applied to investigate the intricate features of the core of the run-away dominated phase following the injection of a large amount of neutrals in the target Ohmic plasma. Development of the ODP-PIV code and its applicability on actual plasma images is reported.
    Print ISSN: 0034-6748
    Electronic ISSN: 1089-7623
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Physics
    Published by American Institute of Physics (AIP)
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  • 3
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    Heat flux and plasma flow in the far scrape-off layer of the inboard poloidal field null configuration in QUEST (2015)
    American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-08-28
    Description: Heat flux and plasma flow in the scrape-off layer (SOL) are examined for the inboard poloidal field null (IPN) configuration of the spherical tokamak QUEST. In the plasma current ( I p ) ramp-up phase, high heat flux (〉1 MW/m 2 ) and supersonic flow (Mach number M  〉 1) are found to be present simultaneously in the far-SOL. The heat flux is generated by energetic electrons excursed from the last closed flux surface. Supersonic flows in the poloidal and toroidal directions are correlated with each other. In the quasi-steady state, sawtooth-like oscillation of I p at 20 Hz is observed. Heat flux and subsonic plasma flow in the far-SOL are modified corresponding to the I p -oscillation. The heat flow caused by motion of energetic electrons and the bulk-particle transport to the far-SOL is enhanced during the low- I p phase. Modification of plasma flow in the far SOL occurs earlier than the I p crash. The M–I p curve has a limit-cycle characteristic with sawtooth-like oscillation. Such a core–SOL relationship indicates that the far-SOL flow plays an important role in sustaining the oscillation of I p in the IPN configuration.
    Print ISSN: 1070-664X
    Electronic ISSN: 1089-7674
    Topics: Physics
    Published by American Institute of Physics (AIP)
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  • 4
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    Adaptive array technique for differential-phase reflectometry in QUESTa) (2014)
    American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-08-06
    Description: A Phased Array Antenna (PAA) was considered as launching and receiving antennae in reflectometry to attain good directivity in its applied microwave range. A well-focused beam was obtained in a launching antenna application, and differential-phase evolution was properly measured by using a metal reflector plate in the proof-of-principle experiment at low power test facilities. Differential-phase evolution was also evaluated by using the PAA in the Q-shu University Experiment with Steady State Spherical Tokamak (QUEST). A beam-forming technique was applied in receiving phased-array antenna measurements. In the QUEST device that should be considered as a large oversized cavity, standing wave effect was significantly observed with perturbed phase evolution. A new approach using derivative of measured field on propagating wavenumber was proposed to eliminate the standing wave effect.
    Print ISSN: 0034-6748
    Electronic ISSN: 1089-7623
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Physics
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  • 5
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    Role of stochasticity in turbulence and convective intermittent transport at the scrape off layer of Ohmic plasma in QUEST (2014)
    American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-07-19
    Description: Statistical features of fluctuations are investigated using the fast camera imaging technique in the scrape of layer (SOL) of electron cyclotron resonance heated Ohmic plasma. Fluctuations in the SOL towards low field side are dominated by coherent convective structures (blobs). Two dimensional structures of the higher order moments (skewness s and kurtosis k ) representing the shape of probability density function ( PDF ) are studied. s and k are seen to be functions of the magnetic field lines. s and k are consistently higher towards the bottom half of the vessel in the SOL showing the blob trajectory along the field lines from the top towards bottom of the vessel. Parabolic relation ( k = A s 2 + C ) is observed between s and k near the plasma boundary, featuring steep density gradient region and at the far SOL. The coefficient A , obtained experimentally, indicates a shift of prominence from pure drift-wave instabilities towards fully developed turbulence. Numerical coefficients characterizing the Pearson system are derived which demonstrates the progressive deviation of the PDF from Gaussian towards gamma from the density gradient region, towards the far SOL. Based on a simple stochastic differential equation, a direct correspondence between the multiplicative noise amplitude, increased intermittency, and hence change in PDF is discussed.
