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  • 1
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    Inherent limitation of digital imagery: spatial-phase vacillations and the ambiguity function (2020)
    Institute of Physics
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-06-23
    Electronic ISSN: 2515-7647
    Topics: Physics
    Published by Institute of Physics
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    PAPER CURRENT
  • 2
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    Reluctant glass formers and their applications in optical lens design (1990)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-08-31
    Description: Over ten years ago, it was shown that glasses with high index of refraction and some with low dispersion could be produced from a number of pure refractory oxides, including the lanthanides, by containerless processing. By containerless processing it is possible to minimize surface heterogeneous nucleation and produce larger glass samples of the materials than by other methods. The use of proposed high temperature containerless processing facilities in space permits the fabrication of benchmark samples of new unique glass compositions for optical property determination as well as for glass formation. It was shown that glasses with high refractive indices and large Abbe numbers can be formulated using this technology. These glasses lie in the classical forbidden region of the glass map. Preliminary study of the impact of having such unusual glasses available for the lens designer was made. Results indicate that significant improvements can be realized over the use of only conventional glasses. A cursory survey of a number of nationally recognized lens designers indicated a general agreement that such glasses would be highly desired and could be expected to lead to completely new designs as well as simplifying existing designs.
    Keywords: MATERIALS PROCESSING
    Type: JPL, Proceedings of the First Workshop on Containerless Experimentation in Microgravity; p 282-29
    Format: application/pdf
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 3
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    Contamination study (1990)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: The time dependence of the angular reflectance from molecularly contaminated optical surfaces in the Vacuum Ultraviolet (VUV) is measured. The light scattering measurements are accomplished in situ on optical surfaces in real time during deposition of molecular contaminants. The measurements are taken using non-coherent VUV sources with the predominant wavelengths being the Krypton resonance lines at 1236 and 1600 A. Detection of the scattered light is accomplished using a set of three solar blind VUV photomultipliers. An in-plane VUV BRDF (Bidirectional Reflectance Distribution Functions) experiment is described and details of the ongoing program to characterize optical materials exposed to the space environment is reported.
    Keywords: OPTICS
    Type: NASA-CR-184225 , NAS 1.26:184225 , UAH-5-32180
    Format: application/pdf
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 4
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    Development summary of a sympathetic discharge CO2 laser for lidar use (1991)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: A commercial pulsed sympathetic discharge laser has been characterized and modified for use as a potential lidar. This report summarizes the initial findings and modifications made to the baseline system. The new laser performance is then checked with theory and operational results are presented. The laser has inherent mode instability and high chirp. Several solutions were tried and their results are presented.
    Keywords: LASERS AND MASERS
    Type: NASA-CR-184433 , NAS 1.26:184433 , UAH-5-32439
    Format: application/pdf
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 5
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    Analysis of advanced optical glass and systems (1991)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: Optical lens systems performance utilizing optical materials comprising reluctant glass forming compositions was studied. Such special glasses are being explored by NASA/Marshall Space Flight Center (MSFC) researchers utilizing techniques such as containerless processing in space on the MSFC Acoustic Levitation Furnace and on the High Temperature Acoustic Levitation Furnace in the conceptual design phase for the United States Microgravity Laboratory (USML) series of shuttle flights. The application of high refractive index and low dispersive power glasses in optical lens design was investigated. The potential benefits and the impacts to the optical lens design performance were evaluated. The results of the studies revealed that the use of these extraordinary glasses can result in significant optical performance improvements. Recommendations of proposed optical properties for potential new glasses were also made. Applications of these new glasses are discussed, including the impact of high refractive index and low dispersive power, improvements of the system performance by using glasses which are located outside of traditional glass map, and considerations in establishing glass properties beyond conventional glass map limits.
    Keywords: OPTICS
    Type: NASA-CR-184434 , NAS 1.26:184434 , UAH-5-32389
    Format: application/pdf
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 6
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    Contamination analysis of SSF candidate materials (1991)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: NASA's In Situ Contamination Effects Facility, Marshall Space Flight Center, has been used to test several candidate materials for use upon Space Station Freedom. Optical measurements were made in the vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) as test mirrors were contaminated by materials in a space-like environment. This was done to determine the effects of the contamination and subsequent exposure to VUV radiation upon optical components that will be used upon the space station.
