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  • 1
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    The habit and form of gypsum crystals in Irish mudstone aggregate affected by pyrite-induced swelling (2015)
    Geological Society of London
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-11-20
    Description: In a recent court case in Ireland, pyrite-induced swelling of a mudstone aggregate backfill has been proven to have occurred and to have arisen from the growth of gypsum crystals in and around the aggregate fragments. There is a lack of published information on the subject and considerable debate exists regarding features associated with forceful crystallization. This paper describes the form and habit of gypsum crystals from petrological and SEM evaluations presented during the court case. Features associated with both forceful and passive crystallization of gypsum are illustrated. These illustrations should serve as a guide to the morphology of gypsum crystals where forceful crystallization under near-surface conditions has occurred. The paper is unique in that it describes a case of proven forceful crystallization of gypsum rather than attempting to infer forceful crystallization from theoretical concepts of crystal growth. This paper does not go into the detailed evidence and arguments put forward in the court case or attempt to explain the mechanisms involved in pyrite-induced swelling.
    Print ISSN: 1470-9236
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Geological Society of London
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  • 2
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    On the fringes of conquest: maya-spanish contact in colonial belize (1989)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1989-12-08
    Description: The defeat of the Aztecs of Mexico by Hernan Cortes in 1521 was but the beginning of a long and torturous conquest of Central America that did not always result in the mastery of people and production for which the Spanish had hoped. The Maya of the resource-poor Yucatan peninsula were spared the heavy colonial hand that held fast to central Mexico and its riches. In addition, the dense forests of the peninsula served as a haven for refugees fleeing oppressive conditions in colonial towns. Despite the paucity of documentary information on Maya communities of the frontier, knowledge of Maya-Spanish relations in the 16th and 17th centuries has advanced in recent years through archeological and ethnohistorical research. Work in one region of the Maya lowlands has brought us closer to an understanding of the early interaction of the rulers and the ruled.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Graham, E -- Pendergast, D M -- Jones, G D -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1989 Dec 8;246(4935):1254-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17832220" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 3
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    Product-to-parent reversion of trenbolone: unrecognized risks for endocrine disruption (2013)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-09-28
    Description: Trenbolone acetate (TBA) is a high-value steroidal growth promoter often administered to beef cattle, whose metabolites are potent endocrine-disrupting compounds. We performed laboratory and field phototransformation experiments to assess the fate of TBA metabolites and their photoproducts. Unexpectedly, we observed that the rapid photohydration of TBA metabolites is reversible under conditions representative of those in surface waters (pH 7, 25 degrees C). This product-to-parent reversion mechanism results in diurnal cycling and substantial regeneration of TBA metabolites at rates that are strongly temperature- and pH-dependent. Photoproducts can also react to produce structural analogs of TBA metabolites. These reactions also occur in structurally similar steroids, including human pharmaceuticals, which suggests that predictive fate models and regulatory risk assessment paradigms must account for transformation products of high-risk environmental contaminants such as endocrine-disrupting steroids.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4096139/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4096139/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Qu, Shen -- Kolodziej, Edward P -- Long, Sarah A -- Gloer, James B -- Patterson, Eric V -- Baltrusaitis, Jonas -- Jones, Gerrad D -- Benchetler, Peter V -- Cole, Emily A -- Kimbrough, Kaitlin C -- Tarnoff, Matthew D -- Cwiertny, David M -- 8 P20 GM103440-11/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- P20 GM103440/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- P30 ES005605/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/ -- S10 RR025500/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- S10-RR025500/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- UL1 RR024979/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- UL1RR024979/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2013 Oct 18;342(6156):347-51. doi: 10.1126/science.1243192. Epub 2013 Sep 26.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Iowa, 4105 Seamans Center for the Engineering Arts and Sciences, Iowa City, IA 52242-1527, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24072818" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Anabolic Agents/adverse effects/*chemistry/metabolism ; Animals ; Cattle ; Darkness ; Desiccation ; Endocrine Disruptors/adverse effects/*chemistry/*metabolism ; Environmental Health ; Humans ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; *Photolysis ; Risk Assessment ; Temperature ; Trenbolone Acetate/adverse effects/*chemistry/metabolism ; Water/*chemistry ; Water Pollutants/adverse effects/*chemistry/metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 4
