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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 1 (1968), S. 77-89 
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Der Einfluß von 5 verschiedenen koronardurchblutungsfördernden Substanzen bzw. Sub stanzmengen auf die koronare arterao-venöse O2-Differenz AVDO2. den arteriellen Blutdruck and die Herzfrequenz wurde bei 61 Herzkranken untersucht. Aus den Änderungen der koronaren AVDO2. wurden die relativen Änderungen der Koronardurchblutung errechnet. - Nach gleichmäßiger 3-minütiger intravenösur Injektion von 20 mg Dipyridamol (= 2 Ampullen Persantin®), 10 mg Hexobendin (= 2 Ampullen Ustimon ®) oder durchschnittlich 6.7 mg (0.1 mg pro kg) eines anderen, noch nicht im Handel befindlichen Trimethoxybenzoesaureesters (TBS-ASTA-C-4898) fand sich ein in Ausmaß und zeitlichem Ablauf ähnlicher, steiler, kräftiger, kurzdauernder Anstieg der Koronardurchblutung. Die maximale Koronardurchblutungszunahme lag jeweils in der 3. bzw. 4. Min. and betrug im Mittel nach Dipyridamol (N = 16) +97%, nach Hexobendin (N = 10) +112% und nach TBS-C-4898 (N=10) +135%. Der Wirkungsabfall vom Maximum der Durchblutungssteigerung auf 50% dieses Wertes erfolgte im Mittel in 2 bis 4 Min. Die Durchblutungszunahme betrug 7 bis 9 Min. nach Beginn der Injektion im Durchschnitt nur noch weniger als +40% gegenüber den Ausgangswerten. Die im Einzelfall ermittelten Maxima lagen zwischen +8% und +307%. — Die Herzfrequenz stieg um maximal 14% bis 23% an; der Blutdruck blieb weitgehend stabil. — Nach gleichartiger i.v. Injektion von 80 mg Carbochromen (= 2 Ampullen Intensain®) fand sich im Mittel (N = 15) ein nur geringffigiger allmählicher Anstieg der Koronardurchblutung um +10% his maximal + 17% (in der 15. Min.) von der 10. bis zur 30. Min. mit individuellen Maxima zwischen +3% and +72%. Demgegenüber nahm die Koronardurchblutung nach -15-min i. v.-Infusion von 200 mg Carbochromen im Mittel (N = 10) von der 15. bis zur 45. Min. nach Infusionsbeginn um mehr als +60% mit einem durchschnittlichen Maximum von +119% in der 23. Min. zu. Die maximalen Durchblutungssteigerungen im Einzelfall variierten zwischen +28% und +378%. — Nach genfigend holier Dosierung führt Carbochromen somit zu einer gegenuber Dipyridamol and Benzoesäure-estern später einsetzenden, aber longer anhaltenden intensiven Koronardurchblutungszunahme. Blutdruck und Herzfrequenz blieben dabei praktisch konstant. — Die Ursachen der großen individuellen Untorschiede der Koronardurchblutungsänderungen nach Applikation koronardilatierender Substanzen werden untersucht und erör-tert. Das Ausmaß der pharmakologisch ausgelösten Koronardurchblutungssteigerung hängt einerseits vonArt und Dosis des applizierten Pharmakons, zum anderen von der Art und Schwere der Herzerkrankung ab. Die therapeuschen Konsequenzen der Befunde werden diskutiert.
    Notes: Summary Investigations were carried out on 61 heart patients divided into 5 comparable groups. We observed the effect of 5 different substances, known to augment the myocardial blood supply, on 1. the coronary arteriovenous oxygen difference (AVD02), 2. the arterial blood pressure, and 3. the heart rate. — The relative changes of coronary flow were calculated from the changes in coronary AVD02. — Intravenous injection (within 3 min) of 20 mg dipyridamol (= 2 ampoules Persantin®), 10 mg hexobendin (= 2 ampoules Ustimon®), or of 0.1 mg/kg body weight of TBS-ASTA-C-4898, an ester of trimethoxybenzoic acid not yet on the market, all yielded similar results, namely a fairly steep increase in coronary flow of short duration. The maximum was observed 3–4 min after beginning the injection. The mean maximal increase was +97% after dipyridamol (N= 16), +112% after hexobendin (N= 10) and +135% after TBS-C-4898 (N= 10). The return to a half of the maximal values occurred after a mean time interval of 2–4 min; 7–9 min after beginning the injection, the mean increase in coronary flow amounted to less than +40% of the initial values. Individual measurements yielded results varying between +8% and +307%. The heart rate showed a maximum rise of 14 to +23%, the blood pressure remained almost constant. — In similar investigations, intravenous injection of 80 mg carbochromen (= 2 ampoules Intensain®) yielded merely a slight, gradual increase in the coronary flow, namely +10% between the loth and 30th min after beginning the injection, with a maximum of + 17% in the 15th min. Individual maxima lay between +3% and +72%. — On the other hand, when 200 mg carbochromen was administered by infusion, within 15 min an average rise of more than 60% was registered from the 15th to the 45th min after beginning the infusion, with a maximum of +119% in the 23rd min. Individual maxima varied between +28 % and +387 %. The conclusion can therefore be drawn that, in adequate dosage, carbochromen leads to an increase in coronary flow which sets in later but is of a longer duration than that produced by dipyridamol and benzoic acid esters. Blood pressure and heart rate remain practically constant. — It was further observed that the increase in coronary flow depends not only upon the characteristics and dosage of the drug used, but also on the type and seriousness of the heart disease. The therapeutic consequences of these findings are discussed.