    Keywords: OPTICS
    Type: NASA-CR-184431 , NAS 1.26:184431 , UAH-5-32391
    Format: application/pdf
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 7
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    Interferometric and optical tests of water window imaging x ray microscopes (1993)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: Interferometric tests of Schwarzchild X-ray Microscope are performed to evaluate the optical properties and alignment of the components. Photographic measurements of the spatial resolution, focal properties, and vignetting characteristics of the prototype Water Window Imaging X-ray Microscope are made and analyzed.
    Keywords: OPTICS
    Type: NASA-CR-193866 , NAS 1.26:193866 , UAH-5-33018
    Format: application/pdf
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 8
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    Investigation of Zerodur material processing (1993)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: The Final Report of the Center for Applied Optics (CAO), of The University of Alabama (UAH) study entitled 'Investigation of Zerodur Material Processing' is presented. The objectives of the effort were to prepare glass samples by cutting, grinding, etching, and polishing block Zerodur to desired specifications using equipment located in the optical shop located in the Optical System Branch at NASA/MSFC; characterize samples for subsurface damage and surface roughness; utilize Zerodur samples for coating investigations; and perform investigations into enhanced optical fabrication and metrology techniques. The results of this investigation will be used to support the Advanced X Ray Astrophysics Facility (AXAF) program as well as other NASA/MSFC research programs. The results of the technical effort are presented and discussed.
    Keywords: OPTICS
    Type: NASA-CR-193842 , NAS 1.26:193842
    Format: application/pdf
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 9
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    Synchrotron/crystal sample preparation (1993)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: The Center for Applied Optics (CAO) of the University of Alabama in Huntsville (UAH) prepared this final report entitled 'Synchrotron/Crystal Sample Preparation' in completion of contract NAS8-38609, Delivery Order No. 53. Hughes Danbury Optical Systems (HDOS) is manufacturing the Advanced X-ray Astrophysics Facility (AXAF) mirrors. These thin-walled, grazing incidence, Wolter Type-1 mirrors, varying in diameter from 1.2 to 0.68 meters, must be ground and polished using state-of-the-art techniques in order to prevent undue stress due to damage or the presence of crystals and inclusions. The effect of crystals on the polishing and grinding process must also be understood. This involves coating special samples of Zerodur and measuring the reflectivity of the coatings in a synchrotron system. In order to gain the understanding needed on the effect of the Zerodur crystals by the grinding and polishing process, UAH prepared glass samples by cutting, grinding, etching, and polishing as required to meet specifications for witness bars for synchrotron measurements and for investigations of crystals embedded in Zerodur. UAH then characterized these samples for subsurface damage and surface roughness and figure.
    Keywords: SOLID-STATE PHYSICS
    Type: NASA-CR-193837 , NAS 1.26:193837
    Format: application/pdf
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 10
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    Design and Fabrication of the All-Reflecting H-Lyman alpha Coronagraph/Polarimeter (1993)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: We have designed, analyzed, and are now fabricating an All-Reflecting H-Lyman alpha Coronagraph/Polarimeter for solar research. This new instrument operates in a narrow bandpass centered at lambda 1215.7 A-the neutral hydrogen Lyman alpha (Ly-alpha) line. It is shorter and faster than the telescope which produced solar Ly-alpha images as a part of the MSSTA payload that was launched on May 13, 1991. The Ly-alpha line is produced and linearly polarized in the solar corona by resonance scattering, and the presence of a magnetic field modifies this polarization according to the Hanle effect. The Lyman alpha Coronagraph/Polarimeter instrument has been designed to measure coronal magnetic fields by interpreting, via the Hanle effect, the measured linear polarization of the coronal Ly-alpha line. Ultrasmooth mirrors, polarizers, and filters are being flow-polished for this instrument from CVD silicon carbide substrates. These optical components will be coated using advanced induced transmission and absorption thin film multilayer coatings, to optimize the reflectivity and polarization properties at 1215.7 A. We describe some of the solar imaging results obtained with the MSSTA Lyman alpha coronagraph. We also discuss the optical design parameters and fabrication plans for the All-Reflecting H-Lyman alpha Coronagraph/Polarimeter.
    Keywords: Optics
    Type: NASA/TM-1992-113081 , NAS 1.15:113081 , Multilayer and Grazing Incidence X-ray/EUV Optics for Astronomy and Projection Lithography; Jul 19, 1992 - Jul 22, 1992; San Diego, CA; United States|International Society for Optical Engineering; 1742; 439-452
    Format: application/pdf
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
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