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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 31 (1986), S. 261-265 
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: metoprolol ; myocardial infarction ; acute disease ; pharmacokinetics ; dosage regimen
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary A combined i.v. and oral dosage regimen of metoprolol early in acute myocardial infarction has been evaluated. Metoprolol 15 mg i.v. in three divided doses followed by 200 mg orally in divided doses was administered to 20 patients. The median delay from onset of pain to start of treatment was 7.5 h. Following the i.v. dose absorption of the first oral dose was prolonged in several patients, but the plasma metoprolol concentration rapidly stabilized at a mean of about 200 nmol/l. A significant correlation was found between the change in resting heart rate and the plasma concentration of metoprolol 15 min after the start of treatment. Blood pressure was not correlated with metoprolol concentration. Nine patients were restudied after 16–19 days of chronic therapy. The time to maximal plasma concentration of metoprolol on chronic treatment was reduced compared to that observed after the first oral dose. The median minimum plasma concentration during steady state averaged around 200 nmol/l and was comparable to the mean trough levels 24 and 48 h after the start of therapy. In the majority of patients, the dosage regimen rapidly produced and maintained plasma levels of metoprolol which should induce a significant degree of beta-blockade.
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Analytical Biochemistry 172 (1988), S. 78-81 
    ISSN: 0003-2697
    Keywords: DABA . 2HCl ; DNA ; cell culture ; fluorescence ; smooth muscle cell
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Trends in Genetics 8 (1992), S. 376-381 
    ISSN: 0168-9525
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Copenhagen : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Applied crystallography online 33 (2000), S. 372-379 
    ISSN: 1600-5767
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Using a standard evaporation technique at 311 K, large single crystals of the polar orthorhombic potassium rare earth nitrates K2RE(NO3)5.2H2O, where RE = La, Ce, Pr or Nd, of optical quality and dimensions up to 5 × 5 × 4 cm, were grown from aqueous solutions containing a stoichiometric ratio of potassium and rare earth ions (K:RE = 2:1) and a surplus of nitric acid. Detailed structural and crystal chemical analyses of all four isomorphic compounds based on single-crystal X-ray diffraction data were carried out [space group Fdd2; Z = 8; La compound: a = 11.2814 (6), b = 21.480 (1), c = 12.2589 (4) Å, R = 0.94%; Ce compound: a = 11.263 (3), b = 21.404 (3), c = 12.230 (4) Å, R = 1.92%; Pr compound: a = 11.213 (2), b = 21.392 (4), c = 12.204 (2) Å, R = 1.58%; Nd compound: a = 11.197 (1), b = 21.378 (1), c = 12.195 (1) Å, R = 1.55%]. The main structural feature is the diaquapentanitratolanthanide(III) group, [RE(NO3)5(H2O)2]2−, as stated earlier by Eriksson, Larsson, Niinistö & Valkonen [Acta Chem. Scand. Ser. A, (1980), 34, 567–572] for the La compound. The rare earth atoms are surrounded by 12 O atoms, two of which belong to water molecules, the remaining ten belonging to five bidentate nitrate groups. The coordination polyhedron [REO12] is a distorted icosahedron; its geometry is discussed using a simple hard-sphere model.
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Copenhagen : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Applied crystallography online 33 (2000), S. 380-386 
    ISSN: 1600-5767
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Linear and nonlinear optical properties of the four isomorphic orthorhombic (point group mm2) potassium rare earth nitrates K2[RE(NO3)5(H2O)2], with RE = La, Ce, Pr or Nd, have been investigated. Refractive indices in a wavelength range from 0.35 to 2.5 µm and the transmission spectra between 0.25 to 3.0 µm were measured. Using the Maker fringe technique, the d_{ijk}^{\rm\, SHG} coefficients of second-harmonic generation for a fundamental of the Nd–YAP laser (λ = 1079.5 nm) were determined for all four compounds. The d_{ijk}^{\rm\, SHG} coefficients of all four substances are about three times larger than those of KDP, as was first published by Ebbers et al. [IEEE J. Quantum Electron. (1993), 29, 497–507] for K2[La(NO3)5(H2O)2]. These nitrates are promising materials for application to nonlinear optics (e.g. second-harmonic generation of Nd laser radiation). The nonlinear optical properties of these compounds seem to have their origin mainly in the nitrate groups, as indicated by a simple model (summing the molecular hyperpolarizabilities of the NO3 group). Neglecting local field effects, the hyperpolarizability of the NO3 group was calculated as β222 = 2.52 × 10−40 m4 V−1.