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    Configurations and decay hindrances of high-K states in ^{180} Hf (2016)
    American Physical Society (APS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-12-03
    Description: Author(s): S. K. Tandel, P. Chowdhury, F. G. Kondev, R. V. F. Janssens, T. L. Khoo, M. P. Carpenter, T. Lauritsen, C. J. Lister, D. Seweryniak, S. Zhu, A. Deacon, S. J. Freeman, N. J. Hammond, G. D. Jones, E. F. Moore, and J. F. Smith Multi-quasiparticle high- K states, several of which are isomeric, were observed in Hf 180 with the Gammasphere array. Lifetimes in the ns- μ s range were determined using centroid-shift and decay measurements within a μ s coincidence time window. The configurations of high- K states involve two and four … [Phys. Rev. C 94, 064304] Published Fri Dec 02, 2016
    Keywords: Nuclear Structure
    Print ISSN: 0556-2813
    Electronic ISSN: 1089-490X
    Topics: Physics
    Published by American Physical Society (APS)
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Site-selective laser spectroscopy of deuterated SrF2:Er3+ (1990)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 92 (1990), S. 2166-2177 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Laser selective excitation and optical absorption of deuterated SrF2:0.05% Er3+ crystals have revealed eight Er3+ ion centers involving D− ion charge compensation, nine new Er3+–F− centers not associated with D− ions and several approximately cubic symmetry Er3+ centers. In contrast to the trigonal symmetry of the principal F− center, the dominant arrangements in the D− ion charge compensation case are derived from a tetragonal symmetry center. Detailed spectroscopic results for the new centers are presented. Fluorescence polarization ratios are listed for three centers ( J, B, and G1) present in either SrF2:Er3+ or CaF2:Er3+ and crystal-field analyses of these, based on assumed trigonal symmetry, are also reported.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.458008
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Site-selective spectroscopy of hydrogenic sites in CaF2:Er3+ crystals (1987)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 86 (1987), S. 521-544 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Laser selective excitation and optical absorption studies of hydrogenated CaF2:0.05% Er3+ crystals have revealed 16 Er3+ ion sites involving H− or D− ion charge compensation. The relative occurrence of these sites can be controlled over a wide range by varying the duration of the hydrogenation treatment. The hydrogenic nature of these sites is established by the observation of local mode absorption lines in the infrared, Er3+ ion electronic line isotope shifts and associated local mode vibronic lines involving the H− and D− ions. Local mode infrared absorption frequencies of four sites are reported for most rare-earth ions. Five new Er3+−F− sites were identified in the laser selective excitation study. For 〈100〉 and 〈111〉 oriented crystals the fluorescence spectra of several of the sites exhibit well-defined polarization which determines their Er3+ ion site symmetries. Symmetry confirmations are also established for the two previously reported single Er3+ ion sites involving fluoride ion compensation. Eleven of the hydrogenic sites reported here are classified into two families, each derived from a single Er3+ ion site of the parent crystal, while three others are attributed to sites of nearly cubic Er3+ ion symmetry. Detailed spectroscopic results for these sites are presented, together with a crystal-field analysis for the C4v symmetry sites and some model assignments.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.452304
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Control of Cauliflower Mosaic Virus (1951)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 168 (1951), S. 336-337 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Three varieties of broccoli, Extra Early, Ad and Bl, were grown in two seed-beds, one adjacent to an infected seed broccoli crop and one half a mile from any Brassica crop. The seedlings were planted out in replicated plots. Although practically all the plants in the experiment developed virus ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/168336b0
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nuclear isomers in superheavy elements as stepping stones towards the island of stability (2006)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 442 (2006), S. 896-899 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] A long-standing prediction of nuclear models is the emergence of a region of long-lived, or even stable, superheavy elements beyond the actinides. These nuclei owe their enhanced stability to closed shells in the structure of both protons and neutrons. However, theoretical approaches to date do ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature05069
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Vinyl Ethers of Diethylene Glycol (1963)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Industrial and engineering chemistry 2 (1963), S. 296-303 
    Details
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/i360008a011
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Poly-alpha-methylstyrene (1956)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Industrial & engineering chemistry 48 (1956), S. 2123-2131 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-5045
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ie50564a026
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