    Print ISSN: 1070-664X
    Electronic ISSN: 1089-7674
    Topics: Physics
    Published by American Institute of Physics (AIP)
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  • 6
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    Thermal imaging of plasma with a phased array antenna in QUESTa) (2014)
    American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-07-19
    Description: A thermal imaging system to measure plasma Electron Bernstein Emission (EBE) emanating from the mode conversion region in overdense plasma is discussed. Unlike conventional ECE/EBE imaging, this diagnostics does not employ any active mechanical scanning mirrors or focusing optics to scan for the emission cones in plasma. Instead, a standard 3 × 3 waveguide array antenna is used as a passive receiver to collect emission from plasma and imaging reconstruction is done by accurate measurements of phase and intensity of these signals by heterodyne detection technique. A broadband noise source simulating the EBE, is installed near the expected mode conversion region and its position is successfully reconstructed using phase array technique which is done in post processing.
    Print ISSN: 0034-6748
    Electronic ISSN: 1089-7623
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Physics
    Published by American Institute of Physics (AIP)
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  • 7
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    The Physcomitrella genome reveals evolutionary insights into the conquest of land by plants (2007)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2007
    Description: We report the draft genome sequence of the model moss Physcomitrella patens and compare its features with those of flowering plants, from which it is separated by more than 400 million years, and unicellular aquatic algae. This comparison reveals genomic changes concomitant with the evolutionary movement to land, including a general increase in gene family complexity; loss of genes associated with aquatic environments (e.g., flagellar arms); acquisition of genes for tolerating terrestrial stresses (e.g., variation in temperature and water availability); and the development of the auxin and abscisic acid signaling pathways for coordinating multicellular growth and dehydration response. The Physcomitrella genome provides a resource for phylogenetic inferences about gene function and for experimental analysis of plant processes through this plant's unique facility for reverse genetics.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Rensing, Stefan A -- Lang, Daniel -- Zimmer, Andreas D -- Terry, Astrid -- Salamov, Asaf -- Shapiro, Harris -- Nishiyama, Tomoaki -- Perroud, Pierre-Francois -- Lindquist, Erika A -- Kamisugi, Yasuko -- Tanahashi, Takako -- Sakakibara, Keiko -- Fujita, Tomomichi -- Oishi, Kazuko -- Shin-I, Tadasu -- Kuroki, Yoko -- Toyoda, Atsushi -- Suzuki, Yutaka -- Hashimoto, Shin-Ichi -- Yamaguchi, Kazuo -- Sugano, Sumio -- Kohara, Yuji -- Fujiyama, Asao -- Anterola, Aldwin -- Aoki, Setsuyuki -- Ashton, Neil -- Barbazuk, W Brad -- Barker, Elizabeth -- Bennetzen, Jeffrey L -- Blankenship, Robert -- Cho, Sung Hyun -- Dutcher, Susan K -- Estelle, Mark -- Fawcett, Jeffrey A -- Gundlach, Heidrun -- Hanada, Kousuke -- Heyl, Alexander -- Hicks, Karen A -- Hughes, Jon -- Lohr, Martin -- Mayer, Klaus -- Melkozernov, Alexander -- Murata, Takashi -- Nelson, David R -- Pils, Birgit -- Prigge, Michael -- Reiss, Bernd -- Renner, Tanya -- Rombauts, Stephane -- Rushton, Paul J -- Sanderfoot, Anton -- Schween, Gabriele -- Shiu, Shin-Han -- Stueber, Kurt -- Theodoulou, Frederica L -- Tu, Hank -- Van de Peer, Yves -- Verrier, Paul J -- Waters, Elizabeth -- Wood, Andrew -- Yang, Lixing -- Cove, David -- Cuming, Andrew C -- Hasebe, Mitsuyasu -- Lucas, Susan -- Mishler, Brent D -- Reski, Ralf -- Grigoriev, Igor V -- Quatrano, Ralph S -- Boore, Jeffrey L -- BBS/E/C/00004948/Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council/United Kingdom -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2008 Jan 4;319(5859):64-9. Epub 2007 Dec 13.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Plant Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Schaenzlestrasse 1, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18079367" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adaptation, Physiological ; Angiosperms/genetics/physiology ; Animals ; Arabidopsis/genetics/physiology ; *Biological Evolution ; Bryopsida/*genetics/physiology ; Chlamydomonas reinhardtii/genetics/physiology ; Computational Biology ; DNA Repair ; Dehydration ; Gene Duplication ; Genes, Plant ; *Genome, Plant ; Metabolic Networks and Pathways/genetics ; Multigene Family ; Oryza/genetics/physiology ; Phylogeny ; Plant Proteins/genetics/physiology ; Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid ; Retroelements ; Sequence Analysis, DNA ; Signal Transduction/genetics
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 8
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    Involvement of mammalian Mus81 in genome integrity and tumor suppression (2004)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2004-06-19