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1572-9540
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract A Mössbauer spectrometer for the mineralogical analysis of the Mars surface is under development. This instrument will be installed on a Mars-Rover, included in the Soviet Union Mars-94/96 Mars mission. Due to power and mass restrictions the electromechanical drive and the electronic components have been extremely miniaturized in comparison to standard systems. Solid state detectors (PIN-diodes) are used for γ- and x-ray detection. The whole spectrometer is controlled by a microprocessor (transputer). An additional application as x-ray fluorescence spectrometer is proposed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Hyperfine interactions 95 (1995), S. 305-339 
    ISSN: 1572-9540
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Nearly 40 years after the discovery of the Mössbauer effect for the first time a Mössbauer spectrometer will leave our planet to explore in situ the surface of another solar system body: the red planet Mars [1]. We are currently developing a miniaturized Mössbauer spectrometer (MIMOS) which is part of the scientific payload of the Russian Mars96 mission, to be launched within the next 2–4 years [2,3]. To fulfill the requirements for a space mission to the planet Mars, all parts of the spectrometer had to be extremely miniaturized and ruggedized to withstand the space flight and Mars environmental conditions. The relevant parts (e.g. drive, detector system, electronics etc.) will be described in more detail and its characteristics compared to standard systems. Because of this new development there now is a growing interest to include a Mössbauer (MB) instrument in future space missions to other solar system bodies as for instance Venus, the terrestrial Moon, and a comet nucleus. Because of extremely different environmental conditions (e.g. nearly zero gravity on the surface of a comet nucleus, high pressure and temperature on the surface of Venus, etc.) different instrument designs and concepts are required for different missions. We will present some ideas for various types of missions, as well as the motivation for using Mössbauer spectroscopy in these cases.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1572-9540
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract The element iron plays a major role in modern industries and technologies as for instance car-industry, mineral processing and steel production and power plants. For quality control, process monitoring and device inspection (e.g., pipes in power plants) a fast, non-destructive and sensitive analytical method is desirable. 57Fe Mössbauer spectroscopy is able to determine the different iron phases (e.g., oxides, sulfides, nitrates, carbonates and carbides) and therefore would be the ideal tool to perform this job. We have developed a miniaturized backscattering Mössbauer spectrometer for space applications which will be modified and used for industrial applications under certain circumstances. The instrument is designed in a modular way which would allow to adapt it to different applications. The instrument has approximately the size of a soft drink can, a weight of about 0.5 kg, and a power consumption of about 3 watts.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Hyperfine interactions 111 (1998), S. 335-339 
    ISSN: 1572-9540
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Mössbauer spectroscopy has been used to provide detailed quantitative insight into the reaction products present at different stages of the processing/reduction of iron ores. Typical phases include: α-Fe2O3; Fe3O4; Fe1-xO; Fe3C and Fe, which are in agreeement with the results obtained using standard wet chemistry methods. As an extension of this post reaction examination of products, we have used Mössbauer spectroscopy for in-situ measurements during the week long operation of an iron ore processing pilot plant. Such in-situ measurements allow optimal control of the plant to be obtained with, depending on the strength of the source, a time constant of ~ 1 h.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Hyperfine interactions 90 (1994), S. 107-120 
    ISSN: 1572-9540
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract A Mössbauer spectrometer for the mineralogical analysis of the Mars surface is under development. This instrument will be installed on a Mars-Rover, which is part of the Russian Mars'96 mission. Due to power and mass restrictions, the electromechanical drive and the electronic components have been extremely miniaturized, and for the rude conditions during take-off and landing, very much ruggedized in comparison to standard systems. Solid-state detectors (PIN-diodes) are used for γ- and X-ray detection in backward geometry and will also give information on the elemental composition by X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy. The different operations of the spectrometer are controlled autonomously by a microprocessor.
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