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 88 (2000), S. 240-244 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: New materials for nonlinear optical (NLO) applications are still of great interest. The monoclinic BiB3O6 (BIBO) shows exceptionally large NLO coefficients. In this article we will present the linear optical properties in the wavelength range between 350 and 2400 nm, the phase matching conditions calculated for second harmonic generation, and optical parametric oscillation. Angular bandwidth data are also given. The wide tuning range of phase matched directions together with the monoclinic symmetry allow a broad variety of applications. The laser damage threshold is comparable to high quality lithium triborate. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Physics Letters 3 (1962), S. 64-66 
    ISSN: 0031-9163
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Radiation Botany 3 (1963), S. 249-257 
    ISSN: 0033-7560
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Copenhagen : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Applied crystallography online 33 (2000), S. 372-379 
    ISSN: 1600-5767
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Using a standard evaporation technique at 311 K, large single crystals of the polar orthorhombic potassium rare earth nitrates K2RE(NO3)5.2H2O, where RE = La, Ce, Pr or Nd, of optical quality and dimensions up to 5 × 5 × 4 cm, were grown from aqueous solutions containing a stoichiometric ratio of potassium and rare earth ions (K:RE = 2:1) and a surplus of nitric acid. Detailed structural and crystal chemical analyses of all four isomorphic compounds based on single-crystal X-ray diffraction data were carried out [space group Fdd2; Z = 8; La compound: a = 11.2814 (6), b = 21.480 (1), c = 12.2589 (4) Å, R = 0.94%; Ce compound: a = 11.263 (3), b = 21.404 (3), c = 12.230 (4) Å, R = 1.92%; Pr compound: a = 11.213 (2), b = 21.392 (4), c = 12.204 (2) Å, R = 1.58%; Nd compound: a = 11.197 (1), b = 21.378 (1), c = 12.195 (1) Å, R = 1.55%]. The main structural feature is the diaquapentanitratolanthanide(III) group, [RE(NO3)5(H2O)2]2−, as stated earlier by Eriksson, Larsson, Niinistö & Valkonen [Acta Chem. Scand. Ser. A, (1980), 34, 567–572] for the La compound. The rare earth atoms are surrounded by 12 O atoms, two of which belong to water molecules, the remaining ten belonging to five bidentate nitrate groups. The coordination polyhedron [REO12] is a distorted icosahedron; its geometry is discussed using a simple hard-sphere model.
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Copenhagen : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Applied crystallography online 33 (2000), S. 380-386 
    ISSN: 1600-5767
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Linear and nonlinear optical properties of the four isomorphic orthorhombic (point group mm2) potassium rare earth nitrates K2[RE(NO3)5(H2O)2], with RE = La, Ce, Pr or Nd, have been investigated. Refractive indices in a wavelength range from 0.35 to 2.5 µm and the transmission spectra between 0.25 to 3.0 µm were measured. Using the Maker fringe technique, the d_{ijk}^{\rm\, SHG} coefficients of second-harmonic generation for a fundamental of the Nd–YAP laser (λ = 1079.5 nm) were determined for all four compounds. The d_{ijk}^{\rm\, SHG} coefficients of all four substances are about three times larger than those of KDP, as was first published by Ebbers et al. [IEEE J. Quantum Electron. (1993), 29, 497–507] for K2[La(NO3)5(H2O)2]. These nitrates are promising materials for application to nonlinear optics (e.g. second-harmonic generation of Nd laser radiation). The nonlinear optical properties of these compounds seem to have their origin mainly in the nitrate groups, as indicated by a simple model (summing the molecular hyperpolarizabilities of the NO3 group). Neglecting local field effects, the hyperpolarizability of the NO3 group was calculated as β222 = 2.52 × 10−40 m4 V−1.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1434-601X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Die Energieverluste von 25 keV-Elektronen werden in festem, flüssigem und dampfförmigem Quecksilber sowie in festem und dampfförmigem Silber in Durchstrahlung gemessen. Bei beiden Substanzen zeigen die Spektren in den verschiedenen Phasen in der Lage der Energieverluste und in den relativen Intensitäten große Ähnlichkeit miteinander. In allen Aggregatzuständen ist insbesondere der Energieverlust, der energetisch der Resonanzlinie des Einzelatoms entspricht (Hg: 6,7 eV, Ag: 3,7 eV) mit nur geringer Verschiebung der Lage wiederzufinden. - Ferner wurden an der kubischen Eismodifikation Energieverluste bestimmt: 9,3 eV (scharf) und 17 eV (sehr breites Band).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 2000-07-01
    Print ISSN: 0021-8979
    Electronic ISSN: 1089-7550
    Topics: Physics
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  • 9
  • 10
    Publication Date: 1998-12-01
    Print ISSN: 0038-1098
    Electronic ISSN: 1879-2766
    Topics: Physics
    Published by Elsevier
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