    Description: Mus81-Eme1 endonuclease has been implicated in the rescue of stalled replication forks and the resolution of meiotic recombination intermediates in yeast. We used gene targeting to study the physiological requirements of Mus81 in mammals. Mus81-/- mice are viable and fertile, which indicates that mammalian Mus81 is not essential for recombination processes associated with meiosis. Mus81-deficient mice and cells were hypersensitive to the DNA cross-linking agent mitomycin C but not to gamma-irradiation. Remarkably, both homozygous Mus81-/- and heterozygous Mus81+/- mice exhibited a similar susceptibility to spontaneous chromosomal damage and a profound and equivalent predisposition to lymphomas and other cancers. These studies demonstrate a critical role for the proper biallelic expression of the mammalian Mus81 in the maintenance of genomic integrity and tumor suppression.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉McPherson, John Peter -- Lemmers, Benedicte -- Chahwan, Richard -- Pamidi, Ashwin -- Migon, Eva -- Matysiak-Zablocki, Elzbieta -- Moynahan, Mary Ellen -- Essers, Jeroen -- Hanada, Katsuhiro -- Poonepalli, Anuradha -- Sanchez-Sweatman, Otto -- Khokha, Rama -- Kanaar, Roland -- Jasin, Maria -- Hande, M Prakash -- Hakem, Razqallah -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2004 Jun 18;304(5678):1822-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Ontario Cancer Institute, 620 University Avenue, Suite 706, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5G 2C1.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15205536" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Alleles ; Animals ; Chromosome Aberrations ; DNA Damage ; DNA-Binding Proteins/*genetics/*physiology ; Embryo, Mammalian/cytology ; Embryonic and Fetal Development ; *Endonucleases ; Gamma Rays ; Gene Targeting ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; *Genome ; *Genomic Instability ; Heterozygote ; Lymphoma/etiology/genetics/pathology ; Meiosis ; Mice ; Mitomycin/pharmacology ; Neoplasms/etiology/*genetics ; Recombination, Genetic ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins ; Sister Chromatid Exchange ; Stem Cells ; T-Lymphocytes/physiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 9
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    Long-term lymphohematopoietic reconstitution by a single CD34-low/negative hematopoietic stem cell (1996)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1996-07-12
    Description: Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) supply all blood cells throughout life by making use of their self-renewal and multilineage differentiation capabilities. A monoclonal antibody raised to the mouse homolog of CD34 (mCD34) was used to purify mouse HSCs to near homogeneity. Unlike in humans, primitive adult mouse bone marrow HSCs were detected in the mCD34 low to negative fraction. Injection of a single mCD34(lo/-), c-Kit+, Sca-1(+), lineage markers negative (Lin-) cell resulted in long-term reconstitution of the lymphohematopoietic system in 21 percent of recipients. Thus, the purified HSC population should enable analysis of the self-renewal and multilineage differentiation of individual HSCs.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Osawa, M -- Hanada, K -- Hamada, H -- Nakauchi, H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1996 Jul 12;273(5272):242-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Immunology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences and Center for Tsukuba Advanced Research Alliance, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba Science-City, Ibaraki 305, Japan.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8662508" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Antigens, CD34/*analysis ; Base Sequence ; *Bone Marrow Cells ; Cell Differentiation ; Cell Lineage ; Cell Separation ; DNA Primers ; *Hematopoiesis ; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation ; Hematopoietic Stem Cells/*cytology/immunology ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Time Factors
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 10
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    Carlactone, an endogenous strigolactone precursor [Plant Biology] (2014)
    National Academy of Sciences
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    Publication Date: 2014-01-29
    Description: Strigolactones (SLs) are a class of terpenoid plant hormones that regulate shoot branching as well as being known as root-derived signals for symbiosis and parasitism. SL has tricyclic-lactone (ABC-ring) and methyl butenolide (D-ring), and they are connected through an enol ether bridge. Recently, a putative biosynthetic intermediate called carlactone (CL),...
    Print ISSN: 0027-8424
    Electronic ISSN: 1091-6490
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General
    Published by National Academy of Sciences
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